Mr. Carlyle returned to Craigenputtock with his ma.n.u.script in his pocket; very much annoyed and disgusted by the treatment of the London publishers. Shortly after his arrival at home, he wrote to Mr. Macvey Napier, then editor of the _Edinburgh Review_:
"All manner of perplexities have occurred in the publishing of my poor book, which perplexities I could only cut asunder, not unloose; so the MS., like an unhappy ghost, still lingers on the wrong side of Styx: the Charon of Albemarle Street durst not risk it in his _sutilis cymba_, so it leaped ash.o.r.e again. Better days are coming, and new trials will end more happily."
A little later (February 6, 1832) he said:
"I have given up the notion of hawking my little ma.n.u.script book about any further. For a long time it has lain quiet in its drawer, waiting for a better day. The bookselling trade seems on the edge of dissolution; the force of puffing can go no further; yet bankruptcy clamours at every door: sad fate! to serve the Devil, and get no wages even from him! The poor bookseller Guild, I often predict to myself, will ere long be found unfit for the strange part it now plays in our European World; and give place to new and higher arrangements, of which the coming shadows are already becoming visible."
The "Sartor Resartus" was not, however, lost. Two years after Carlyle"s visit to London, it came out, bit by bit, in _Fraser"s Magazine_.
Through the influence of Emerson, it was issued, as a book, at Boston, in the United States, and Carlyle got some money for his production. It was eventually published in England, and, strange to say, has had the largest sale in the "People"s Edition of Carlyle"s Works." Carlyle, himself, created the taste to appreciate "Sartor Resartus."
CHAPTER x.x.x
MR. GLADSTONE AND OTHERS
In July 1838 Mr. W.E. Gladstone, then Tory member of Parliament for Newark-upon-Trent, wrote to Mr. Murray from 6 Carlton Gardens, informing him that he has written and thinks of publishing some papers on the subject of the relationship of the "Church and the State," which would probably fill a moderate octavo volume, and that he would be glad to know if Mr. Murray would be inclined to see them. Mr. Murray saw the papers, and on August 9 he agreed with Mr. Gladstone to publish 750 or 1,000 copies of the work on "Church and State," on half profits, the copyright to remain with the author after the first edition was sold.
The work was immediately sent to press, and proofs were sent to Mr.
Gladstone, about to embark for Holland. A note was received by Mr.
Murray from the author (August 17, 1838):
"I write a line from Rotterdam to say that sea-sickness prevented my correcting the proofs on the pa.s.sage."
This was Mr. Gladstone"s first appearance in the character of an author, and the work proved remarkably successful, four editions being called for in the course of three years. It was reviewed by Macaulay in the _Edinburgh_ for April 1839, and in the _Quarterly_ by the Rev. W. Sewell in December. "Church Principles," published in 1840, did not meet with equal success. Two years later we find a reference to the same subject.
_Mr. W.E. Gladstone to John Murray_.
13 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, _April_ 6, 1842.
My DEAR SIR,
I thank you very much for your kindness in sending me the new number of the _Quarterly_. As yet I have only read a part of the article on the Church of England, which seems to be by a known hand, and to be full of very valuable research: I hope next to turn to Lord Mahon"s "Joan of Arc."
Amidst the pressure of more urgent affairs, I have held no consultation with you regarding my books and the sale or no sale of them. As to the third edition of the "State in its Relations," I should think the remaining copies had better be got rid of in whatever summary or ignominious mode you may deem best. They must be dead beyond recall. As to the others, I do not know whether the season of the year has at all revived the demand; and would suggest to you whether it would be well to advertise them a little. I do not think they find their way much into the second-hand shops.
With regard to the fourth edition, I do not know whether it would be well to procure any review or notice of it, and I am not a fair judge of its merits even in comparison with the original form of the work; but my idea is, that it is less defective both in the theoretical and in the historical development, and ought to be worth the notice of those who deemed the earlier editions worth their notice and purchase: that it would really put a reader in possession of the view it was intended to convey, which I fear is more than can with any truth be said of its predecessors.
I am not, however, in any state of anxiety or impatience: and I am chiefly moved to refer these suggestions to your judgment from perceiving that the Fourth Edition is as yet far from having cleared itself.
