his first criminal case Harry E. Pratt, "Abraham Lincoln"s First Murder Trial," Harry E. Pratt, "Abraham Lincoln"s First Murder Trial," JISHS JISHS 37 (September 1944): 242-49; and John J. Duff, 37 (September 1944): 242-49; and John J. Duff, A. Lincoln: Prairie Lawyer A. Lincoln: Prairie Lawyer (New York: Rinehart, 1960), 53-61. (New York: Rinehart, 1960), 53-61.
entrusted with the closing argument Pratt, "Abraham Lincoln"s First Murder Trial," 247. Criminal cases would represent only 5.6 percent of the cases in Lincoln"s law practice; of these, murder represented only 9 percent, LEGAL, 2:338-39. Pratt, "Abraham Lincoln"s First Murder Trial," 247. Criminal cases would represent only 5.6 percent of the cases in Lincoln"s law practice; of these, murder represented only 9 percent, LEGAL, 2:338-39.
"I have received five dollars" Fee Book of Stuart and Lincoln, ALPLM. Fee Book of Stuart and Lincoln, ALPLM.
contest between Stuart and Douglas Johannsen, Johannsen, Douglas, Douglas, 63-68. 63-68.
"Commencement of Lincoln"s administration" Fee Book of Stuart and Lincoln, ALPLM. Fee Book of Stuart and Lincoln, ALPLM.
"The rooms were generally crowded" James C. Conkling, "Recollections of the Bench and Bar of Central Illinois," James C. Conkling, "Recollections of the Bench and Bar of Central Illinois," Fergus Historical Series Fergus Historical Series 22 (Chicago: Fergus Printing Company, 1882), 51-53. 22 (Chicago: Fergus Printing Company, 1882), 51-53.
Speed was born Speed, Speed, Reminiscences, Reminiscences, 3-4. 3-4.
"almost without friends" Ibid., 23.
"I"ve never been" AL to Mary S. Owens, May 7, 1837, AL to Mary S. Owens, May 7, 1837, CW, CW, 1:78. 1:78.
"choice spirits," Speed, Speed, Reminiscences, Reminiscences, 4. 4.
"We find ourselves" AL, "Address Before the Young Men"s Lyceum of Springfield, Illinois," January 27, 1838, AL, "Address Before the Young Men"s Lyceum of Springfield, Illinois," January 27, 1838, CW, CW, 1:108. This speech has captivated historians in search of the ideas of the young Lincoln. See Thomas F. Schwartz, "The Springfield Lyceums and Lincoln"s 1838 Speech," 1:108. This speech has captivated historians in search of the ideas of the young Lincoln. See Thomas F. Schwartz, "The Springfield Lyceums and Lincoln"s 1838 Speech," Illinois Historical Journal Illinois Historical Journal 83 (1990): 41-49; and Mark E. Neeley, Jr., "Lincoln"s Lyceum Speech and the Origins of a Modern Myth," 83 (1990): 41-49; and Mark E. Neeley, Jr., "Lincoln"s Lyceum Speech and the Origins of a Modern Myth," Lincoln Lore Lincoln Lore (1987), 1776 (February 1987), 1-3, 1777 (March 1987), 1. (1987), 1776 (February 1987), 1-3, 1777 (March 1987), 1.
"mobocratic spirit" AL, "Address Before the Young Men"s Lyceum," 109, 111. AL, "Address Before the Young Men"s Lyceum," 109, 111.
immediate occasion of the address See Paul Simon, See Paul Simon, Freedom"s Champion: Elijah Lovejoj Freedom"s Champion: Elijah Lovejoj (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1994). (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1994).
"some transatlantic military giant" AL, "Address Before the Young Men"s Lyceum," 109. AL, "Address Before the Young Men"s Lyceum," 109.
"his own course" "Remarks in Illinois Legislature Concerning Resolutions Asking Information on Railroad and Fund Commissioners," December 8, 1838, "Remarks in Illinois Legislature Concerning Resolutions Asking Information on Railroad and Fund Commissioners," December 8, 1838, CW, CW, 1:122-23. 1:122-23.
