"In literary affairs I have taken the field in great force--opening with the Third Canto and "Chillon," and, following up my blow, I have since published "Tales of my Landlord," another novel, I believe (but I really don"t know) by the author of "Waverley"; but much superior to what has already appeared, excepting the character of Meg Merrilies. Every one is in ecstasy about it, and I would give a finger if I could send it you, but this I will contrive. Conversations with your friend Buonaparte at St. Helena, amusing, but scarce worth sending. Lord Holland has just put forth a very improved edition of the Life of Lope de Vega and Inez de Castro." Gifford"s "Ben Jonson" has put to death all former editions, and is very much liked."
At Mr. Murray"s earnest request, Scott had consented to review the third canto of "Childe Harold" in the _Quarterly_. In forwarding the MS. he wrote as follows:
_Mr. Scott to John Murray_.
EDINBURGH, _January_ 10, 1817.
My Dear Sir,
I have this day sent under Croker"s cover a review of Lord Byron"s last poems. You know how high I hold his poetical reputation, but besides, one is naturally forced upon so many points of delicate consideration, that really I have begun and left off several times, and after all send the article to you with full power to cancel it if you think any part of it has the least chance of hurting his feelings. You know him better than I do, and you also know the public, and are aware that to make any successful impression on them the critic must appear to speak with perfect freedom. I trust I have not abused this discretion. I am sure I have not meant to do so, and yet during Lord Byron"s absence, and under the present circ.u.mstances, I should feel more grieved than at anything that ever befell me if there should have slipped from my pen anything capable of giving him pain.
There are some things in the critique which are necessarily and unavoidably personal, and sure I am if he attends to it, which is unlikely, he will find advantage from doing so. I wish Mr. Gifford and you would consider every word carefully. If you think the general tenor is likely to make any impression on him, if you think it likely to hurt him either in his feelings or with the public, in G.o.d"s name fling the sheets in the fire and let them be as _not written_. But if it appears, I should wish him to get an early copy, and that you would at the same time say I am the author, at your opportunity. No one can honour Lord Byron a genius more than I do, and no one had so great a wish to love him personally, though personally we had not the means of becoming very intimate. In his family distress (deeply to be deprecated, and in which probably he can yet be excused) I still looked to some moment of reflection when bad advisers (and, except you were one, I have heard of few whom I should call good) were distant from the side of one who is so much the child of feeling and emotion. An opportunity was once afforded me of interfering, but things appeared to me to have gone too far; yet, even after all, I wish I had tried it, for Lord Byron always seemed to give me credit for wishing him sincerely well, and knew me to be superior to what Commodore Trunnion would call "the trash of literary envy and petty rivalry."
Lord Byron"s opinion of the article forms so necessary a complement to Walter Scott"s sympathetic criticism of the man and the poet, that we make no excuse for reproducing it, as conveyed in a letter to Mr. Murray (March 3, 1817).
"In acknowledging the arrival of the article from the _Quarterly_, which I received two days ago, I cannot express myself better than in the words of my sister Augusta, who (speaking of it) says, that it is written in a spirit "of the most feeling and kind nature."
"It is, however, something more. It seems to me (as far as the subject of it may be permitted to judge) to be very well written as a composition, and I think will do the journal no discredit, because even those who condemn its partiality, must praise its generosity. The temptations to take another and a less favourable view of the question have been so great and numerous, that, what with public opinion, politics, etc., he must be a gallant as well as a good man who has ventured in that place, and at this time, to write such an article, even anonymously. Such things, however, are their own reward; and I even flatter myself that the writer, whoever he may be (and I have no guess), will not regret that the perusal of this has given me as much gratification as any composition of that nature could give, and more than any has given--and I have had a good many in my time of one kind or the other. It is not the mere praise, but there is a _tact_ and a _delicacy_ throughout, not only with regard to me but to _others_, which, as it had not been observed _elsewhere_, I had till now doubted whether it could be observed _anywhere_."
"When I tell you," Lord Byron wrote to Moore a week later, "that Walter Scott is the author of the article in the _Quarterly_, you will agree with me that such an article is still more honourable to him than to myself."
