"No," said Gottfried, "the end of war is peace,--G.o.d"s peace, based on His truth. Blessed are those who in the struggle never lose sight of the end."
Christopher read, not without interruption. Many things in the book were new and startling to most of us:--
"It is not rashly," Dr. Luther began, "that I, a man of the people, undertake to address your lord-ships. The wretchedness and oppression that now overwhelm all the states of Christendom, and Germany in particular, force from me a cry of distress. I am constrained to call for help; I must see whether G.o.d will not bestow his Spirit on some man belonging to our country, and stretch forth his hand to our unhappy nation."
Dr. Luther never seems to think _he_ is to do the great work. He speaks as if he were only fulfilling some plain humble duty, and calling other men to undertake the great achievement; and all the while that humble duty _is_ the great achievement, and he is doing it.
Dr. Luther spoke of the wretchedness of Italy, the unhappy land where the Pope"s throne is set, her ruined monasteries, her decayed cities, her corrupted people; and then he showed how Roman avarice and pride were seeking to reduce Germany to a state as enslaved. He appealed to the young emperor, Charles, soon about to be crowned. He reminded all the rulers of their responsibilities. He declared that the papal territory, called the patrimony of St. Peter, was the fruit of robbery.
Generously holding out his hand to the very outcasts his enemies had sought to insult him most grievously by comparing him with, he said,--
"It is time that we were considering the cause of the Bohemians, and re-uniting ourselves to them."
At these words my grandmother dropped her work, and fervently clasping her hands, leant forward, and fixing her eyes on Christopher, drank in every word with intense eagerness.
When he came to the denunciation of the begging friars, and the recommendation that the parish priests should marry, Christopher interrupted himself by an enthusiastic "vivat."
When, however, after a vivid picture of the oppressions and avarice of the legates, came the solemn abjuration:--
"Hearest thou this, O Pope, not most holy, but most sinful? May G.o.d from the heights of his heaven soon hurl thy throne into the abyss!" my mother turned pale, and crossed herself.
What impressed me most was the plain declaration:--
"It has been alleged that the Pope, the bishops, the priests, and the monks and nuns form the estate spiritual or ecclesiastical; while the princes, n.o.bles, burgesses, and peasantry form the secular estate or laity. Let no man, however, be alarmed at this. _All Christians const.i.tute the spiritual estate: and the only difference among them is that of the functions which they discharge._ We have all one baptism, one faith, and it is this which const.i.tutes the spiritual man."
If this is indeed true, how many of my old difficulties it removes with a stroke! All callings, then, may be religious callings; all men and women of a religious order. Then my mother is truly and undoubtedly as much treading the way appointed her as Aunt Agnes; and the monastic life is only one among callings equally sacred.
When I said this to my mother, she said, "I as religious a woman as Aunt Agnes! No, Else! whatever Dr. Luther ventures to declare, he would not say that. I do sometimes have a hope that for His dear Son"s sake G.o.d hears even my poor feeble prayers; but to pray night and day, and abandon all for G.o.d, like my sister Agnes, that is another thing altogether."
But when, as we crossed the street to our home, I told Gottfried how much those words of Dr. Luther had touched me, and asked if he really thought we in our secular calling were not only doing our work by a kind of indirect permission, but by a direct vocation from G.o.d, he replied,--
"My doubt, Else, is whether the vocation which leads men to abandon home is from G.o.d at all; whether it has either his command or even his permission."
But if Gottfried is right, Fritz has sacrificed his life to a delusion.
How can I believe that? And yet if he could perceive it, how life might change for him! Might he not even yet be restored to us? But I am dreaming.
_October_ 25, 1520.
More and more burning words from Dr. Luther. To-day we have been reading his new book on the Babylonish Captivity. "G.o.d has said," he writes in this, ""Whosoever shall believe and be baptized shall be saved." On this promise, if we receive it with faith, hangs our whole salvation. If we believe, our heart is fortified by the divine promise; and although all should forsake the believer, this promise which he believes will never forsake him. With it he will resist the adversary who rushes upon his soul, and will have wherewithal to answer pitiless death, and even the judgment of G.o.d." And he says in another place, "The vow made at our baptism is sufficient of itself, and comprehends more than we can ever accomplish. Hence all other vows may be abolished. Whoever enters the priesthood or any religious order, let him well understand that the works of a monk or of a priest, however difficult they may be, differ in no respect in the sight of G.o.d from those of a countryman who tills the ground, or of a woman who conducts a household. G.o.d values all things by the standard of faith. And it often happens that the simple labour of a male or female servant is more agreeable to G.o.d than the fasts and the works of a monk, because in these faith is wanting."