"We are now so far advanced" "Report and Resolutions Introduced in Illinois Legislature in Relation to Purchase of Public Lands," January 17, 1839, "Report and Resolutions Introduced in Illinois Legislature in Relation to Purchase of Public Lands," January 17, 1839, CW, CW, 1:135. 1:135.
accused Lincoln Illinois State Register, Illinois State Register, November 23, 1839. November 23, 1839.
"He was conscious" Joseph Gillespie to WHH, January 31, 1866, Joseph Gillespie to WHH, January 31, 1866, HI, HI, 181. 181.
"peculiarly embarra.s.sing" AL, "Speech on the Sub-Treasury," December [26], 1839, AL, "Speech on the Sub-Treasury," December [26], 1839, CW, CW, 1:159. 1:159.
"Manyfree countries" Ibid., Ibid., 178. 178.
"fearlessly and eloquently exposing" Peoria Register, Peoria Register, February 15, 1840. February 15, 1840.
"appoint one person" "Lincoln"s Plan of Campaign in 1840," [ca. January 1840], "Lincoln"s Plan of Campaign in 1840," [ca. January 1840], CW, CW, 1:180-81. 1:180-81.
"Our intention is" "Campaign Circular from Whig Committee," January [31?], 1840, "Campaign Circular from Whig Committee," January [31?], 1840, CW, CW, 1:201-3. 1:201-3.
whirlwind speaking campaign Simon, Simon, Lincoln"s Preparation for Greatness, Lincoln"s Preparation for Greatness, 216-17. 216-17.
extolled the Second Bank Alton Telegraph, Alton Telegraph, April 11, 1840. April 11, 1840.
"have not been able" Quincy Whig, Quincy Whig, May 25, 1840. May 25, 1840.
"listened to" Illinois State Register, Illinois State Register, October 16, 1840. October 16, 1840.
"reviewed the political course" Sangamo Journal, Sangamo Journal, May 15, 1840. May 15, 1840.
became antagonistic Wilson, Wilson, Honor"s Voice, Honor"s Voice, 206-9. 206-9.
"He imitated Thomas" HL, HL, 130. 130.
"the skinning of Thomas" Ibid., 130. Ibid., 130.
the 1840 presidential election Richard P. McCormick, "New Perspectives on Jacksonian Politics," Richard P. McCormick, "New Perspectives on Jacksonian Politics," American Historical Review American Historical Review 65 (1960), 288-301. 65 (1960), 288-301.
the most esteemed jurist Duff, Duff, A. Lincoln, A. Lincoln, 79. 79.
95 had gone head-to-head had gone head-to-head Albert A. Woldman, Albert A. Woldman, Lawyer Lincoln Lawyer Lincoln (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1936), 39. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1936), 39.95 "justnow" "justnow" AL, "Temperance Address," February 22, 1842, AL, "Temperance Address," February 22, 1842, CW, CW, 1:271-72. 1:271-72.
"But," say some, Ibid., 275, 278. Ibid., 275, 278.
CHAPTER 7. 7. A Matter of Profound Wonder: 1831-42 A Matter of Profound Wonder: 1831-42 "He was not very fond" Sarah Bush Lincoln (WHH interview), September 8, 1865, Hi, 108. Sarah Bush Lincoln (WHH interview), September 8, 1865, Hi, 108.
"did not go much" Anna Caroline Gentry (WHH interview), September 17, Anna Caroline Gentry (WHH interview), September 17, HI, HI, 131. 131.
"Lincoln loved my Mother" Elizabeth Herndon Bell (WHH interview), [March 1887?], Hi, 606. Elizabeth Herndon Bell (WHH interview), [March 1887?], Hi, 606.
