"Do the people of the South" AL to Alexander H. Stephens, December 22, 1860, AL to Alexander H. Stephens, December 22, 1860, CW, CW, 4:160. 4:160.
"In addressing you thus" Alexander H. Stephens to AL, December 30, 1860, Alexander H. Stephens to AL, December 30, 1860, CW, CW, 4:160-61 n.l. 4:160-61 n.l.
"frequent allusion" "Editorial in the "Editorial in the Illinois State Journal, " Illinois State Journal, " December 12, 1860, December 12, 1860, CW, CW, 4:150. 4:150.
"While Mr. Lincoln" Weed, Weed, Autobiography, Autobiography, 606-11. 606-11.
"For one politically" John A. Gilmer to AL, December 10, 1860, ALPLC. John A. Gilmer to AL, December 10, 1860, ALPLC.
"May I be pardoned" AL to John A. Gilmer, December 15, AL to John A. Gilmer, December 15, CW, CW, 4:151-53. 4:151-53.
"consent to take" AL to William H. Seward, January 12, 1861, AL to William H. Seward, January 12, 1861, CW, A-.Y13. CW, A-.Y13.
"But why do you a.s.sume" Weed, Weed, Autobiography, Autobiography, 610. 610.
offered compromise legislation Albert Dennis Kirwan, Albert Dennis Kirwan, John J. Crittenden: The Struggle for the Union John J. Crittenden: The Struggle for the Union (Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1962), 373ff. (Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1962), 373ff.
"The secession feeling" Elihu Washburne to AL, December 9, 1860, ALPLC. Elihu Washburne to AL, December 9, 1860, ALPLC.
"Let there be no compromise" AL to Lyman Trumbull, December 10, 1860, AL to Lyman Trumbull, December 10, 1860, CW, CW, 4:149-50. 4:149-50.
"Prevent, as far as possible" AL to Elihu B. Washburne, December 13, 1860, AL to Elihu B. Washburne, December 13, 1860, CW, CW, 4:151. 4:151.
"The election of Lincoln" Robert S. Harper, Robert S. Harper, Lincoln and the Press Lincoln and the Press (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1951), 67-70. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1951), 67-70.
"If she violates" Illinois State Journal, Illinois State Journal, December 20, 1860. December 20, 1860.
begun his research Amy Louise Sutton, "Lincoln and Son Borrow Books," Amy Louise Sutton, "Lincoln and Son Borrow Books," Illinois Libraries, Illinois Libraries, June 1966, 443-44. June 1966, 443-44.
accepted an invitation Harry E. Pratt, Harry E. Pratt, Lincoln"s Springfield Lincoln"s Springfield (Springfield: Illinois State Historical Society, 1955), 12; Harry B. Rankin, (Springfield: Illinois State Historical Society, 1955), 12; Harry B. Rankin, Intimate Character Sketches of Abraham Lincoln Intimate Character Sketches of Abraham Lincoln (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott and Company, 1924), 146-47. (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott and Company, 1924), 146-47.
copies of two speeches HL, HL, 287. 287.
Clay"s memorable speech AL, "Eulogy on Henry Clay," July 6, 1852, AL, "Eulogy on Henry Clay," July 6, 1852, CW, CW, 2:126; Remini, 2:126; Remini, Henry Clay, Henry Clay, 733-38. 733-38.
she feared Sarah Bush Lincoln elaborated on these sentiments in her interview with William Herndon on September 8, 1865. "I did not want Abe to run for Presdt-did not want him Elected-was afraid Somehow or other-felt it in my heart that Something would happen to him and when he came down to see me after he was Elected Presdt I still felt that Something told me that Something would befall Abe and that I should see him no more." Sarah Bush Lincoln elaborated on these sentiments in her interview with William Herndon on September 8, 1865. "I did not want Abe to run for Presdt-did not want him Elected-was afraid Somehow or other-felt it in my heart that Something would happen to him and when he came down to see me after he was Elected Presdt I still felt that Something told me that Something would befall Abe and that I should see him no more." HI, HI, 108. 108.
