Here are the _Tempi_ of the Sonata.
1st Allegro, Allegro (alone), erase the _a.s.sai_. Maelzel"s metronome [half-note] = 138.
2d movement, Scherzoso. Maelzel"s metronome [half-note] = 80.
3d movement, Maelzel"s metronome [eighth-note] = 92.
Observe that a previous bar is to be inserted here, namely:--
[Music: New bar. Piano Staves (treble & ba.s.s), D major, 6/8 time.]
4th movement, Introduzione--largo. Maelzel"s metronome [sixteenth-note] = 76.
5th and last movement, 3/4 time. Maelzel"s metronome [half-note] = 144.
[Music: Treble clef, B-flat major.]
Pray forgive the confused way in which this is written. It would not surprise you if you knew my situation; you would rather marvel that I accomplish so much in spite of it. The Quintet can no longer be delayed, and must shortly appear; but not the Sonata, until I get an answer from you and the check, which I long to see. The name of the courier is De Smidt, by whom you will receive both the Quintet and Sonata. I beg you will give me an immediate answer. I will write more fully next time.
In haste, your
BEETHOVEN.
262.
TO RIES.
April 19, 1819.
MY DEAR FRIEND,--
I ask your forgiveness a thousand times for the trouble I cause you. I cannot understand how it is that there are so many mistakes in the copying of the Sonata. This incorrectness no doubt proceeds from my no longer being able to keep a copyist of my own; circ.u.mstances have brought this about.
May G.o.d send me more prosperity, till ---- is in a better position! This will not be for a whole year to come. It is really dreadful the turn affairs have taken, and the reduction of my salary, while no man can tell what the issue is to be till the aforesaid year has elapsed.
If the Sonata be not suitable for London, I could send another, or you might omit the _Largo_, and begin at once with the _Fugue_ in the last movement, or the first movement, _Adagio_, and the third the _Scherzo_, the _Largo_, and the _Allegro risoluto_. I leave it to you to settle as you think best. This Sonata was written at a time of great pressure. It is hard to write for the sake of daily bread; and yet I have actually come to this!
We can correspond again about my visit to London. To be rescued from this wretched and miserable condition is my only hope of deliverance, for as it is I can neither enjoy health, nor accomplish what I could do under more favorable auspices.
263.
TO THE PHILHARMONIC SOCIETY IN LAIBACH.[1]
Vienna, May 4, 1819.
I fully appreciate the high compliment paid to me by the respected members of the Philharmonic Society, in acknowledgment of my poor musical deserts, by electing me honorary member of their Society, and sending me the diploma through Herr von Tuscher; and as a proof of my sense of this honor, I intend in due course to forward to the Society an unpublished work of mine.[2] Moreover, at any time when I can be of use to the Society, I shall be prepared to forward their wishes.
I remain, the humble servant and honorary member of the Philharmonic Society,
LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN.
[Footnote 1: In Dr. Fr. Keesbacher"s pamphlet, "_The Philharmonic Society in Laibach, from 1702 to 1862_," he says:--"The Philharmonic Society, always anxious to add to its l.u.s.tre by attracting honorary members, resolved to appoint the great master of harmony as one of these. This idea had previously occurred to them in 1808. At that time they asked Dr. Anton Schmidt whether he thought that the election of Beethoven, and also Hummel"s son, would contribute to the advancement of the Society. On that occasion the Society appear to have had recourse to Haydn for the composition of a Canon; whether they applied to him for a new one or an already existing one is not known. Schmidt replied, "I, for my part, with such an object in view, would prefer giving my vote for the latter, (Hummel"s son, who is second Kapellmeister, Haydn being the first, to the reigning Prince Niklas Esterhazy.) _Beethoven is as full of caprice as he is devoid of complaisance._ I have not seen Father Haydn for a long time, his residence being so distant. He is now in failing health and scarcely ever writes; I will, however, shortly call on him and make the attempt to get a Canon from him." This discouraging picture of Beethoven, who had indeed too often a repulsive manner, might well deprive the Society of all courage to think any more of him as one of their honorary members. On the 15th of March, 1819, however, the Society prepared the diploma for Beethoven, the usually stereotyped form being exceptionally varied in his honor, and running thus:--"The Philharmonic Society here, whose aim it is to promote refinement of feeling and cultivation of taste in the science of music, and who strive by their incessant efforts to impart to the Society both inwardly and outwardly, by the judicious selection of new members, greater value, solidity, and distinction, are universally animated with the desire to see their list adorned by the name of Beethoven. The organ of this society, the undersigned directors, fulfil the general wish in thus performing _their most agreeable duty_, and giving you, sir, the strongest proof of their profound admiration, by appointing you one of their honorary members.--Laibach, March 15, 1819."" A fac-simile of Beethoven"s handwriting is hung up in a frame under gla.s.s in the hall of the Society and affixed to Dr. Keesbacher"s pamphlet.]
