To be sure, the phonetic alphabet was much less in number than the words in Basic English. But the letters representing sound in the phonetic alphabet were each capable of variation several different ways- length, stress, pitch, rising, falling. The more trained an ear was the larger the number of possible variations; there was no limit to variations, but, without much refinement of accepted phonetic practice, it was possible to establish a one-to-one relationship with Basic English so that one phonetic symbol was equivalent to an entire word in a "normal" language, one Speedtalk word was equal to an entire sentence. The language consequently was learned by letter units rather than by word units-but each word was spoken and listened to as a single structured gestalt.
But Speedtalk was not "shorthand" Basic English. "Normal" languages, having their roots in days of superst.i.tion and ignorance, have in them inherently and unescapably wrong structures of mistaken ideas about the universe. One can think logically in English only by extreme effort so bad it is as a mental tool. For example, the verb "to be" in English has twenty- one distinct meanings, every single one of which is false-to-fact.
A symbolic structure, invented instead of accepted without question, can be made similar in structure to the real world to which it refers. The structure of Speedtalk did not contain the hidden errors of English; it was structured as much like the real world as the New Men could make it. For example, it did not contain the unreal distinction between nouns and verbs found in most other languages. The world- the continuum known to science and including all human activity-does not contain "noun things" and "verb things"; it contains s.p.a.ce-time events and relationships between them. The advantage for achieving truth, or something more nearly like truth, was similar to the advantage of keeping account books in Arabic numerals rather than Roman.
All other languages made scientific, multi-valued logic almost impossible to achieve; in Speedtalk it was as difficult not to be logical. Compare die pellucid Boolean logic with the obscurities of the Aristotelean logic it supplanted.
Paradoxes are verbal, do not exist in the real world-and Speedtalk did not have such built into it. Who shaves the Spanish Barber? Answer: follow him around and see. In the syntax of Speedtalk the paradox of the Spanish Barber could not even be ex- pressed, save as a self-evident error.
But Joe Greene-Gilead-Briggs could not learn it until he had learned to hear, by learning to speak. He slaved away; the screen continued to remain lighted with his errors.
Came finally a time when Joe"s p.r.o.nunciation of a sentence-word blanked out Gail"s sample; the screen turned dark. He felt more triumph over that than anything be could remember.
His delight was short. By a circuit Gail had thought- fully added somedays earlier the machine answered with a flourish of trumpets, loud applause, and then added in a cooing voice, "Mama"s good boy!"
He turned to her. "Woman, you spoke of matrimony. If you ever do manage to marry me, I"ll beat you."
"I haven"t made up my mind about you yet," she answered evenly. "Now try this word, Joe-"
Baldwin showed up that evening called him aside. "Joel C"mere. Listen, lover boy, you keep your animal nature out of your work, or I"ll have to find you a new teacher."
"But-"
"You heard me. Take her swimming, take her riding, after hours you are on your own. Work time- strictly business. I"ve got plans for you; I want you to get smarted up."
"She complained about me?"
"Don"t be silly. It"s my business to know what"s going on."
"Hmm. Kettle Belly, what is this shopping-for-a" husband she kids about? Is she serious, or is it just intended to rattle me?"
"Ask her. Not that it matters, as you won"t have any choice if she means it. She has the calm persistence of the law of gravitation."
"Ouch! I had had the impression that the "New Men" did not bother with marriage and such like, as you put it, "monkey customs." " "Some do, some don"t. Me, I"ve been married quite a piece, but I mind a mousy little member of our lodge who had had nine kids by nine fathers-all wonderful genius-plus kids. On the other hand I can point out one with eleven kids-Thalia Wagner-who has never so much as looked at another man. Geniuses make their own rules in such matters, Joe; they always have. Here are some established statistical facts about genius, as shown by Armatoe"s work-"
He ticked them off. "Geniuses are usually long lived. They are not modest, not honestly so. They have infinite capacity for taking pains. They are emotion- ally indifferent to accepted codes of morals-they make their own rules. You seem to have the stigmata, by the way."
"Thanks for nothing. Maybe I should have a new teacher, is there anyone else available who can do it."
"Any of us can do it, just as anybody handy teaches a baby to talk. She"s actually a biochemist, when she has time for it."