What a consecration this thought gives to my commonest duties! Yes, when I am directing the maids in their work, or sharing Gottfried"s cares, or simply trying to brighten his home at the end of the busy day, or lulling my children to sleep, can I indeed be serving G.o.d as much as Dr.
Luther at the altar or in his lecture-room? I also, then, have indeed my vocation direct from G.o.d.
How could I ever have thought the mere publication of a book would have been an event to stir our hearts like the arrival of a friend! Yet it is even thus with every one of those pamphlets of Dr. Luther"s. They move the whole of our two households, from our grandmother to Thekla, and even the little maid, to whom I read portions. She says, with tears, "If the mother and father could hear this in the forest!" Students and burghers have not patience to wait till they reach home, but read the heart-stirring pages as they walk through the streets. And often an audience collects around some communicative reader, who cannot be content with keeping the free, liberating truths to himself.
Already, Christopher says, four thousand copies of the "Appeal to the n.o.bility" are circulating through Germany.
I always thought before of books as the peculiar property of the learned. But Dr. Luther"s books are a living voice,--a heart G.o.d has awakened and taught, speaking to countless hearts as a man talketh with his friend. I can indeed see now, with my father and Christopher, that the printing press is a n.o.bler weapon than even the spears and broadswords of our knightly Bohemian ancestors.
WITTEMBERG, _December_ 10, 1520.
Dr. Luther has taken a great step to-day. He has publicly burned the Decretals, with other ancient writings, on which the claims of the court of Rome are founded, but which are now declared to be forgeries; and more than this, he has burnt the Pope"s bull of excommunication against himself.
Gottfried says that for centuries such a bonfire as this has not been seen. He thinks it means nothing less than an open and deliberate renunciation of the papal tyranny which for so many hundred years has held the whole of western Christendom in bondage. He took our two boys to see it, that we may remind them of it in after years as the first great public act of freedom.
Early in the morning the town was astir. Many of the burghers, professors, and students knew what was about to be done; for this was no deed of impetuous haste or angry vehemence.
I dressed the children early, and we went to my father"s house.
Wittemberg is as full now of people of various languages as the tower of Babel must have been after the confusion of tongues. But never was this more manifest than to-day.
Flemish monks from the Augustine cloisters at Antwerp; Dutch students from Finland; Swiss youths, with their erect forms and free mountain gait; knights from Prussia and Lithuania; strangers even from quite foreign lands,--all attracted hither by Dr. Luther"s living words of truth, pa.s.sed under our windows about nine o"clock this morning, in the direction of the Elster gate, eagerly gesticulating and talking as they went. Then Thekla, Atlantis, and I mounted to an upper room, and watched the smoke rising from the pile, until the glare of the conflagration burst through it, and stained with a faint red the pure daylight.
Soon afterwards the crowds began to return: but there seemed to me to be a gravity and solemnity in the manner of most, different from the eager haste with which they had gone forth.
"They seem like men returning from some great Church festival," I said.
"Or from lighting a signal-fire on the mountains, which shall awaken the whole land to freedom," said Christopher, as they rejoined us.
"Or from binding themselves with a solemn oath to liberate their homes, like the Three Men at Grutly," said Conrad Winkelried, the young Swiss to whom Atlantis is betrothed.
"Yes," said Gottfried, "fires which may be the beacons of a world"s deliverance, and may kindle the death-piles of those who dared to light them, are no mere students" bravado."
"Who did the deed, and what was burned?" I asked.
"One of the masters of arts lighted the pile," my husband replied, "and then threw on it the Decretals, the false Epistles of St. Clement, and other forgeries, which have propped up the edifice of lies for centuries. And when the flames which consumed them had done their work and died away, Dr. Luther himself, stepping forward, solemnly laid the Pope"s bull of excommunication on the fire, saying amidst the breathless silence, "As thou hast troubled the Lord"s saints, may the eternal fire destroy thee." Not a word broke the silence until the last crackle and gleam of those symbolical flames had ceased, and then gravely but joyfully we all returned to our homes."
"Children," said our grandmother, "you have done well; yet you are not the first that have defied Rome."
"Nor perhaps the last she will silence," said my husband. "But the last enemy will be destroyed at last; and meantime every martyr is a victor."
XVII.
Eva"s Story.
I have read the whole of the New Testament through to Sister Beatrice and Aunt Agnes. Strangely different auditors they were in powers of mind and in experience of life; yet both met, like so many in His days on earth, at the feet of Jesus.
"He would not have despised me, even me," Sister Beatrice would say.
"Poor, fond creature, half-witted or half-crazed they call me; but He would have welcomed me."
"_Does_ He not welcome you?" I said.
"You think so? Yes, I think--I am sure he does. My poor broken bits and remnants of sense and love, He will not despise them. He will take me as I am."