I remain always,
Very faithfully yours,
W.E. GLADSTONE.
In the same year another author of different politics and strong anti-slavery views appeared to claim Mr. Murray"s a.s.sistance as a publisher. It was Mr. Thomas Fowell Buxton, M.P., who desired him to publish his work upon the "Slave Trade and its Remedy."
_Mr. Buxton to John Murray_.
_December_ 31, 1837.
"The basis of my proposed book has already been brought before the Cabinet Ministers in a confidential letter addressed to Lord Melbourne.... It is now my purpose to publish a portion of the work, on the nature, extent, and horrors of the slave trade, and the failure of the efforts. .h.i.therto made to suppress it, [Footnote: See "Life of W.E.
Forster," ch. iv.] reserving the remainder for another volume to be published at a future day. I should like to have 1,500 copies of the first volume thrown off without delay."
The book was published, and was followed by a cheaper volume in the following year, of which a large number was sold and distributed.
The following letter ill.u.s.trates the dangerous results of reading sleepy books by candle-light in bed:
_Mr. Longman to John Murray_.
2 HANOVER TERRACE, 1838.
MY DEAR MURRAY,
Can you oblige me by letting me have a third volume of "Wilberforce"?
The fact is, that in reading that work, my neighbour, Mr. Alexander, fell fast asleep from exhaustion, and, setting himself on fire, burnt the volume and his bed, to the narrow escape of the whole Terrace. Since that book has been published, premiums of fire a.s.surance are up, and not having already insured my No. 2, now that the fire has broken out near my own door, no office will touch my house nor any others in the Terrace until it is ascertained that Mr. Alexander has finished with the book.
So pray consider our position, and let me have a third volume to make up the set as soon as possible.
Mr. Murray had agreed with the Bishop of Llandaff to publish Lord Dudley"s posthumous works, but the Bishop made certain complaints which led to the following letter from Mr. Murray:
_John Murray to the Bishop of Llandaff_.
_December_ 31, 1839.
MY LORD,
I am told that your Lordship continues to make heavy complaints of the inconvenience you incur by making me the publisher of "Lord Dudley"s Letters," in consequence of the great distance between St. Paul"s Churchyard and Albemarle Street, and that you have discovered another cause for dissatisfaction in what you consider the inordinate profits of a publisher.
My Lord, when I had the honour to publish for Sir Walter Scott and Lord Byron, the one resided in Edinburgh, the other in Venice; and, with regard to the supposed advantages of a publisher, they were only such as custom has established, and experience proved to be no more than equivalent to his peculiar trouble and the inordinate risque which he incurs.
My long acquaintance with Lord Dudley, and the kindness and friendship with which he honoured me to the last, made me, in addition to my admiration of his talents, desire, and, indeed, expect to become the publisher of his posthumous works, being convinced that he would have had no other. After what has pa.s.sed on your Lordship"s side, however, I feel that it would be inconsistent with my own character to embarra.s.s you any longer, and I therefore release your Lordship at once from any promise or supposed understanding whatever regarding this publication, and remain, my Lord,
Your Lordship"s humble Servant,
JOHN MURRAY.
The Bishop of Llandaff seems to have thought better of the matter, and in Mr. Murray"s second letter to him (January 1, 1840) he states that, after his Lordship"s satisfactory letter, he "renews his engagement as publisher of Lord Dudley"s "Letters" with increased pleasure." The volume was published in the following year, but was afterwards suppressed; it is now very scarce.
Mrs. Jameson proposed to Mr. Murray to publish a "Guide to the Picture-Galleries of London." He was willing to comply with her request, provided she submitted her ma.n.u.script for perusal and approval. But as she did not comply with his request, Mr. Murray wrote to her as follows:
_John Murray to Mrs. Jameson_.
_July_ 14, 1840
MY DEAR MADAM,
It is with unfeigned regret that I perceive that you and I are not likely to understand each other. The change from a Publisher, to whose mode of conducting business you are accustomed, to another of whom you have heard merely good reports, operates something like second marriages, in which, whatever occurs that is different from that which was experienced in the first, is always considered wrong by the party who has married a second time. If, for a particular case, you have been induced to change your physician, you should not take offence, or feel even surprise, at a different mode of treatment.