"Abe"s son" Hannah Armstrong (WHH interview), [1865-66], Hannah Armstrong (WHH interview), [1865-66], HI, HI, 527. 527.
court the young Ann Rutledge In the first half of the twentieth century, several leading Lincoln scholars attacked the legitimacy of the Ann Rutledge story. For recent evaluations, see John Evangelist Walsh, In the first half of the twentieth century, several leading Lincoln scholars attacked the legitimacy of the Ann Rutledge story. For recent evaluations, see John Evangelist Walsh, The Shadows Rise: Abraham Lincoln and the Ann Rutledge Legend The Shadows Rise: Abraham Lincoln and the Ann Rutledge Legend (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1993); and Douglas L. Wilson, (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1993); and Douglas L. Wilson, Lincoln Before Washington: New Perspectives on the Illinois Years Lincoln Before Washington: New Perspectives on the Illinois Years (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1997), 74-98. (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1997), 74-98.
"a young lady" William G. Greene to WHH (interview), May 30, 1865, William G. Greene to WHH (interview), May 30, 1865, HI, HI, 21. 21.
"My sister was" Robert B. Rutledge to WHH, [ca. November 1, 1866], Robert B. Rutledge to WHH, [ca. November 1, 1866], HI, HI, 383. 383.
"became deeply in love" James McGrady Rutledge (WHH interview), [March 1887], Hi, 607-8. James McGrady Rutledge (WHH interview), [March 1887], Hi, 607-8.
"Had she lived" Fern Nance Pond, ed., "Lhe Memoirs of James McGrady Rutledge 1814-1899," Fern Nance Pond, ed., "Lhe Memoirs of James McGrady Rutledge 1814-1899," JISHS JISHS 29 (April 1936): 80-88. 29 (April 1936): 80-88.
"It was a great shock" Elizabeth Abell to WHH, February 15, 1867, Elizabeth Abell to WHH, February 15, 1867, HI, HI, 556-57. 556-57.
"The effect upon" Robert B. Rutledge to WHH, [ca. November 1, 1866], Robert B. Rutledge to WHH, [ca. November 1, 1866], HI, HI, 382. 382.
"The other gentlemen" Mary Owens Vineyard to WHH, July 22, 1866, Mary Owens Vineyard to WHH, July 22, 1866, HI, HI, 262. 262.
"With otherthings" AL to Mary S. Owens, December 13, 1836, AL to Mary S. Owens, December 13, 1836, CW, CW, 1:54. 1:54.
"This thing of living" AL to Mary S. Owens, May 7, 1837, AL to Mary S. Owens, May 7, 1837, CW, CW, 1:78. 1:78.
"I want in all cases" AL to Mary S. Owens, August 16, 1837, AL to Mary S. Owens, August 16, 1837, CW, CW, 1:94-95. 1:94-95.
"for her skin" AL to Mrs. Orville H. Browning, April 1, 1838, AL to Mrs. Orville H. Browning, April 1, 1838, CW, CW, 1:117-19. 1:117-19.
"deficient in those little links" Mary Owens Vineyard to WHH, May 23, Mary Owens Vineyard to WHH, May 23, 1866, Hi, Hi, 256. 256.
had helped settle Stephen Berry, Stephen Berry, House of Abraham: Lincoln and the Todds, a Family Divided by War House of Abraham: Lincoln and the Todds, a Family Divided by War (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2007), 6-8. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2007), 6-8.
Mary, their fourth child Catherine Clinton, Catherine Clinton, Mrs. Lincoln: A Life, Mrs. Lincoln: A Life, forthcoming. forthcoming.
her father married Ibid. Ibid.
"Mary was far in advance" Katherine Helm, Katherine Helm, The True Story of Mary, Wife of Lincoln The True Story of Mary, Wife of Lincoln (New York: Harper, 1928), 21. (New York: Harper, 1928), 21.
she spoke up Baker, Baker, Mary Todd Lincoln, Mary Todd Lincoln, 60. 60.
observed slave auctions Ibid., 68. Ibid., 68.
"her temper and tongue" Clinton, Clinton, Mrs. Lincoln: A Life, Mrs. Lincoln: A Life, forthcoming. forthcoming.
