Springtime and Other Essays

Renew：Part 21
Author：Francis Darwin
Update：08-15-2023
Tags：未知
Description：Springtime and Other Essays summary: Springtime and Other Essays summary is updating. Come visit Novelonlinefull.com sometime to read the latest chapter of Springtime and Other Essays. If you have any question about this novel, Please don't hesitate to contact us or translate team. Hope you enjoy it.

Read Now

Chapter List

Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter ii, p. 20, is devoted to the gittern and citole. In the first-named instrument we have the ancestor of the guitar, which it resembled in its flat back, and in the curving inwards of the vertical sides. {74a} It has generally been believed that the "waist" thus produced was an adaptation to the use of the bow, but, as the author points out, this form occurs long before the existence of bowed instruments. {74b} At p. 22 (Galpin) is given an early fourteenth century ill.u.s.tration of a gittern-player, holding in his right hand the plectrum with which he sounds the strings. The most curious point, however, is the depth of the neck of the instrument, which is pierced by a large hole to admit the left thumb; without this curious device it would apparently be impossible to stop the strings. On the same plate is given an ill.u.s.tration of the precious gittern at Warwick Castle, believed to date from about 1330, in which the thumb-hole is more clearly shown.
Chapter vi. is chiefly devoted to the organistrum or hurdy-gurdy (Plate V.). This is a stringed instrument which differs from the rest of its cla.s.s by being sounded neither with fingers like the lute nor with a bow like the viol, but by means of a rotating wooden wheel. The melody string (or strings) is not stopped directly by the finger as in the violin, but by a series of keys manipulated by the performer, who need not necessarily possess a musical ear since the stopping is arranged for him. The Swedish nyckel-harpa-which I remember to have heard in Stockholm-is the only other instrument in which the strings are stopped by mechanical means. This instrument differs from the organistrum in the fact that it is sounded by the ordinary fiddle-bow, and not by means of a wheel. The organistrum is remarkable for having been "in constant and popular use" from the tenth century up to the present day.
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
Chapter 19
Chapter 20
Chapter 21