Presently Captain Benjamin Church, as noted in New England as Kit Carson is in the West, was upon the sachem"s trail. He was a skilled Indian-fighter; he knew King Philip"s haunts, and all the Indian ways.
There was no let-up by Captain Church. Some captives he turned into scouts, so that they helped him against their former chief; the more dangerous he shot or hanged. To the English notion, these hostile Indians were rebels against the government and deserved no mercy.
Other captives, especially women and children, were sent to the West Indies as slaves.
Soon King Philip"s allies began to desert him. They saw no hope of lasting victory; they accused King Philip of persuading them into a useless war, and either scattered or went over to the English.
Among the deserters was Queen Awashonks, squaw sachem of the Sogkonate tribe of the Pokanoket league. Her country lay in the southeast corner of Rhode Island. When Philip had heard that the Sog-ko-nates were helping Captain Church to trail him down, he is said to have smiled never again.
Chief Canonchet, great leader of the Narragansetts, was captured and executed. Thus another nail was driven into King Philip"s fate.
Of Queen Wetamoo"s three hundred warriors, twenty-six remained; they were betrayed by one of their own number, and captured, and Wetamoo was drowned in flight.
These deaths saddened Philip, but the many desertions blackened his horizon and he knew that he was doomed.
By midsummer he was fleeing from spot to spot, with Captain Church hard after. He had only a handful of Pokanokets and scarcely more Narragansetts with him. Although frequently attacking, he himself was never sighted. The English accused him of hiding in cowardly fashion, but he well knew that with his death or capture the war would be ended.
Only the name King Philip supported it still.
Toward the close of July he had been forced south, to his own Wampanoag country of Mount Hope and Poca.s.set. In a sally north into southern Ma.s.sachusetts he was surprised, on Sunday, July 30, and his uncle killed and his sister taken prisoner.
The next morning there came in haste from Plymouth the doughty Captain Church, aided by Queen Awashonks"s men. Where a tree had been felled for a bridge of escape across the Taunton River thirty miles south of Boston, he espied, on the opposite bank, an Indian sitting alone upon a stump.
The captain aimed and would have fired, but his Indian companion said: "No. I think him one of our own men." The Indian upon the stump slowly turned his head; the captain saw that he was King Philip with his hair cut short.
At the fall of the gun hammer King Philip leaped from the stump, and plunging down a steep bank, was gone.
Captain Church crossed the river in pursuit, but did not catch him.
The next day he came upon the beaten sachem"s forlorn camp. There he captured Philip"s wife, Woo-to-ne-kau-ske, and their little boy of nine years.
The end of King Philip was very near. His relatives, even his sister-in-law, Wetamoo, had died; his friends had deserted him; his remaining family were in the hands of his enemies.
"You now have made Philip ready to die, for you have made him as poor and miserable as he used to make the English," Captain Church"s Indian scouts praised. "You have now killed or taken all his relations. This bout has almost broken his heart, and you will soon have his head."
The head of King Philip was indeed the prize. His escape north was barred by a "great English army"; his flight southward into Rhode Island was limited by the sea. His "kenneling places" (as they were styled perhaps because of the dog"s life that he was leading) were constantly betrayed, and his force of true-hearts was melting like the snows. But he received no offer of mercy. None was sent, and he asked for none.
He doubled and twisted in vain, and tried an ambush. Captain Church easily side-stepped this; and with only thirty English and twenty Indian scouts, in two days killed or captured one hundred and seventy-three more of the Philip people. a.s.suredly, King Philip was growing weak. He might have listened to terms, but in those stern days terms were not made with rebels, especially with troublesome Indians who were a.s.sumed to be children of Satan.
Captain Church, urged on by the Plymouth government, closed in farther.
Now died two of King Philip"s remaining captains. Sam Barrow, "as noted a rogue as any among the enemy," was captured, and sentenced at once to death, by Captain Church. He was an old man, but a hatchet was sunk into his head.
Chief Totoson, with his eight-year boy and old wife, escaped and reached Agawom, his former home. His little son fell sick; his own heart "became a stone within him, and he died." His old wife threw some brush and leaves over his body, and soon she, also, died. Thus was the Totoson family disposed of.
Only old Annawan, Philip"s greatest captain, was left with him. They two, and their miserable band of men, women and children, sought last refuge at the abandoned Mount Hope. Here they were, back again, defeated, with nowhere else to turn.
On the morning of August 10 Captain Church was home, also, visiting his wife. He lived on the island of Rhode Island, in Narragansett Bay and separated by only a narrow strait from Mount Hope, on the north.
There he had word, in much haste, that one of King Philip"s men was waiting, to guide him to a swamp where the sachem might be killed.