"When she has time?"
"Be careful of that kid, son. Her real profession is the same as yours-honorable hatchet man. She"s killed upwards of three hundred people." Kettle Belly grinned- "If you want to switch teachers, just drop me a wink."
Gilead-Greene hastily changed the subject. "You were speaking of work for me; how about Mrs. Keithley? Is she still alive?"
"Yes, blast her."
"Remember, I"ve got dibs on her." "You may have to go to the Moon to get her. She"s reported to be building a vacation home there. Old age seems to be telling on her; you had better get on with your home work if you want a crack at her." Moon Colony even then was a center of geriatrics for the rich. The low gravity was easy on their hearts, made them feel young-and possibly extended their lives.
"Okay, I will."
Instead of asking for a new teacher Joe took a highly polished apple to their next session. Gail ate it, leaving him very little core, and put him harder to work than ever. While perfecting his hearing and p.r.o.nunciation, she started him on the basic thousand-letter vocabulary by forcing him to start to talk simple three and four-letter sentences, and by answering him in different word-sentences using the same phonetic letters. Some of the vowel and consonant sequences were very difficult to p.r.o.nounce.
Master them he did- He had been used to doing most things easier than could those around him; now he was in very fast company. He stretched himself and began to achieve part of his own large latent capacity. When he began to catch some of the dinner- table conversation and to reply in simple Speedtalk- being forbidden by Gail to answer in English-she started him on the ancillary vocabularies.
An economical language cannot be limited to a thousand words; although almost every idea can be expressed somehow in a short vocabulary, higher orders of abstraction are convenient. For technical words Speedtalk employed an open expansion of sixty of the thousand-odd phonetic letters. They were the letters ordinarily used as numerals; by preceding a number with a letter used for no other purpose, the symbol was designated as having a word value.
New Men numbered to the base sixty-three times four times five, a convenient, easily factored system, most economical, i. e., the symbol "100" identified the number described in English as thirty-six hundred-yet permitting quick, in-the-head translation from common notation to Speedtalk figures and vice versa.
By using these figures, each prefaced by the indicator-a voiceless Welsh or Burmese "1"-a pool of 215,999 words (one less than the cube of sixty) were available for specialized meaning without using more than four letters including the indicator. Most of them could be p.r.o.nounced as one syllable. These had not the stark simplicity of basic Speedtalk; nevertheless words such as "ichthyophagous" and "const.i.tutionality" were thus compressed to monosyllables. Such shortcuts can best be appreciated by anyone who has heard a long speech in Cantonese translated into a short speech in English. Yet English is not the most terse of "normal" languages-and expanded Speedtalk is many times more economical than the briefest of "normal" tongues.
By adding one more letter (sixty to the fourth power) just short of thirteen million words could be added if needed-and most of them could still be p.r.o.nounced as one syllable.
When Joe discovered that Gail expected him to learn a couple of hundred thousand new words in a matter of days, he balked. "d.a.m.n it. Fancy Pants, I am not a superman. I"m in here by mistake."
"Your opinion is worthless; I think you can do it. Now listen."
"Suppose I flunk; does that put me safely off your list of possible victims?"
"If you flunk, I wouldn"t have you on toast. Instead I"d tear your head off and stuff it down your throat. But you won"t flunk; I know. However," she added, "I"m not sure you would be a satisfactory husband; you argue too much."
He made a brief and bitter remark in Speedtalk; She answered with one word which described his shortcomings in detail. They got to work.
Joe was mistaken; he learned the expanded vocabulary as fast as he heard it. He had a latent eidetic memory; the Renshawing process now enabled him to use it fully. And his mental processes, always fast, had become faster than he knew.
The ability to learn Speedtalk at all is proof of supernormal intelligence; the use of it by such intelligence renders that mind efficient. Even before World War II Alfred Korzybski had shown that human thought was performed, when done efficiently, only in symbols; the notion of "pure" thought, free of abstracted speech symbols, was merely fantasy. The brain was so constructed as to work without symbols only on the animal level; to speak of "reasoning" without symbols was to speak nonsense.
