The slow lingering months of decline are over. Yesterday our grandmother died. As I looked for the last time on the face that had smiled on me from childhood, the hands which rendered so many little loving services to me, none of which can evermore be returned to her, what a sacred tenderness is thrown over all recollection of her, how each little act of thoughtful consideration and self-denial rushes back on the heart, what love I can see glowing through the anxious care which sometimes made her a little querulous, especially with my father, although never lately.
Can life ever be quite the same again? Can we ever forget to bear tenderly with little infirmities such as those of hers which seem so blameless now, or to prize with a thankfulness which would flood with sunshine our little cares, the love which must one day be silent to us as she is now?
Her death seems to age us all into another generation! She lived from the middle of the old world into the full morning of the new; and a whole age of the past seems to die with her. But after seeing those Bohemian deputies and knowing that Fritz and Eva were married, she ceased to wish to live. She had lived, she said, through two mornings of time on earth, and now she longed for the daybreak of heaven.
But yesterday morning, one of us! and now one of the heavenly host!
Yesterday we knew every thought of her heart, every detail of her life, and now she is removed into a sphere of which we know less than of the daily life of the most ancient of the patriarchs. As Dr. Luther says, an infant on its mother"s breast has as much understanding of the life before it, as we of the life before us after death. "Yet," he saith also, "since G.o.d hath made his world of earth and sky so fair, how much fairer that imperishable world beyond!"
All seems to me clear and bright after the resurrection; but _now_?
where is that spirit now, so familiar to us and so dear, and now so utterly separated?
Dr. Luther said, "A Christian should say, I know that it is thus I shall journey hence; when my soul goes forth, charge is given to G.o.d"s kings and high princes, who are the dear angels, to receive me and convoy me safely home. The Holy Scriptures, he writes, teach nothing of purgatory, but tell us that the spirits of the just enjoy the sweetest and most delightful peace and rest. How they live there, indeed, we know not, or what the place is where they dwell. But this we know a.s.suredly, they are in no grief or pain, but rest in the grace of G.o.d. As in this life they were wont to fall softly asleep in the guard and keeping of G.o.d and the dear angels, without fear of harm, although the devils might prowl around them; so after this life do they repose in the hand of G.o.d."
"_To depart and be with Christ is far better._"
"_To-day in Paradise with me._"
"_Absent from the body, at home with the Lord._"
Everything for our peace and comfort concerning those who are gone depends on what those words "_with me_" were to them and are to us.
Where and how they live, indeed, we know not; with Whom we know. The more then, O our Saviour and theirs! we know of Thee, the more we know of them. With Thee, indeed, the waiting-time before the resurrection can be no cold drear ante-chamber of the palace. Where Thou art, must be light, love, and home.
Precious as Dr. Luther"s own words are, what are they at a time like this, compared with the word of G.o.d he has unveiled to us?
My mother, however, is greatly cheered by these words of his, "Our lord and Saviour grant us joyfully to see each other again hereafter. For our faith is sure, and we doubt not that we shall see each other again with Christ in a little while; since the departure from this life to be with Christ is less in G.o.d"s sight, than if I go from you to Mansfeld, or you took leave of me to go from Wittemberg to Mansfeld. This is a.s.suredly true. A brief hour of sleep and all will be changed."
WITTEMBERG, _September_, 1524.
During this month we have been able often to give thanks that the beloved feeble form is at rest. The times seem very troublous. Dr.
Luther thinks most seriously of them. Rumours have reached us for some time of an uneasy feeling among the peasantry. Fritz wrote about it from the Thuringian Forest. The peasants, as our good Elector said lately, have suffered many wrongs from their lords; and Fritz says they had formed the wildest hopes of better days from Dr. Luther and his words.
They thought the days of freedom had come. And bitter and hard it is for them to learn that the gospel brings freedom now as of old by giving strength to suffer, instead of by suddenly redressing wrong. The fanatics, moreover, have been among them. The Zwickau prophets and Thomas Munzer (silenced last year at Wittemberg by Luther"s return from the Wartburg), have promised them all they actually expected from Luther. Once more, they say, G.o.d is sending inspired men on earth, to introduce a new order of things, no more to teach the saints how to bow, suffer, and be patient; but how to fight and avenge themselves of their adversaries, and to reign.
_October_, 1524.
Now, alas, the peasants are in open revolt, rushing through the land by tens of thousands. The insurrection began in the Black Forest, and now it sweeps throughout the land, gathering strength as it advances, and bearing everything before it by the mere force of numbers and movements.
City after city yields and admits them, and swears to their Twelve Articles, which in themselves they say are not so bad, if only they were enforced by better means. Castle after castle is a.s.sailed and falls.
Ulrich writes in burning indignation at the cruel deaths they have inflicted on n.o.ble men and women, and on their pillaging the convents.
Fritz, on the other hand, writes entreating us not to forget the long catalogue of legalized wrongs which had lead to this moment of fierce and lawless vengeance.