The name of the King Philip man was Alderman, in English. His brother had proposed to King Philip that they all surrender, and King Philip had struck him dead. So revenge burned in Alderman"s heart, and he turned traitor. He was of the Queen Wetamoo people, but had deserted her, also.
Upon getting word of King Philip"s whereabouts, so near at hand, Captain Church kissed his wife goodby, and gladly mounted his horse again--hoping, he said, "by tomorrow morning to have the rogue"s head."
This night Alderman guided the captain"s force truly. They had not far to go--only a dozen or so miles up the Mount Hope peninsula, to the narrow neck. The captain was well acquainted with the exact spot: a little isle of dry land in the midst of the swamp.
On the morning of August 12 he had his men arranged silently. Captain Golding was given the "honor of beating up Philip"s headquarters."
With a picked party, crawling on their bellies, he entered, to surprise the little isle, and drive out the game.
Throughout the swamp the other men were placed, two (a white man and an Indian) by two, behind trees, "that none might pa.s.s undiscovered."
When the enemy should be started in flight, then all the attacking party were to make a great noise. Every figure moving without noise was to be fired upon by the ambuscade.
There were not quite enough men to complete the circle of the ambuscade. However, Captain Church took his aide, Major Sanford, by the hand, and said: "Sir, I have so placed the men that it is scarce possible Philip should escape them." There was no thought of sparing King Philip"s life. He was an outlaw.
Just as the captain finished his hopeful speech, a gun-shot echoed through the misty gray. Captain Golding"s men had come upon one Indian, and had fired, and then had poured a volley into the sleeping camp.
Again from the harried band rose the cry "Awannux! Awannux! (English!
English!)" and into the swamp they plunged.
Caleb Cook and Alderman the guide had been stationed together behind a tree. At the first gun-shot, says the Captain Church story, King Philip "threw his petunk (shot pouch) and powder-horn over his head, catched up his gun, and ran as fast as he could scamper, without any more clothes than his small-breeches and stockings."
And here he came, directly for the tree. The two behind it let him come "fair within shot." Then Caleb took the first fire upon him. But the gun only flashed in the pan. He bade the Indian fire away, and Alderman did so true to purpose; sent one musket bullet through King Philip"s heart, and another not above two inches from it. The gun had been loaded with two b.a.l.l.s.
King Philip "fell upon his face in the mud and the water, with his gun under him." He was dead, at last, on the soil of his long-time home land from which he had sallied to do battle in vain.
"By this time," reads the Captain Church story, "the enemy perceived that they were waylaid on the east side of the swamp, and tacked short about. One of the enemy, who seemed to be a great, surly old fellow, hallooed with a loud voice, and often called out, "I-oo-tash, I-oo-tash." Captain Church called to his Indian, Peter, and asked him who that was that called so? He answered, that it was old Annawan, Philip"s great captain, calling on his soldiers to stand to it and fight stoutly. Now the enemy finding that place of the swamp which was not ambushed, many of them made their escape in the English tracks."
When the pursuit had quit, Captain Church let his men know that King Philip had been killed, and they gave three cheers.
Then the captain ordered the body to be pulled out of the mud. So some of the Indians "took hold of him by his stockings, and some by his small breeches (being otherwise naked) and drew him through the mud to the upland; and a doleful, great, naked, dirty beast he looked like,"
according to their opinion.
"Forasmuch as you have caused many an Englishman"s body to be unburied, and to rot above ground, not one of your bones shall be buried,"
p.r.o.nounced Captain Church. And he ordered an old Indian, who acted as executioner, to behead and quarter King Philip.
But before he struck with the hatchet, the old Indian also made a little speech, to the body.
"You have been a very great man," he said, "and have made many a man afraid of you; but so big as you are, I will now chop you up."
And so he did.
King Philip was known not only by his face, but by a mangled hand in which a pistol had burst. His head and his crippled hand were awarded to Alderman, who had betrayed him; Alderman was told to exhibit them through New England, if he wished, as a traveling show. He gained many shillings in fees.
The four quarters of King Philip were hung to the branches of a tree.
The head was stuck upon a gibbet at Plymouth for twenty years. The hand was kept at Boston. Caleb Cook traded with Alderman for King Philip"s gun; and King Philip"s wife and little boy were sold as slaves in the West Indies.
Now the Terror of New England had been subdued. He had been leading such a sorry life, of late, that no doubt he was glad to be done, and to have fallen in his stride and not in chains. His age is not stated.
Thus peace came to the colony of Plymouth in Ma.s.sachusetts, and King Philip had few left to mourn for him, until, after a season, even some of the English writers, their spirit softened, began to grant that he might have been as much a patriot as a traitor.