This stone was formerly at Venice, and afterwards in London, "apud Dodd chemic.u.m." Boeckh, _C.I.G._, 6990.
RELIEFS WITH RIDER AND HORSE, HEROIFIED.
In the following reliefs the deceased person is heroified, and represented as receiving libations or worship. The sepulchral serpent is frequently introduced. For a discussion of the type, see above, p.
301.
[Sidenote: =750.=]
Sepulchral relief of a warrior. In the centre of the relief is a bearded male figure, heavily armed. He wears a helmet, cuira.s.s, and greaves, and has a spear in his left hand. He stands near a trophy which consists of a helmet, cuira.s.s, and greaves attached to the trunk of a tree. On the left side of the trophy stands a female figure, pouring a libation from a jug into a cup. A serpent, coiled about the trophy, drinks from the cup. On the right of the relief is the forepart of the warrior"s horse and the head of a groom. The relief is bounded by two pilasters and an architrave.
The inscription on the upper and lower edges contains a list of names of men in the dative case, with their cities added. The persons commemorated belonged to various parts of the Peloponnesus, Northern Greece, Thrace and Macedonia. From the position of the inscription, it is plain that it is independent of the relief, and probably it is earlier.--_Brought from Greece by Mr. Topham, 1725; Presented by Sir Joseph Banks and the Hon. A. C. Fraser, 1780._
Greek marble; height, 2 feet 1-7/8 inch; width, 3 feet 8-1/2 inches. _Mus. Marbles_, II., pl. 41; Ellis, _Townley Gallery_, II., p. 157; Jahn, _De Ant. Minervae Simulacris_, p. 23, pl. 3, fig. 1; _C.I.G._, 1936; Wolters, 437.
[Sidenote: =751.=]
Mutilated relief. A horseman is mounted, to the right. He has an elaborate skin saddle-cloth, terminating with an animal"s head before the horse. Behind on the left is an attendant with a tunic worn over one shoulder (_heteromaschalos_), and with a shield. On the right are an altar and a tree, about which a serpent is entwined. An uncertain object is seen in the upper left corner of the relief. The relief is very high. The horse originally had reins of bronze.
Marble; height, 3 feet; width, 3 feet.
[Sidenote: =752.=]
Fragment of sepulchral relief? A figure was represented leading a horse to the right. Only one hand and foot, and parts of the horse remain. Before it stand three male figures on a smaller scale, each figure raising the right hand, making a gesture as of adoration. The relief was bounded by pilasters and an entablature.--_Blayds Coll._
White marble; height, 1 foot 1 inch; width, 1 foot 1 inch.
[Sidenote: =753.=]
Sepulchral relief. A youth rides on a horse, to the right, wearing a short tunic and cloak. He approaches a female figure, of a larger scale, who wears a long chiton and himation. She has an oinochoe in the right hand and a phiale in the left hand. Behind her is a bearded figure on a smaller scale with the right hand raised as in adoration.--_Aphanda, Rhodes._
Marble; height, 1 foot 5 inches; width, 2 feet. _Arch. Anzeiger_, 1854, p. 485, No. 8; _Athenische Mittheilungen_, VIII., p. 370.
[Sidenote: =754.=]
Fragment of a sepulchral relief, of a late period. A mounted horseman advances to a flaming altar. On the right of the altar is a pine tree, about which a snake is coiled. Only the head and forelegs of the horse, and the left hand of the horseman is preserved. The hand holds a double-headed axe. A dog stands below the horse.--_Ephesus._ _J. T.
Wood._
Ephesian marble; height, 1 foot 4-1/2 inches; width, 8 inches. The figure with the double-headed axe resembles that of the so-called [Greek: theos sozon] on late reliefs from Asia Minor (_Journ. of h.e.l.len. Studies_, VIII., p. 235; Roscher, _Lexicon_, p. 2564).
[Sidenote: =755.=]
Fragment of a sepulchral relief of a late period. A mounted horseman with a chiton and a cloak flying behind him stands on the left of an altar, at which a draped youth makes a libation. On the right is a tree about which a snake is coiled. The left side of the relief is wanting.--_Ephesus._ _J. T. Wood._
Ephesian marble; height, 1 foot 2 inches; width, 1 foot 5 inches.
[Sidenote: =756.=]
Fragment of a sepulchral relief, with a figure of a mounted horseman wearing a chiton and cloak. The head of the rider, and the head and hind-part of the horse are wanting.--_Ephesus._ _J. T. Wood._
Ephesian marble; height, 10 inches; width, 6-1/2 inches.
[Sidenote: =757.=]
Mounted horseman to the right. Before him stands a figure making a gesture of adoration. Above is a pediment, with rosettes. The relief is in very late rude style.
Inscribed: [Greek: ezous Apoll[oni]dou tois parag[ou]sin chairein].--_From Phanagoria._
Limestone; height, 2 feet 4-1/2 inches; width, 1 foot 2 inches.
_C.I.G._, 2129; _Greek Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, CCVI.; Latyschev, II., 378.
CASTS OF LYCIAN SEPULCHRAL RELIEFS.
The following casts are derived from Lycian rock-cut tombs, discovered by Sir C. Fellows. Tombs of the normal type have a facade with architecture imitating wooden construction. Behind the facade is a vestibule, or portico, often adorned with reliefs on each side. At the back is the door of the actual sepulchral chamber. Nos. 760-764 are derived from tombs of this type.
[Sidenote: =760.=]
Cast of relief from the east or left side of the portico of a rock-cut tomb. Bellerophon mounted on Pegasos appears to be thrusting as with a spear at the Chimaera which is roughly indicated in the right-hand lower corner of the relief. Pegasos has the mane tied in a topknot between the ears, as in the relief from Xanthos, No. 86. The cast is painted in imitation of the original.--_Tlos._
Height, 3 feet 6-1/2 inches; width, 3 feet 7-3/4 inches. Fellows, _Lycia_, p. 136 and plate. For general view of the tomb, see Benndorf, _Reisen in Lykien_, I., p. 139, and pl. 42 (on the right).
[Sidenote: =761-4.=]
Casts of reliefs from the sides of the portico of a rock-cut tomb at _Pinara_. The outside of the tomb has an elaborate facade with sculptured pediment, frieze, and other ornaments. (For general view, see Fellows, _Lycia_, pl. facing p. 141, and Benndorf, _Reisen in Lykien_, I., pl. 19.) Within the portico, on each side, projecting beam ends divide the sculpture into two panels. Each of the four reliefs represents a view of a Lycian city, but there is no proof that they are four different views of the city of Pinara, as Fellows thought (_Lycia_, p. 141).
[Sidenote: =761.=]
Cast of the upper relief on the left or west side of the portico.
View of part of a city on a hill, with castellated walls. Within are towers, with windows and connected by a wall, on which is a relief of three male figures.
Height, 3 feet 1/2 inch; width, 4 feet 2-1/4 inches.
[Sidenote: =762.=]
Cast of the lower relief on the left or west side of the portico.
View of part of a city on a hill with castellated walls and turrets, a large pylon (?) and several tombs of forms well known in Lycia. In the lower wall is a relief, with a draped and bearded man leaning on a staff and addressing a smaller figure. For the triangular arch openings in the wall, compare Dodwell, _Pelasgic Remains_, pl. 27, view of walls of a city near Mesolonghi.
Height, 2 feet 10 inches; width, 4 feet 2-1/2 inches.
[Sidenote: =763.=]
Cast of the upper relief on the right or east side of the portico.