"Let it hang there" HL, 290. HL, 290.
"The Presidentelect" New York Tribune, New York Tribune, February 11, 1861. February 11, 1861.
"face was pale" Villard, Villard, Memoirs, Memoirs, 1:149. 1:149.
"My friends-No one" AL, "Farewell Address at Springfield, Illinois," February 11, 1861, AL, "Farewell Address at Springfield, Illinois," February 11, 1861, CW, CW, 4:190. 4:190.
"silent artillery of time" AL, "Address Before the Young Men"s Lyceum of Springfield, Illinois," January 27, 1836, AL, "Address Before the Young Men"s Lyceum of Springfield, Illinois," January 27, 1836, CW, CW, I, I, 115. 115.
capacity to connect New New York Tribune, York Tribune, February 12, 1861. February 12, 1861.
"We will do it" Harper"s Harper"s Weekly, Weekly, February 23, 1861, 119. February 23, 1861, 119.
"Many eyes" eyes" James C. Conkling to Clinton Conkling, February 12, 1861, in Pratt, James C. Conkling to Clinton Conkling, February 12, 1861, in Pratt, Lincoln"s Springfield, Lincoln"s Springfield, 50. 50.
"We have known Mr. Lincoln" Illinois State Journal, Illinois State Journal, February 12, 1861. February 12, 1861.
The twelve-day trip Much of the detail of the journey to Washington is taken from local newspapers. The standard account of the train trip to Washington is Victor Searcher, Much of the detail of the journey to Washington is taken from local newspapers. The standard account of the train trip to Washington is Victor Searcher, Lincoln s Journey to Greatness: A Factual Account of the Twelve-Day Inaugural Trip Lincoln s Journey to Greatness: A Factual Account of the Twelve-Day Inaugural Trip (Philadelphia: John C. Winston Company, 1960), but it contains no footnotes. Harold Holzer"s new book, (Philadelphia: John C. Winston Company, 1960), but it contains no footnotes. Harold Holzer"s new book, Lincoln President-Elect: Abraham Lincoln and the Great Secession Winter Lincoln President-Elect: Abraham Lincoln and the Great Secession Winter (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2008) challenges the traditional story of a weak and vacillating Lincoln in the four months between his election and inauguration and instead shows his political dexterity in facing the emerging crisis. (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2008) challenges the traditional story of a weak and vacillating Lincoln in the four months between his election and inauguration and instead shows his political dexterity in facing the emerging crisis.
"I therefore renew" William H. Seward to AL, December 29, 1860, quoted in William H. Seward to AL, December 29, 1860, quoted in CW, CW, 4:170 n. 1. The letter, highly secret, was unsigned; Nicolay and Hay, 3:289. 4:170 n. 1. The letter, highly secret, was unsigned; Nicolay and Hay, 3:289.
carried by boat The description of Jefferson Davis"s train trip can be found in William Cooper, The description of Jefferson Davis"s train trip can be found in William Cooper, Jefferson Davis, American Jefferson Davis, American (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000), 328-29; and William C. Davis, (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000), 328-29; and William C. Davis, Jefferson Davis: The Man and His Hour Jefferson Davis: The Man and His Hour (New York: Harper Collins, 1991), 304-6; (New York: Harper Collins, 1991), 304-6; New York Times, New York Times, February 11, 1861. February 11, 1861.
"I do not expect" AL, "Reply to Oliver P. Morton at Indianapolis, Indiana," February 11, 1861, AL, "Reply to Oliver P. Morton at Indianapolis, Indiana," February 11, 1861, CW, CW, 4:193. 4:193.
"temporary" and "for a limited" Ibid.
left the oilcloth bag Searcher, Searcher, Lincoln"s Journey, Lincoln"s Journey, 29-31. 29-31.
"All the power" This copy, with Browning"s comment, is in the Huntington Library, San Marino, California. This copy, with Browning"s comment, is in the Huntington Library, San Marino, California.
"occupied every available" New Orleans Daily Delta, New Orleans Daily Delta, February 14, 17, 1861. February 14, 17, 1861.
