It was a great contrast to the monotonous routine of the convent and the stillness of the prison. All was life and stir; eager debates as to what it would be best to do for Dr. Luther; incessant coming and going of messengers on horse and foot between Ebernburg and Worms, where the Diet is already sitting, and where the good knight Franz spends much of his time in attendance on the Emperor.
Ulrich von Hutton is also here, from time to time, vehement in his condemnation of the fanaticism of monks and the lukewarmness of princes; and Dr. Bucer, a disciple of Dr. Luther"s, set free from the bondage of Rome by his healthful words at the great conference of the Augustinians at Heidelberg.
_April_ 30, 1521.
The events of an age seem to have been crowded into the last month. A few days after I wrote last, it was decided to send a deputation to Dr.
Luther, who was then rapidly approaching Worms, entreating him not to venture into the city, but to turn aside to Ebernburg. The Emperor"s confessor, Glapio, had persuaded the knight von Sickingen and the chaplain Bucer, that all might easily be arranged, if Dr. Luther only avoided the fatal step of appearing at the Diet.
A deputation of hors.e.m.e.n was therefore sent to intercept the doctor on his way, and to conduct him, if he would consent, to Ebernburg, the "refuge and hostelry of righteousness," as it has been termed.
I accompanied the little band, of which Bucer was to be chief spokesman.
I did not think Dr. Luther would come. Unlike the rest of the party, I had known him not only when he stepped on the great stage of the world as the antagonist of falsehood, but as the simple, straightforward, obscure monk. And I knew that the step which to others seemed so great, leading him from safe obscurity into perilous pre-eminence before the eyes of all Christendom, was to him no great momentary effort, but simply one little step in the path of obedience and lowly duty which he had been endeavouring to tread so many years. But I feared. I distrusted Glapio, and believed that all this earnestness on the part of the papal party to turn the doctor aside was not for his sake, but for their own.
I needed not, at least, have distrusted Dr. Luther. Bucer entreated him with the eloquence of affectionate solicitude; his faithful friends and fellow-travellers, Jonas, Amsdorf, and Schurff, wavered, but Dr. Luther did not hesitate an instant. He was in the path of obedience. The next step was as unquestionable and essential as all the rest, although, as he had once said, "it led through flames which extended from Worms to Wittemberg, and raged up to heaven." He did not, however, use any of these forcible ill.u.s.trations now, natural as they were to him. He simply said,--
"I continue my journey. If the Emperor"s confessor has anything to say to me, he can say it at Worms. _I will go to the place to which I have been summoned._"
And he went on, leaving the friendly deputation to return to Ebernburg.
I did not leave him. As we went on the way, some of those who had accompanied him told me through what fervent greetings and against what vain entreaties of fearful affection he had pursued his way thus far; how many had warned him that he was going to the stake, and had wept that they should see his face no more; how, through much bodily weakness and suffering, through acclamations and tears, he had pa.s.sed on simply and steadfastly, blessing little children in the schools he visited, and telling them to search the Scriptures; comforting the timid and aged, stirring up the hearts of all to faith and prayer, and by his courage and trust more than once turning enemies into friends.
"Are you the man who is to overturn the popedom?" said a soldier, accosting him rather contemptuously at a halting-place; "how will you accomplish that?"
"I rely on Almighty G.o.d," he replied, "whose orders I have."
And the soldier replied reverently,--
"I serve the Emperor Charles; your Master is greater than mine."
One more a.s.sault awaited Dr. Luther before he reached his destination.
It came through friendly lips. When he arrived near Worms, a messenger came riding towards us from his faithful friend Spalatin, the Elector"s chaplain, and implored him on no account to think of entering the city.
The doctor"s old fervour of expression returned at such a temptation meeting him so near the goal.
"Go tell your master," he said, "that if there were at Worms as many devils as there are tiles on the roofs, yet would I go in."
And he went in. A hundred cavaliers met him near the gates, and escorted him within the city. Two thousand people were eagerly awaiting him, and pressed to see him as he pa.s.sed through the streets. Not all friends.
Fanatical Spaniards were among them, who had torn his books in pieces from the book-stalls, and crossed themselves when they looked at him, as if he had been the devil; baffled partisans of the Pope: and on the other hand, timid Christians who hoped all from his courage; men who had waited long for this deliverence, had received life from his words, and had kept his portrait in their homes and hearts encircled like that of a canonized saint with a glory. And through the crowd he pa.s.sed, the only man, perhaps, in it who did not see Dr. Luther through a mist of hatred or of glory, but felt himself a solitary, feeble, helpless man, leaning only, yet resting securely, on the arm of Almighty strength.
Those who knew him best perhaps wondered at him most during those days which followed. Not at his courage--that we had expected--but at his calmness and moderation. It was this which seemed to me most surely the seal of G.o.d on that fervent impetuous nature, stamping the work and the man as of G.o.d.
We none of us know how he would have answered before that august a.s.sembly. At his first appearance some of us feared he might have been too vehement. The Elector Frederick could not have been more moderate and calm. When asked whether he would retract his books, I think there were few among us who were not surprised at the n.o.ble self-restraint of his reply. He asked for time.
"Most gracious Emperor, gracious princes and lords," he said, "with regard to the first accusation, I acknowledge the books enumerated to have been from me. I cannot disown them. As regards the second, seeing that is a question of the faith and the salvation of souls, and of G.o.d"s word, the most precious treasure in heaven or earth, I should act rashly were I to reply hastily. I might affirm less than the case requires, or more than truth demands, and thus offend against that word of Christ, "Whosoever shall deny me before men, him will I also deny before my Father who is in heaven." Wherefore I beseech your imperial majesty, with all submission, to allow me time that I may reply without doing prejudice to the word of G.o.d."