"the very creature" James C. Conkling to Mercy Ann Levering, September 21, 1840, ALPLM. James C. Conkling to Mercy Ann Levering, September 21, 1840, ALPLM.
"Mary could make" Helm, Helm, True Story of Mary, Wife of Lincoln, True Story of Mary, Wife of Lincoln, 81. 81.
Mary"s clearest friend Baker, Baker, Mary Todd Lincoln, Mary Todd Lincoln, 80-82. 80-82.
"a widower" Mary Todd to Mercy Ann Levering, December [15?], 1840, and June 1841, MTL, 20,26. Mary Todd to Mercy Ann Levering, December [15?], 1840, and June 1841, MTL, 20,26.
"And he certainly did" Helm, Helm, True Story of Mary, Wife of Lincoln, True Story of Mary, Wife of Lincoln, 74. 74.
"Maryled" Elizabeth Todd Edwards (WHH interview), [1865-66], Hi, 443. Elizabeth Todd Edwards (WHH interview), [1865-66], Hi, 443.
"This fall I became" Mary Todd to Mercy Ann Levering, December [15?], 1840, Mary Todd to Mercy Ann Levering, December [15?], 1840, MTL, MTL, 13,21. 13,21.
many young men of his time Baker, Baker, Mary Todd Lincoln, Mary Todd Lincoln, puts Lincoln"s questions and doubts in the context of his time. puts Lincoln"s questions and doubts in the context of his time.
"I warned Mary" Baker, Baker, Mary Todd Lincoln, Mary Todd Lincoln, 89. 89.
s.e.xually segregated Victorian society Karen Lystra, Karen Lystra, Searching the Heart: Women, Men, and Romantic Love in Nineteenth-Century America Searching the Heart: Women, Men, and Romantic Love in Nineteenth-Century America (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989), 157, 179. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989), 157, 179.
"a great sharpener" Junior Theocritus (pseudonym), Junior Theocritus (pseudonym), Didionary of Love Didionary of Love (New York: d.i.c.k and Fitzgerald, 1858), cited in Lystra, (New York: d.i.c.k and Fitzgerald, 1858), cited in Lystra, Searching the Heart, Searching the Heart, 179. 179.
relationship advanced Baker, Baker, Mary Todd Lincoln, Mary Todd Lincoln, 85. 85.
their relationship suddenly fell apart For an a.n.a.lysis of the multiple strands of the breaking of the engagement, see "Abraham Lincoln and "That Fatal First of January," " in Wilson, For an a.n.a.lysis of the multiple strands of the breaking of the engagement, see "Abraham Lincoln and "That Fatal First of January," " in Wilson, Lincoln Before Washington, Lincoln Before Washington, 99-132. 99-132.
"a most interesting" Mary Todd to Mercy Ann Levering, December [15] 1840, Mary Todd to Mercy Ann Levering, December [15] 1840, MTL, MTL, 20. 20.
"went to see "Mary" " Joshua F. Speed (WHH interview), [1865-66], " Joshua F. Speed (WHH interview), [1865-66], HI, HI, 475. 475.
January 2,1841 Day by Day, Day by Day, 1: 1:151.
"emaciated in appearance" James C. Conkling to Mercy Ann Levering, January 24, 1841, ALPLM. James C. Conkling to Mercy Ann Levering, January 24, 1841, ALPLM.
"I am now" AL to John T. Stuart, January 23, 1841, AL to John T. Stuart, January 23, 1841, CW, CW, 1:229. 1:229.
"[Lincoln] deems me" MTL, MTL, 159. 159.
an odd allusion Baker, Baker, Mary Todd Lincoln, Mary Todd Lincoln, 91. 91.