"with stern serenity" Papers of Jefferson Davis, Papers of Jefferson Davis, ed. Lynda La.s.swell Crist and Mary Seaton Dix (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1992), 7:38,41. ed. Lynda La.s.swell Crist and Mary Seaton Dix (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1992), 7:38,41.
"go forward" Davis, Jefferson Davis, Davis, Jefferson Davis, 304-5. 304-5.
"I have not maintained" AL, "Address to the Ohio legislature, Columbus, Ohio," February 13, 1861, AL, "Address to the Ohio legislature, Columbus, Ohio," February 13, 1861, CW, CW, 4:204. 4:204.
"England will recognize" Memphis Daily Appeal, Memphis Daily Appeal, February 19, 1861, quoted in February 19, 1861, quoted in Papers of Jefferson Davis, Papers of Jefferson Davis, 7:42-43. 7:42-43.
"The tariff is" AL, "Speech at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania," February 15, 1861, AL, "Speech at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania," February 15, 1861, CW, CW, 4:211-12. 4:211-12.
"the least creditable" Villard, Villard, Memoirs, Memoirs, 1:152. 1:152.
"Frequent allusion" AL, "Speech at Cleveland, Ohio," February 15, 1861, AL, "Speech at Cleveland, Ohio," February 15, 1861, CW, CW, 4:215. 4:215.
"These speeches thus far" Paul Revere Frothingham, Paul Revere Frothingham, Edward Everett: Orator and Statesman Edward Everett: Orator and Statesman (Port Washington, N.Y.: Kennikat Press, 1925), 415. (Port Washington, N.Y.: Kennikat Press, 1925), 415.
"let his whiskers" AL, "Remarks at Westfield, New York," February 16, AL, "Remarks at Westfield, New York," February 16, CW, CW, 4:219. 4:219.
"We Will Pray" Searcher, Searcher, Lincoln"s Journey, Lincoln"s Journey, 129. 129.
"its systematic aggression" Atlanta Intelligencer, Atlanta Intelligencer, February 18, 1861; February 18, 1861; Papers of Jefferson Davis, Papers of Jefferson Davis, 7:44-45. 7:44-45.
of the same speech New York Tribune, New York Tribune, March 5, 1861. March 5, 1861.
Looking forward to Jefferson Davis, "Inaugural Address," February 18, 1861, Jefferson Davis, "Inaugural Address," February 18, 1861, Papers of Jefferson Davis, Papers of Jefferson Davis, 7:45-50. 7:45-50.
I had, had, I I say say Walt Whitman, Walt Whitman, Prose Works 1892, Prose Works 1892, ed. Floyd Stovall (New York: New York University Press, 1963-64), 2:499-501. ed. Floyd Stovall (New York: New York University Press, 1963-64), 2:499-501.
"Many an a.s.sa.s.sin"s" The Complete Writings of Walt Whitman, The Complete Writings of Walt Whitman, ed. Richard Maurice Bucke, Thomas B. Harned, and Horace L. Traubel (New York: G. P. Putnam"s Sons, 1902), 15:243-44. ed. Richard Maurice Bucke, Thomas B. Harned, and Horace L. Traubel (New York: G. P. Putnam"s Sons, 1902), 15:243-44.
"Lincoln is making" Strong, Strong, Diary, Diary, February 18, 1861, 3:100. February 18, 1861, 3:100.
"the great rail-splitter"s face" Ibid., 101. 101.
"He approaches the capital" "Lincoln and His Wayside Speeches," "Lincoln and His Wayside Speeches," Baltimore Sun, Baltimore Sun, reprinted in the reprinted in the Crisis Crisis (Columbus, Ohio), February 21, 1861. (Columbus, Ohio), February 21, 1861.
"The wiseacres" Chicago Tribune, Chicago Tribune, February 21, 1861. February 21, 1861.
some pro-Lincoln editors Stephen G. Weisner, Stephen G. Weisner, Embattled Editor: The Life of Samuel Bowles Embattled Editor: The Life of Samuel Bowles (Lanham, Md.: University Press of America, 1986), 27. (Lanham, Md.: University Press of America, 1986), 27.
