The History of Creation

Renew：Volume II Part 24
Author：Ernst Haeckel
Update：08-15-2023
Tags：History
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Chapter List

Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter XVI. and the Pedigree, p. 398.)
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter xvii. p. 90.) In reality every naked simple cell, whether it proceeds from an animal or vegetable body, cannot be distinguished from an independent Amba. For an Amba is nothing but a simple primary cell, a naked little lump of cell-matter, or plasma, containing a kernel. The contractility of this plasma, which the free Amba shows in stretching out and drawing in its changing processes, is a general vital property of the organic plasma of all animal as well as of all vegetable plastids. When a freely moving Amba, which perpetually changes its form, pa.s.ses into a state of rest, it draws itself together into the form of a globule, and surrounds itself with a secreted membrane. It can then be as little distinguished from an animal egg as from a simple globular vegetable cell (Fig. 10 _A_).
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
Chapter 19
Chapter XVI.). But these Protista, especially the large division of the Rhizopoda, which are so rich in forms, cannot be considered as real animals for reasons previously given. Hence, if we here leave them out of the question, we may accept two main cla.s.ses or provinces of real Protozoa, namely, _Egg animals_ (Ovularia) and _Germ animals_ (Blastularia). To the former belong the three cla.s.ses of Archezoa, Gregarinae, and Infusoria, to the latter the two cla.s.ses of Planaeads and Gastraeads.
Chapter XVI.) must on account of their neutral nature be considered as Protista, and a third portion, on account of their vegetable nature, must be considered as plants.
Chapter 22
Chapter 23
Chapter 24
Chapter 25
Chapter 26
Chapter 27
Chapter 28
Chapter 29
Chapter 30
Chapter 31
Chapter 32
Chapter 33
Chapter 34
Chapter 35
Chapter 36
Chapter 37
Chapter XX. vol. ii. p. 192.) The horizontal lines indicate the periods (mentioned in vol. ii. p. 14) of the organic history of the earth during which the deposition of the strata containing fossils took place. The vertical lines separate the cla.s.ses and sub-cla.s.ses of vertebrata from one another. The tree-shaped and branching lines, by their greater or lesser number and thickness, indicate the approximate degree of development, variety, and perfection, which each cla.s.s probably attained in each geological period. In those cla.s.ses which, on account of the soft nature of their bodies, could not leave any fossil remains (which is especially the case with Prochordata, Acrania, Monorrhina, and Dipneusta) the course of development is hypothetically suggested on the ground of arguments derived from the three records of creation-comparative anatomy, ontogeny, and palaeontology. The most important starting-points for the hypothetical completion of the palaeontological gaps are here, as in all cases, furnished by the _fundamental law of biogeny_, which a.s.serts the inner _causal-nexus existing between ontogeny and phylogeny_. (Compare vol. i. p. 310, and vol. ii. p. 200; also Plates VIII.-XIII.) In all cases we have to regard the individual development (determined by the laws of Inheritance but modified by the laws of Adaptation) as short and quick repet.i.tions of the palaeontological development of the tribe. This proposition is the "ceterum censeo" of our theory of development.