We conclude this episode with the following pa.s.sage from a letter from Scott to Murray:
"I am truly happy Lord Byron"s article meets your ideas of what may make some impression on his mind. In genius, poetry has seldom had his equal, and if he has acted very wrong in some respects, he has been no worse than half the men of his rank in London who have done the same, and are not spoken of because not worth being railed against."
Lady Byron also wrote to Mr. Murray:
I am inclined to ask a question, which I hope you will not decline answering, if not contrary to your engagements. Who is the author of the review of "Childe Harold" in the _Quarterly_? Your faithful Servant, A.
I. BYRON.
Among other ladies who wrote on the subject of Lord Byron"s works was Lady Caroline Lamb, who had caricatured him (as he supposed) in her "Glenarvon." Her letter is dated Welwyn, franked by William Lamb:
_Lady Caroline Lamb to John Murray_.
_November_ 5, 1816.
"You cannot need my a.s.suring you that if you will entrust me with the new poems, none of the things you fear shall occur, in proof of which I ask you to enquire with yourself, whether, if a person in constant correspondence and friendship with another, yet keeps a perfect silence on one subject, she cannot do so when at enmity and at a distance."
This letter, to which no reply seems to have been sent, is followed by another, in which her Ladyship says:
I wish to ask you one question: are you offended with me or my letter?
If so, I am sorry, but depend upon it if after seven years" acquaintance you choose to cut off what you ever termed your left hand, I have too much grat.i.tude towards you to allow of it. Accept therefore every apology for every supposed fault. I always write eagerly and in haste, I never read over what I have written. If therefore I said anything I ought not, pardon it--it was not intended; and let me entreat you to remember a maxim I have found very useful to me, that there is nothing in this life worth quarrelling about, and that half the people we are offended with never intended to give us cause.
Thank you for Holcroft"s "Life," which is extremely curious and interesting. I think you will relent and send me "Childe Harold" before any one has it--this is the first time you have not done so--and the _Quarterly Review_; and pray also any other book that is curious.... I quite pine to see the _Quarterly Review_ and "Childe Harold." Have mercy and send them, or I shall gallop to town to see you. Is 450 guineas too dear for a new barouche? If you know this let me know, as we of the country know nothing.
Yours sincerely, C.L.
In sending home the MS. of the first act of "Manfred," Lord Byron wrote, giving but unsatisfactory accounts of his own health. Mr. Murray replied:
_John Murray to Lord Byron_.
_March_ 20, 1817.
My Lord,
I have to acknowledge your kind letter, dated the 3rd, received this hour; but I am sorry to say that it has occasioned, me great anxiety about your health. You are not wont to cry before you are hurt; and I am apprehensive that you are worse even than you allow. Pray keep quiet and take care of yourself. My _Review_ shows you that you are worth preserving and that the world yet loves you. If you become seriously worse, I entreat you to let me know it, and I will fly to you with a physician; an Italian one is only a preparation for the anatomist. I will not tell your sister of this, if you will tell me true. I had hopes that this letter would have confirmed my expectations of your speedy return, which has been stated by Mr. Kinnaird, and repeated to me by Mr.
Davies, whom I saw yesterday, and who promises to write. We often indulge our recollections of you, and he allows me to believe that I am one of the few who really know you.
Gifford gave me yesterday the first act of "Manfred" with a delighted countenance, telling me it was wonderfully poetical, and desiring me to a.s.sure you that it well merits publication. I shall send proofs to you with his remarks, if he have any; it is a wild and delightful thing, and I like it myself hugely....
I have just received, in a way perfectly unaccountable, a MS. from St.
Helena--with not a word. I suppose it to be originally written by Buonaparte or his agents.--It is very curious--his life, in which each event is given in almost a word--a battle described in a short sentence.
I call it therefore simply _Ma.n.u.scrit venu de Ste. Helene d"une maniere inconnue_. [Footnote: This work attracted a considerable amount of attention in London, but still more in Paris, as purporting to be a chapter of autobiography by Napoleon, then a prisoner in St. Helena. It was in all probability the work of some of the deposed Emperor"s friends and adherents in Paris, issued for the purpose of keeping his name prominently before the world. M. de Meneval, author of several books on Napoleon"s career, has left it on record that the "M.S. venu de Sainte Helene" was written by M. Frederic Lullin de Chateauvieux, "genevois deja connu dans le monde savant. Cet ecrivain a avoue, apres vingt cinq ans de silence, qu"il avait compose l"ouvrage en 1816, qu"il avait porte lui-meme a Londres, et l"avait mis a la poste, a l"adresse du Libraire Murray."] Lord Holland has a motion on our treatment of Buonaparte at St. Helena for Wednesday next; and on Monday I shall publish. You will have seen Buonaparte"s Memorial on this subject, complaining bitterly of all; pungent but very injudicious, as it must offend all the other allied powers to be reminded of their former prostration.