Speedtalk did not merely speed up communica- tion-by its structures it made thought more logical; by its economy it made thought processes enormously fester, since it takes almost as long to think a word as it does to speak it.
Korzybsld"s monumental work went fallow during the communist interregnum; Das Kapital is a childish piece of work, when a.n.a.lyzed by semantics, so the politburo suppressed semantics-and replaced it by ersatz under me same name, as Lysenkoism replaced the science of genetics.
Having Speedtalk to help him leam more Speedtalk, Joe learned very rapidly. The Renshawing had continued; he was now able to grasp a gestalt or configuration in many senses at once, grasp it, remember it, reason about it with great speed.
Living time is not calendar time; a man"s life is the thought that flows through his brain. Any man capable of learning Speedtalk had an a.s.sociation time at least three times as fast as an ordinary man. Speedtalk itself enabled him to manipulate symbols approximately seven times as fast as English symbols could be manipulated. Seven times three is twenty-one; a new man had an effective life time of at least sixteen hundred years, reckoned in flow of ideas.
They had time to become encyclopedic synthesists, something denied any ordinary man by the straitjacket of his sort of time.
When Joe had learned to talk. to read and write and cipher, Gail turned him over to others for his real education. But before she checked him out she played him several dirty tricks.
For three days she forbade him to eat. When it was evident that he could think and keep his temper despite low blood-sugar count, despite hunger reflex, she added sleeplessness and pain-intense, long, continued, and varied pain. She tried subtly to goad him into irrational action; he remained bedrock steady, his mind clicking away at any a.s.signed task as depend-ably as an electronic computer.
"Who"s not a superman?" she asked at the end of their last session.
"Yes, teacher."
"Come here, lug." She grabbed him by the ears, kissed him soundly. "So long." He did not see her again for many weeks.
His tutor in E.S,P. was an ineffectual-looking little man who had taken the protective coloration of the name Weems. Joe was not very good at producing E.S.P. phenomena. Clairvoyance he did not appear to have. He was better at precognition, but he did not improve with practice. He was best at telekinesis; he could have made a soft living with dice. But, as Kettle Belly had pointed out, from affecting the roll of dice to moving tons of freight was quite a gap-and one possibly not worth bridging.
"It may have other uses, however," Weems had said softly, lapsing into English. "Consider what might be done if one could influence the probability that a neutron would reach a particular nucleus-or change the statistical probability in a ma.s.s."
Gilead let it ride; it was an outrageous thought.
At telepathy he was erratic to exasperation. He called the Rhine cards once without a miss, then had poor scores for three weeks. More highly structured communication seemed quite beyond him, until one day without apparent cause but during an attempt to call the cards by telepathy, he found himself hooked in with Weems for all of ten seconds-time enough for a thousand words by Speedtalk standards.
it comes out us speech!
why not? thought is speech.
how do we do it?
if we knew it would not be so unreliable, as it is, some can do it by volition, some by accident, and some never seem to be able to do it. we do know this: while thought may not be of the physical world in any fashion we can now define and manipulate, it is similar to events in continuum in its quantal nature. You are now studying the extension of the quantum concept to all features of the continuum, you know the chronon, the mensum, and the viton, as quanta, as well as the action units of quanta such as the photon. The continuum has not only structure but texture in all its features. The least unit of thought we term the psychon.
define it. put salt on its tail.
some day, some day. I can tell you this; the fastest possible rate of thought is one psychon per chronon; this is a basic, universal constant.
how close do we come to that?
less than sixty-to-the-minus-third-power of the possibility.
better creatures than ourselves will follow us. We pick pebbles at a boundless ocean.
what can we do to improve it?
gather our pebbles with serene minds. Gilead paused for a long split second of thought.
can psychons be destroyed?
citons may be transferred, psychons are-The connection was suddenly destroyed. "As I was saying," Weems went on quietly, "psychons are as yet beyond our comprehension in many respects. Theory indicates that they may not be destroyed, that thought, like action, is persistent. Whether or not such theory, if true, means that personal ident.i.ty is also persistent must remain an open question. See the daily papers-a few hundred years from now-or a few hundred thousand." He stood up.
"I"m anxious to try tomorrow"s session, Doc," Gilead-Greene almost bubbled. "Maybe-"