"Lincoln is a "simple Susan" " George Merriam, " George Merriam, The Life and Times of Samuel Bowles The Life and Times of Samuel Bowles (New York: The Century Company, 1885), 1:318. (New York: The Century Company, 1885), 1:318.
"[Lincoln"s speeches]" Charles Francis Adams Diary, February 20, 1861, cited in Martin B. Duberman, Charles Francis Adams Diary, February 20, 1861, cited in Martin B. Duberman, Charles Francis Adams, 1807-1886 Charles Francis Adams, 1807-1886 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1961), 253-54. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1961), 253-54.
"struggles for" AL, "Address to the New Jersey Senate at Trenton, New Jersey," February 21, 1861, AL, "Address to the New Jersey Senate at Trenton, New Jersey," February 21, 1861, CW, CW, 4:235. 4:235.
"I shall be most happy" Ibid., 236. 236.
"All my political" AL, "Reply to Mayor Alexander Henry at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania," February 21, 1861, AL, "Reply to Mayor Alexander Henry at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania," February 21, 1861, CW, CW, 4:238-39; Psalms 137:5-6. 4:238-39; Psalms 137:5-6.
"I have never had" AL, "Speech in Independence Hall, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania," February 22, 1861, AL, "Speech in Independence Hall, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania," February 22, 1861, CW, CW, 4:240. 4:240.
"I would rather be a.s.sa.s.sinated" Ibid.
"could not lay straight" Norma B. Cuthbert, ed., Norma B. Cuthbert, ed., Lincoln and the Baltimore Plot, 1861 Lincoln and the Baltimore Plot, 1861 (San Marino, Calif.: Huntington Library, 1949), xx, 80-81. (San Marino, Calif.: Huntington Library, 1949), xx, 80-81.
CHAPTER 17. 17. We Must Not Be Enemies: February 1861-April 1861 We Must Not Be Enemies: February 1861-April 1861 the plot to smuggle the president Cuthbert, Cuthbert, Lincoln and the Baltimore Plot, Lincoln and the Baltimore Plot, utilizes the Pinkerton doc.u.ments, including his record book, at the Huntington Library, 15-16, 82. utilizes the Pinkerton doc.u.ments, including his record book, at the Huntington Library, 15-16, 82.
Seward informed Lincoln Charles Francis Adams, 1835-1915: An Autobiography Charles Francis Adams, 1835-1915: An Autobiography (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1916), 64. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1916), 64.
"This surrept.i.tious nocturnal" Strong, Strong, Diary, Diary, February 23, 1861, 3:102. February 23, 1861, 3:102.
"He reached the Capital" Dougla.s.s" Monthly, Dougla.s.s" Monthly, April 1861, in April 1861, in The Life and Writings of Frederick Dougla.s.s, The Life and Writings of Frederick Dougla.s.s, vol. 3, vol. 3, The Civil War, 1861-1865, The Civil War, 1861-1865, ed. Philip S. Foner (New York: International Publishers, 1952), 71. ed. Philip S. Foner (New York: International Publishers, 1952), 71.
speak with Senator Stephen Douglas Johannsen, Johannsen, Douglas, Douglas, 840-41. 840-41.
"He is very cordial" William H. Seward to Frances Seward, February 23, 1861, Seward, William H. Seward to Frances Seward, February 23, 1861, Seward, Seward at Washington, Seward at Washington, 511. 511.
"Your case is quite like" William H. Seward to AL, February 24, 1861, in Nicolay and Hay, 3:312-20. William H. Seward to AL, February 24, 1861, in Nicolay and Hay, 3:312-20.
"You are about to a.s.sume" Francis P. Blair to AL, January 14, 1861, ALPLC. Francis P. Blair to AL, January 14, 1861, ALPLC.