_April_ 12, 1817.
Our friend Southey has got into a confounded sc.r.a.pe. Some twenty years ago, when he knew no better and was a Republican, he wrote a certain drama, ent.i.tled, "Wat Tyler," in order to disseminate wholesome doctrine amongst the _lower_ orders. This he presented to a friend, with a fraternal embrace, who was at that time enjoying the cool reflection generated by his residence in Newgate. This friend, however, either thinking its publication might prolong his durance, or fancying that it would not become profitable as a speculation, quietly put it into his pocket; and now that the author has most manfully laid about him, slaying Whigs and Republicans by the million, this cursed friend publishes; but what is yet worse, the author, upon sueing for an injunction, to proceed in which he is obliged to swear that he is the author, is informed by the Chancellor that it is seditious--and that for sedition there is no copyright. I will inclose either now or in my next a second copy, for as there is no copyright, everyone has printed it, which will amuse you.
On July 15th and 20th Lord Byron wrote to Mr. Murray that the fourth canto of "Childe Harold" was completed, and only required to be "copied and polished," but at the same time he began to "barter" for the price of the canto, so completely had his old scruples on this score disappeared. Mr. Murray replied, offering 1,500 guineas for the copyright.
Mr. Hobhouse spent a considerable part of the year 1817 travelling about in Italy, whither he had gone princ.i.p.ally to see Lord Byron. He wrote to Mr. Murray on the subject of Thorwaldsen"s bust of the poet:
"I shall conclude with telling you about Lord B."s bust. It is a masterpiece by Thorwaldsen [Footnote: The bust was made for Mr.
Hobhouse, at his expense. Lord Byron said, "I would not pay the price of a Thorwaldsen bust for any head and shoulders, except Napoleon"s or my children"s, or some "absurd womankind"s," as Monkbarns calls them, or my sister"s."] who is thought by most judges to surpa.s.s Canova in this branch of sculpture. The likeness is perfect: the artist worked _con amore_, and told me it was the finest head he had ever under his hand. I would have had a wreath round the brows, but the poet was afraid of being mistaken for a king or a conqueror, and his pride or modesty made him forbid the band. However, when the marble comes to England I shall place a golden laurel round it in the ancient style, and, if it is thought good enough, suffix the following inscription, which may serve at least to tell the name of the portrait and allude to the excellence of the artist, which very few lapidary inscriptions do;
"In vain would flattery steal a wreath from fame, And Rome"s best sculptor only half succeed, If England owned no share in Byron"s name Nor hailed the laurel she before decreed."
Of course you are very welcome to a copy--I don"t mean of the verses, but of the bust. But, with the exception of Mr. Kinnaird, who has applied, and Mr. Davies, who may apply, no other will be granted.
Farewell, dear Sir."
The fourth canto duly reached London in Mr. Hobhouse"s portmanteau, and was published in the spring of 1818.
CHAPTER XV
LORD BYRON"S DEALINGS WITH MR. MURRAY--_continued_--THE DEATH OF ALLEGRA, ETC.
Lord Byron informed Mr. Murray, on October 12, 1817, that he had written "a poem in or after the excellent manner of Mr. Whistlecraft (whom I take to be Frere)"; and in a subsequent letter he said, "Mr.
Whistlecraft has no greater admirer than myself. I have written a story in eighty-nine stanzas in imitation of him, called "Beppo," the short name for Giuseppe, that is the Joe of the Italian Joseph." Lord Byron required that it should be printed anonymously, and in any form that Mr.
Murray pleased. The ma.n.u.script of the poem was not, however, sent off until the beginning of 1818; and it reached the publisher about a month later.
Meanwhile the friendly correspondence between the poet and his publisher continued:
_John Murray to Lord Byron_.