Dr. Luther, although sympathizing with the peasants by birth, and by virtue of his own quick and generous indignation at injustice, whilst with a prophet"s plainness he blames the n.o.bles for their exactions and tyranny, yet sternly demands the suppression of the revolt with the sword. He says this is essential, if it were only to free the honest and well-meaning peasantry from the tyranny of the ambitious and turbulent men who compel them to join their banner on pain of death. With a heart that bleeds at every severity, he counsels the severest measures as the most merciful. More than once he and others of the Wittemberg doctors have succeeded in quieting and dispersing riotous bands of the peasants a.s.sembled by tens of thousands, with a few calm and earnest words. But bitter, indeed, are these times to him. The peasants whom he pities, and because he pities condemns, call out that he has betrayed them, and threaten his life. The prelates and princes of the old religion declare all this disorder and pillage are only the natural consequences of his false doctrine. But between them both he goes steadfastly forward, speaking faithful words to all. More and more, however, as terrible rumours reach us of torture, and murder, and wild pillage, he seems to become convinced that mercy and vigour are on the same side. And now he, whose journey through Germany not three years since was a triumphal procession, has to ride secretly from place to place on his errands of peace-making, in danger of being put to death by the people if he were discovered!
My heart aches for these peasants. These are not the Pharisees who were "_not blind_," but understood only too well what they rejected. They are the "mult.i.tudes," the common people, who as of old heard the voice of love and truth gladly; for whom dying he pleaded, "They know not what they do."
_April_, 1525.
The tide has turned. The army of the empire, under Truchsess, is out.
Phillip of Hesse, after quieting his own dominions, is come to Saxony to suppress the revolt here. Our own gentle and merciful Elector, who so reluctantly drew the sword, is, they say, dying. The world is full of change!
Meantime, in our little Wittemberg world, changes are in prospect. It seems probable that Dr. Luther, after settling the other eight nuns, and endeavouring also to find a home for Catherine von Bora, will espouse her himself. A few months since he tried to persuade her to marry Glatz, pastor of Orlamund, but she refused. And now it seems certain that the solitary Augustinian convent will become a home, and that she will make it so.
Gottfried and I cannot but rejoice. In this world of tumult and unrest, it seems so needful that that warm, earnest heart should have one place where it can rest, one heart that will understand and be true to him if all else should become estranged, as so many have. And this, we trust, Catherine von Bora will be to him.
Reserved, and with an innate dignity, which will befit the wife of him whom G.o.d has called in so many ways to be the leader of the hearts of men, she has a spirit which will prevent her sinking into the mere reflection of that resolute character, and a cheerfulness and womanly tact which will, we hope, sustain him through many a depressing hour, such as those who wear earth"s crowns of any kind must know.
_December_, 1525.
This year has, indeed, been a year of changes. The peasant revolt is crushed. At Frankenhausen, the last great victory was gained. Thomas Munzer was slain, and his undisciplined hosts fled in hopeless confusion. The revolt is crushed, alas! Gottfried says, as men too generally crush their enemies when once in their power, exceeding the crime in the punishment, and laying up a store of future revolt and vengeance for future generations.
The good and wise Elector Friedrich died just before the victory. It is well, perhaps, that he did not live to see the terrible vengeance that has been inflicted, the roadsteads lined with gibbets, torture returned by torture, insult by cruel mocking. The poor deluded people, especially the peasantry, wept for the good Elector, and said, "Ah, G.o.d, have mercy on us! We have lost our father!" He used to speak kindly to their children in the fields, and was always ready to listen to a tale of wrong. He died humbly as a Christian; he was buried royally as a prince.
Shortly before his death, his chaplain, Spalatin, came to see him. The Elector gave him his hand, and said, "You do well to come to me. We are commanded to visit the sick."
Neither brother nor any near relative was with him when he died. The services of all brave men were needed in those stormy days. But he was not forsaken. To the childless, solitary sufferer, his faithful servants were like a family.
"Oh, dear children," he said, "I suffer greatly!"
Then Joachim Sack, one of his household, a Silesian, said,--
"Most gracious master, if G.o.d will, you will soon be better."
Shortly after the dying prince said,--
"Dear children, I am ill indeed."
And Sack answered,--
"Gracious lord, the Almighty G.o.d sends you all this with a Father"s love, and with the best will to you."
Then the prince repeated softly, in Latin, the words of Job, "The Lord gave, and the Lord hath taken away; blessed be the name of the Lord."
And once more he said,--
"Dear children, I am very ill."
And the faithful Joachim comforted him again,--"My gracious Master, the Almighty G.o.d, sends it all to your electoral highness from the greatest love."
The prince clasped his hands, and said,--
"_For that I can trust my good G.o.d!_" and added, "Help me, help me, O my G.o.d."
And after receiving the holy communion in both kinds, he called his servants around him, and said,--
"Dear children, I entreat you, that in whatever I have done you wrong, by word or deed, you will forgive me for G.o.d"s sake, and pray others to do the same. For we princes do much wrong often to poor people that should not be."
As he spoke thus, all that were in the room could not restrain their tears, and seeing that, he said,--