"A host of ravenous partisans" Muriel Burnitt, ed., "Two Ma.n.u.scripts of Gideon Welles," Muriel Burnitt, ed., "Two Ma.n.u.scripts of Gideon Welles," The New England Quarterly 11, The New England Quarterly 11, no. 3 (September 1938): 594. no. 3 (September 1938): 594.
"It was bad enough" Villard, Villard, Memoirs, Memoirs, 1:156. 1:156.
"When you were brought forward" AL to Schuyler Colfax, March 8, 1861, ALPLC. AL to Schuyler Colfax, March 8, 1861, ALPLC.
"Circ.u.mstances which have occurred" William H. Seward to AL, March 2, ALPLC. William H. Seward to AL, March 2, ALPLC.
"I can"t afford" John G. Nicolay, John G. Nicolay, An Oral History of Abraham Lincoln: John An Oral History of Abraham Lincoln: John G. G. Nicolay"s Interviews and Essays, Nicolay"s Interviews and Essays, ed. Michael Burlingame (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1996), 154. ed. Michael Burlingame (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1996), 154.
"I feel constrained" AL to William Seward, March 4, 1861, AL to William Seward, March 4, 1861, CW, CW, 4:273. 4:273.
"had a long and confidential" William H. Seward to AL, March 5, 1861, ALPLC. William H. Seward to AL, March 5, 1861, ALPLC.
"more intent on the distribution" Charles Francis Adams, Charles Francis Adams, Autobiography, Autobiography, 126. 126.
"was accused of wasting" Burnitt, "Two Ma.n.u.scripts of Gideon Welles," 594. Burnitt, "Two Ma.n.u.scripts of Gideon Welles," 594.
"appeared pale" Philip Shriver Klein, Philip Shriver Klein, President James Buchanan: A Biography President James Buchanan: A Biography (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1962), 402. (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1962), 402.
"If you are as happy" Jean H. Baker, James Jean H. Baker, James Buchanan Buchanan (New York: Times Books, 2004), 140. (New York: Times Books, 2004), 140.
"Fellow citizens of the United States," AL, First Inaugural Address, March 4, 1861, AL, First Inaugural Address, March 4, 1861, CW, CW, 4:262-268. 4:262-268.
"Apprehension seems to exist," Ibid., 262. 262.
he almost expected to hear Horace Greeley, Horace Greeley, Recolledions of a Busy Life Recolledions of a Busy Life (New York: J. B. Ford and Company, 1868), 404. (New York: J. B. Ford and Company, 1868), 404.
"I hold, that in contemplation" AL, First Inaugural Address, 264. AL, First Inaugural Address, 264.
"Good,""That"s so" Johannsen, Johannsen, Stephen A. Douglas, Stephen A. Douglas, 844. 844.
"I am loathe to close" All of William H. Seward"s suggestions are included in the footnotes to the text in All of William H. Seward"s suggestions are included in the footnotes to the text in CW, CW, 4:249-71, and in Nicolay and Hay, 3:27-44. 4:249-71, and in Nicolay and Hay, 3:27-44.
"The avowal" New York Tribune, New York Tribune, March 6, 1861. March 6, 1861.
"conservative people" New York Times, New York Times, March 5, 1861. March 5, 1861.
"No doc.u.ment" Chicago Tribune, Chicago Tribune, March 5, 1861. March 5, 1861.
"The Inaugural Address" Illinois State Journal, Illinois State Journal, March 6, 1861. March 6, 1861.
"aloose, disjointed" Chicago Times, Chicago Times, March 6, 1861. March 6, 1861.
"neither candid nor statesmanlike" New York Herald, New York Herald, March 6, 1861. March 6, 1861.
"the cool, unimpa.s.sioned" Richmond Enquirer, Richmond Enquirer, March 5, 1861. March 5, 1861.
"lamentable display" Charleston Mercury, Charleston Mercury, March 5, 1861. March 5, 1861.
"Before the Inaugural" New York Times, New York Times, March 6, 1861. March 6, 1861.
"news from Washington" Strong, Strong, Diary, Diary, March 4, 1861, 3:105-6. March 4, 1861, 3:105-6.