[Footnote 2: We are told, "One work alone of Beethoven"s in the collection of the Society bears visible marks of coming from his own hand, and that is the _Pastoral Symphony_." The above-mentioned copy is a MS. score (though not in his writing); on the cover is written by himself in red pencil, now almost illegible, "Sinfonie Pastorale;" and underneath are inscribed the following words in ink by another hand: "Beethoven"s writing in red pencil." This score contains various corrections in pencil. Two of these appear to be by Beethoven, but unluckily the pencil marks are so much effaced that it is difficult to decide as to the writing. In the scene "By the Rivulet," where the 12/8 time begins (in B flat major), these words are written, "Violoncelli tutti con Ba.s.so." The B especially recalls his mode of writing. Moreover the _tempo_ at the beginning of "The Shepherd"s Song,"
(in F, 6/8 time,) _allegretto_, is qualified by the same hand in pencil thus, _Quasi allegro_. No direct proof exists of this being sent by him.]
264.
TO F. RIES,--LONDON.
Vienna, May 25, 1819.
... I was at the time burdened with cares beyond all I had ever in my life known,[1] caused solely by my too lavish benefits to others. Do compose industriously! My dear pupil the Archduke Rudolph and I frequently play your works, and he says that my quondam pupil does honor to his master. Now farewell! as I hear that your wife is so handsome, I venture to embrace her in imagination only, though I hope to have that pleasure in person next winter.
Do not forget the Quintet, and the Sonata, and the money, I mean the _Honoraire, avec ou sans honneur_. I hope soon to hear good news from you, not in _allegro_ time, but _veloce prestissimo_.
This letter will be given to you by an intelligent Englishman; they are generally very able fellows, with whom I should like to pa.s.s some time in their own country.
_Prestissimo--Responsio De suo amico e Maestro,_
BEETHOVEN.
[Footnote 1: In Schindler"s _Beethoven"s Nachla.s.s_ there is a large calendar of the years 1819 used by Beethoven, in which he has marked, "Arrived at Modling May 12!!!--_miser sum pauper_." Carl too was again ill at that time. Beethoven took him to Blochlinger"s Inst.i.tution, June 22.]
265.
TO THE ARCHDUKE RUDOLPH.
1819.
I learned with deep sorrow of your being again unwell; I trust it will only be a pa.s.sing indisposition. No doubt our very variable spring is the cause of this. I intended to have brought the variations [see No. 259] yesterday; they may well boldly face the light of day, and no doubt Y.R.H. will receive an application for your consent on this point. I very much regret being only able to express a _pia desideria_ for Y.R.H"s. health. I earnestly hope the skill of your Aesculapius may at length gain the victory and procure permanent health for Y.R.H.
[K.]
266.
TO THE ARCHDUKE RUDOLPH.
Modling, July 15, 1819.
I have been very ill since my last visit to Y.R.H. in town; I hope however to be much better by next week, in which case I will instantly join Y.R.H.
at Baden. Meanwhile I went several times to town to consult my physician.
My continued distress about my nephew, whose moral character has been almost totally ruined, has been the main cause of my illness. At the beginning of this week I was obliged to resume my guardianship, the other guardian having resigned, and much has taken place for which he has asked my forgiveness. The solicitor has also given up his office, because, having interested himself in the good cause, he has been loudly accused of partiality. Thus these endless perplexities go on, and no help, no consolation! The whole fabric that I had reared now blown away as if by the wind! A pupil of Pestalozzi, at present an inmate of the Inst.i.tute where I have placed my nephew, seems to think that it will be a difficult matter for him and for my poor Carl to attain any desirable goal. But he is also of opinion that the most advisable step is the removal of my nephew to a foreign country! I hope that the health of Y.R.H., always so interesting to me, leaves nothing to be desired, and I look forward with pleasure to soon being with Y.R.H., that I may be enabled to prove my anxiety to serve you.