The Riddle of Philosophy

Renew：Part 26
Author：Rudolf Steiner
Update：08-15-2023
Tags：Philosophy
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Chapter List

Chapter I.
Chapter 2
Chapter III.
Chapter IV.
Chapter 5
Chapter VI.
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter VII.
Chapter VI). To comprehend how everything in the world is so laid out that man has a worthy task and is capable of carrying it out is the aim of this world conception.
Chapter 11
Chapter IX.
Chapter I.
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter II.
Chapter IX of this book.) After Haeckel had absorbed Darwin"s view of the origin of man he defended forcefully the conclusion that must be drawn from it. It was impossible for him just to hint hesitatingly, like Darwin, at this "problem of all problems." Anatomically and physiologically man is not distinguishable from the higher animals. Therefore, the same origin must be attributed to him as to them. Haeckel boldly defended this opinion and the consequences that followed from it for the conception of the world. There was no doubt for him that in the future the highest manifestations of man"s life, the activities of his spirit, were to be considered under the same viewpoint as the function of the simplest living organism. The observation of the lowest animals, the protozoa, infusoria, rhizopods, taught
Chapter 18
Chapter I). In this geology, to be sure, the idea is still rejected that organic forms have gradually developed one from another. It nevertheless receives a powerful support through the fact that the inorganic (geological) formations of the earth"s surface are explained through such a gradual development and through violent catastrophes. Spencer, who had a natural scientific education and who had for a time also been active as a civil engineer, recognized at once the full extent of the idea of evolution, and he applied it in spite of Lyell"s opposition to it. He even applied this idea to spiritual processes. As early as 1850, in his book, Social Statistics, he described social evolution in a.n.a.logy with organic evolution. He also acquainted himself with the studies of Harvey and Wolff in embryonic development (compare Part I, Chapter IX of this book), and he plunged into the works of Karl Ernst von Baer (compare above in Part II Chapter II), which showed him that evolution proceeded from the development of a h.o.m.ogeneous uniform state to one of variety, diversity and abundance. In the early stages of embryological development the organisms are very similar; later they become different from one another (compare above in Part II Chapter II).
Chapter III). For this reason, it is necessary to ask these questions: In what respect do the results of natural science point beyond their own limits toward the higher problems: What is the nature of our knowledge? Can this knowledge lead to a solution of that higher task? Kant has asked such questions with great emphasis. In order to find one"s own position, one wanted to study how he had approached them. One wanted to think over with the greatest possible precision Kant"s line of thought, attempting to avoid his errors and to find in the continuation of his ideas a way that led out of the general perplexity.
Chapter VI.
Chapter VII.
Chapter VI of this volume). It found forceful representatives later in Wilhelm Windelband (1848 1915), Heinrich Rickert (1863 1936) and others. These thinkers are of the opinion that there is an element entering into the world conception that is inaccessible to the natural scientific mode of thought. They consider this element to be the "values" that are of decisive importance in human life. The world is no dream but a reality if it can be shown that certain experiences of the soul contain something that is independent of this soul.
Chapter VI). of this volume.).
Chapter 25
Chapter 26