152. _What are they?_ Epic, Dramatic, Lyric, Elegiac, Didactic, Satiric and Pastoral.
153. _What is an Epic poem?_ A poetical recital of some great and heroic enterprise.
154. _Are there many Epic poems?_ There are not; most nations have one.
155. _Name the three Epics of greatest note._ Homer"s Iliad, Virgil"s aeneid, and Milton"s Paradise Lost.
156. _What language were these poems written in?_ The Iliad in Greek, aeneid in Latin, and Paradise Lost in English.
157. _What does the Iliad describe or narrate?_ The downfall of Troy, which was the most memorable event in the early history of the Trojans and Greeks.
158. _What does the aeneid narrate?_ The perils and labors of aeneas, who was the reputed founder of the Roman race.
159. _What does Paradise Lost describe?_ The downfall of not only the Human but of the Angelic host.
160. _What is a Dramatic poem?_ One similar in many respects to an Epic.
161. _Name some point of difference._ Epic relates past events; the Drama represents events as taking place at the present time.
162. _Name the greatest Dramatic writer of the English._ Shakespeare.
163. _What is a Drama called that is set to music?_ An opera.
164. _What is a Melodrama?_ A dramatic poem some parts of which are spoken and some are sung.
165. _What is Lyric Poetry?_ It is the oldest kind of poetry, and was originally intended to be sung to the accompaniment of the lyre.
166. _What are Sonnets?_ A kind of Lyric Poems.
167. _What is an Elegy?_ A poem of a mournful kind, usually celebrating the virtues of some person deceased.
168. _What is an Epitaph?_ A short Elegy inscribed on a monument, or written in praise of any one.
169. _What is a Pastoral poem?_ One that describes country life.
170. _What is a Didactic poem?_ One the aim of which is to give instruction.
171. _What is Meditative Poetry?_ A kind of Didactic poetry.
172. _Name two noted Didactic poems._ Bryant"s "Thanatopsis," and Campbell"s "Pleasures of Hope."
173. _What is a Satire?_ One that holds up the follies of men to ridicule.
174. _Is a Satire personal?_ It is not.
175. _What is a Lampoon?_ A poem that attacks individuals.
176. _What is Gesture?_ Expression given to language by movements of the body, limbs, etc.
177. _What kind of Gesture is most appropriate?_ That which is natural.
178. _What att.i.tude should be used in reading and speaking?_ Standing.
179. _Which hand should hold the book?_ The left, if possible.
180. _Should a Reader keep his eyes on the book constantly?_ He should not; but cast the eyes away from the page as often as possible.
181. _Should a gesture be made while the eyes are looking on the book?_ It should not.
182. _In what kind of language are gestures inappropriate?_ Didactic or unimpa.s.sioned discourse.
183. _Should a Speaker begin to gesticulate as soon as he begins his discourse?_ Very seldom, before he has entered fully into the discourse.
184. _How many positions are recognized for the hand when not used in gesticulating?_ Three.
185. _What are they?_ Hanging naturally at the side; resting upon the hip with the elbow thrown backward; and resting on your bosom.
186. _What are Descriptive gestures?_ Those used in describing objects.
187. _What are Significant gestures?_ Those which have special signification.
188. _Name some Significant gestures of the head._ It drops in grief and shame, and nods in a.s.sent; shakes in dissent, and leans forward in attention.
189. _Name some Significant gestures of the eyes._ Raised in prayer, weep in sorrow, burn in anger, and are cast on vacancy in thought.
190. _Name some of the pa.s.sions of the mind._ Love, anger, joy, sorrow, fear, and courage.
191. _What tone of voice should be used in the expression of Love?_ Soft, smooth, and languishing voice.
192. _What tone of voice should be used to express Anger?_ Strong, vehement, and elevated voice.
193. _Where is the best place to practice elocution and reading?_ In the open air, or in a well ventilated room.
194. _Should a Reader or Speaker pay strict attention to the rules of elocution?_ He should not, but study nature rather.
195. _What is the Soul of Oratory?_ Emotion.
196. _What is meant by the Compa.s.s of the voice?_ The range in which it can be properly controlled.
197. _How may the Compa.s.s of the voice be increased?_ By continued practice on a very low and very high key.
198. _Should a Reader or Speaker drink any liquid while exercising the voice?_ He should not, for it is injurious to the vocal chords.
199. _What effect does Tobacco have on the voice?_ It enfeebles the nervous system and breathing organs, and makes the voice dry, harsh, and ungovernable.
200. _What effect do Stimulants have on the voice?_ Irritate and inflame the vocal organs, which results in hoa.r.s.eness and produces too high a key, which terminates in a squeaking tone.
201. _In faulty articulation what sounds are usually misp.r.o.nounced?_ The vowel sounds of the unaccented syllables.