"Shields is a fool" "The "Rebecca" Letter," "The "Rebecca" Letter," Sangamo Journal, Sangamo Journal, September 2, 1842, September 2, 1842, CW, CW, 1:295. 1:295.
the dueling ground For a vivid account of the duel, see James E. Myers, For a vivid account of the duel, see James E. Myers, The Astonishing Saber Duel of Abraham Lincoln The Astonishing Saber Duel of Abraham Lincoln (Springfield, 111.: Lincoln-Herndon Building Publishers, 1968). (Springfield, 111.: Lincoln-Herndon Building Publishers, 1968).
"Are you now" AL to Joshua Speed, October 5, 1842, AL to Joshua Speed, October 5, 1842, CW, CW, 1:302-3. 1:302-3.
"One thing is plainly discernable" Joshua F. Speed to WHH, November 30, 1866, Hi, 431. Joshua F. Speed to WHH, November 30, 1866, Hi, 431.
they intended to marry Clinton, Clinton, Mrs. Lincoln, Mrs. Lincoln, 68-70. 68-70.
"With this ring" William Jayne to WHH, August 17, 1887, William Jayne to WHH, August 17, 1887, HI, HI, 624. Reports of the wedding, most given many years after, vary about what took place on that day and evening. 624. Reports of the wedding, most given many years after, vary about what took place on that day and evening.
"Nothing new here" AL to Samuel D. Marshall, November 11, 1842, AL to Samuel D. Marshall, November 11, 1842, CW, CW, 1:305. 1:305.
CHAPTER 8. 8. The Truth Is, I Would Like to Go Very Much: 1843-46 The Truth Is, I Would Like to Go Very Much: 1843-46 Baker, two years younger Harry C. Blair and Rebecca Tarshis, Harry C. Blair and Rebecca Tarshis, The Life of Colonel Edward D. Baker, Lincoln"s Constant Ally, Together with Four of His Great Orations The Life of Colonel Edward D. Baker, Lincoln"s Constant Ally, Together with Four of His Great Orations (Portland: Oregon Historical Society, 1960); and Winfred Ernest Garrison, (Portland: Oregon Historical Society, 1960); and Winfred Ernest Garrison, Religion Follows the Frontier: A History of the Disciples of Christ Religion Follows the Frontier: A History of the Disciples of Christ (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1931). (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1931).
"Now if you should hear" AL to Richard S. Thomas, February 14, 1843, AL to Richard S. Thomas, February 14, 1843, CW, CW, 1:307. 1:307.
"that great fabulist" Campaign Circular from Whig Committee, March 4, 1843, Campaign Circular from Whig Committee, March 4, 1843, CW, CW, 1:309-18. 1:309-18.
"It would astonish" AL to Martin S. Morris, March 26, 1843, AL to Martin S. Morris, March 26, 1843, CW, CW, 1:320. 1:320.
"There was the strangest" Ibid.
"I only mean" Ibid.
"In getting Baker" AL to Joshua Speed, March 24, 1843, AL to Joshua Speed, March 24, 1843, CW, CW, 1:270. 1:270.
"a suitable person" "Resolution Adopted at Whig Convention at Pekin, Illinois," May 1, 1843, "Resolution Adopted at Whig Convention at Pekin, Illinois," May 1, 1843, CW, CW, 1:322. 1:322.
"whether the Whigs" AL to John AL to John J. J. Hardin, May 11, 1843, Hardin, May 11, 1843, CW, CW, 1:322-23. 1:322-23.
Lincoln voted Thomas, Thomas, Abraham Lincoln, Abraham Lincoln, 104. 104.
started their married life Clinton, Clinton, Mrs. Lincoln, Mrs. Lincoln, 70-73; and Daniel Mark Epstein, 70-73; and Daniel Mark Epstein, The Lincolns: Portrait of a Marriage The Lincolns: Portrait of a Marriage (New York: Ballantine Books, 2008), 54-55. (New York: Ballantine Books, 2008), 54-55.
Abraham and Mary purchased "Sale Contract by Charles Dresser and Abraham Lincoln," January 16, 1844, "Sale Contract by Charles Dresser and Abraham Lincoln," January 16, 1844, CW, CW, 1:331. 1:331.