He could afford to be thought for the time what many of his enemies tauntingly declared him, a coward, brave in the cell, but appalled when he came to face the world.
During the rest of that day he was full of joy; "like a child," said some, "who knows not what is before him;" "like a veteran," said others, "who has prepared everything for the battle;" like both, I thought, since the strength of the veteran in the battles of G.o.d is the strength of the child following his Father"s eye, and trusting on his Father"s arm.
A conflict awaited him afterwards in the course of the night, which one of us witnessed, and which made him who witnessed it feel no wonder that the imperial presence had no terrors for Luther on the morrow.
Alone that night our leader fought the fight to which all other combats were but as a holiday tournament. Prostrate on the ground, with sobs and bitter tears, he prayed,--
"Almighty, everlasting G.o.d, how terrible this world is! How it would open its jaws to devour me, and how weak is my trust in thee! The flesh is weak, and the devil is strong! O thou my G.o.d, help me against all the wisdom of this world. Do thou the work. It is for thee alone to do it; for the work is thine, not mine. I have nothing to bring me here. I have no controversy to maintain, not I, with the great ones of the earth. I too would that my days should glide along, happy and calm. But the cause is thine. It is righteous, it is eternal. O Lord, help me; thou that art faithful, thou that art unchangeable. It is not in any man I trust. That were vain indeed. All that is in man gives way; all that comes from man faileth. O G.o.d, my G.o.d, dost thou not hear me? Art thou dead? No; thou canst not die! Thou art but hiding thyself. Thou hast chosen me for this work. I know it. Oh, then, arise and work. Be thou on my side, for the sake of thy beloved Son Jesus Christ, who is my defence, my shield and my fortress.
"O Lord, my G.o.d, where art thou? Come, come; I am ready--ready to forsake life for thy truth, patient as a lamb. For it is a righteous cause, and it is thine own. I will not depart from thee, now nor through eternity. And although the world should be full of demons; although my body, which, nevertheless, is the work of thine hands, should be doomed to bite the dust, to be stretched upon the rack, cut into pieces, consumed to ashes, the soul is thine. Yes; for this I have the a.s.surance of thy word. My soul is thine. It will abide near thee throughout the endless ages. Amen. O G.o.d, help thou me! Amen!"
Ah, how little those who follow know the agony it costs to take the first step, to venture on the perilous ground no human soul around has tried!
Insignificant indeed the terrors of the empire to one who had seen the terrors of the Almighty. Petty indeed are the a.s.saults of flesh and blood to him who has withstood princ.i.p.alities and powers, and the hosts of the prince of darkness.
At four o"clock the Marshal of the Empire came to lead him to his trial.
But his real hour of trial was over, and calm and joyful Dr. Luther pa.s.sed through the crowded streets to the imperial presence.
As he drew near the door, the veteran General Freundsberg, touching his shoulder, said--
"Little monk, you have before you an encounter such as neither I nor any other captains have seen the like of even in our bloodiest campaigns.
But if your cause be just, and if you know it to be so, go forward in the name of G.o.d, and fear nothing. G.o.d will not forsake you."
Friendly heart! he knew not that our Martin Luther was coming _from_ his battle-field, and was simply going as a conqueror to declare before men the victory he had won from mightier foes.
And so at last he stood, the monk, the peasant"s son, before all the princes of the empire, the kingliest heart among them all, crowned with a majesty which was incorruptible, because invisible to worldly eyes; one against thousands who were bent on his destruction; one in front of thousands who leant on his fidelity; erect because he rested on that unseen arm above.
The words he spoke that day are ringing through all Germany. The closing sentence will never be forgotten--
"_Here I stand. I cannot do otherwise. G.o.d help me. Amen._"
To him these deeds of heroism are acts of simple obedience; every step inevitable, because every step is duty. In this path he leans on G.o.d"s help absolutely and only. And all faithful hearts throughout the land respond to his Amen.
On the other hand, many of the polished courtiers and subtle Roman diplomatists saw no eloquence in his words, words which stirred every true heart to its depths. "That man," said they, "will never convince us." How should he? His arguments were not in their language, nor addressed to them, but to true and honest hearts; and to such they spoke.
To men with whom eloquence means elaborate fancies, decorating corruption or veiling emptiness, what could St. Paul seem but a "babbler?"
All men of earnest purpose acknowledged their force;--enemies, by indignant clamour that he should be silenced: friends, by wondering grat.i.tude to G.o.d who had stood by him.
It was nearly dark when the Diet broke up. As Dr. Luther came out, escorted by the imperial officers, a panic spread through the crowd collected in the street, and from every lip to lip was heard the cry,--
"They are taking him to prison."
"They are leading me to my hotel," said the calm voice of him whom this day has made the great man of Germany. And the tumult subsided.
EBERNBURG, _June_, 1521.
Dr. Luther has disappeared! Not one that I have seen knows at this moment where they have taken him, whether he is in the hands of friend or foe, whether even he is still on earth!
We ought to have heard of his arrival at Wittemberg many days since. But no inquiries can trace him beyond the village of Mora in the Thuringian Forest. There he went from Eisenach on his way back to Wittemberg, to visit his aged grandmother and some of his father"s relations, peasant farmers who live on the clearings of the forest. In his grandmother"s lowly home he pa.s.sed the night, and took leave of her the next morning; and no one has heard of him since.