Christopher heard him preach in the church of the Augustinian Convent, where he had (as Fritz told me) suffered such agonies of conflict. He stood there now an excommunicated man, threatened with death; but he stood there as victor, through Christ, over the tyranny and lies of Satan. He seemed entirely to forget his own danger in the joy of the eternal salvation he came to proclaim. Not a word, Christopher said, about himself, or the Diet, or the Pope"s bull, or the Emperor, but all about the way a sinner may be saved, and a believer may be joyful.
"There are two kinds of works," he said; "external works, our own works.
These are worth little. One man builds a church; another makes a pilgrimage to St. Peter"s; a third fasts, puts on the hood, goes barefoot. All these works are nothing, and will perish. Now, I will tell you what is the true good work. _G.o.d hath raised again a man, the Lord Jesus Christ, in order that he may crush death, destroy sin, shut the gates of h.e.l.l. This is the work of salvation._ The devil believed he had the Lord in his power when he beheld him between two thieves, suffering the most shameful martyrdom, accursed both of Heaven and man. But G.o.d put forth his might, and annihilated death, sin, and h.e.l.l. Christ hath won the victory. This is the great news! And we are saved by his work, not by our works. The Pope says something very different. I tell you the holy Mother of G.o.d herself has been saved, not by her virginity, nor by her maternity, nor by her purity, nor by her works, but solely by means of faith, and by the work of G.o.d."
As he spoke the gallery in which Christopher stood listening cracked.
Many were greatly terrified, and even attempted to rush out. Dr. Luther stopped a moment, and then stretching out his hand said, in his clear, firm voice, "Fear not, there is no danger. The devil would thus hinder the preaching of the gospel, but he will not succeed." Then returning to his text, he said, "Perhaps you will say to me, "You speak to us much about faith, teach us how we may obtain it." Yes, indeed, that is what I desire to teach you. Our Lord Jesus Christ has said, "_Peace be unto you. Behold my hands._" And this is as if he said, "O man, it is I alone who have taken away thy sins, and who have redeemed thee, and now _thou hast peace_, saith the Lord.""
And he concluded,--
"Since G.o.d has saved us, let us so order our works that he may take pleasure therein. Art thou rich? Let thy goods be serviceable to the poor. Art thou poor? Let thy services be of use to the rich. If thy labours are useless to all but thyself, the services thou pretendest to render to G.o.d are a mere lie."
Christopher left Dr. Luther at Erfurt. He said many tried to persuade the doctor not to venture to Worms; others reminded him of John Huss, burned in spite of the safe-conduct. And as he went, in some places the papal excommunication was affixed on the walls before his eyes; but he said, "If I perish, the truth will not."
And nothing moved him from his purpose. Christopher was most deeply touched with that sermon. He said the text, "_Peace be unto you; and when he had so said Jesus showed unto them his hands and his side_,"
rang through his heart all the way home to Wittemberg, through the forests and the plain. The pathos of the clear true voice we may never hear again writes them on his heart; and more than that. I trust the deeper pathos of the voice which uttered the cry of agony once on the cross for us,--the agony which won the peace.
Yes; when Dr. Luther speaks he makes us feel we have to do with persons, not with things,--with the devil who hates us, with G.o.d who loves us, with the Saviour who died for us. It is not holiness only and justification, or sin and condemnation. It is we sinning and condemned, Christ suffering for us, and G.o.d justifying and loving us. It is all I and thou. He brings us face to face with G.o.d, not merely sitting serene on a distant imperial throne, frowning in terrible majesty, or even smiling in gracious pity, but coming down to us close, seeking us, and caring, caring unutterably much, that we, even we, should be saved.
I never knew, until Dr. Luther drove out of Wittemberg, and the car with the cloth curtains to protect him from the weather, which the town had provided, pa.s.sed out of sight, and I saw the tears gently flowing down my mother"s face, how much she loved and honoured him.
She seems almost as anxious about him as about Fritz; and she did not reprove me that night when she came in and found me weeping by my bed.
She only drew me to her and smoothed down my hair, and said, "Poor little Thekla! G.o.d will teach us both how to have none other G.o.ds but himself. He will do it very tenderly; but neither thy mother nor thy Saviour can teach thee this lesson without many a bitter tear."
XIX.
Fritz"s Story.
EBERNBURG, _April_ 2, 1526.
A chasm has opened between me and my monastic life. I have been in the prison, and in the prison have I received at last, in full, my emanc.i.p.ation. The ties I dreaded impatiently to break have been broken for me, and I am a monk no longer.
I could not but speak to my brethren in the convent of the glad tidings which had brought me such joy. It is as impossible for Christian life not to diffuse itself as that living water should not flow, or that flames should not rise. Gradually a little band of Christ"s freedmen gathered around me. At first I did not speak to them much of Dr.
Luther"s writings. My purpose was to show them that Dr. Luther"s doctrine was _not_ his own, but G.o.d"s.
But the time came when Dr. Luther"s name was on every lip. The bull of excommunication went forth against him from the Vatican. His name was branded as that of the vilest of heretics by every adherent of the Pope.
In many churches, especially those of the Dominicans, the people were summoned by the great bells to a solemn service of anathema, where the whole of the priests, gathered at the altar in the darkened building, p.r.o.nounced the terrible words of doom and then, flinging down their blazing torches extinguished them on the stone pavement, as hope, they said, was extinguished by the anathema for the soul of the accursed.
At one of these services I was accidentally present. And mine was not the only heart which glowed with burning indignation to hear that worthy name linked with those of apostates and heretics, and held up to universal execration. But, perhaps, in no heart there did it enkindle such a fire as in mine. Because I knew the source from which those curses came, how lightly, how carelessly those firebrands were flung; not fiercely, by the fanaticism of blinded consciences, but daintily and deliberately, by cruel, reckless hands, as a matter of diplomacy and policy, by those who cared themselves neither for G.o.d"s curse nor his blessing. And I knew also the heart which they were meant to wound; how loyal, how tender, how true; how slowly, and with what pain Dr. Luther had learned to believe the idols of his youth a lie; with what a wrench, when the choice at last had to be made between the word of G.o.d and the voice of the Church, he had clung to the Bible, and let the hopes, and trust, and friendships of earlier days be torn from him; what anguish that separation still cost him; how willingly, as a humble little child, at the sacrifice of anything but truth and human souls, he would have flung himself again on the bosom of that Church to which, in his fervent youth, he had offered up all that makes life dear.
"_They curse, but bless Thou._"
The words came, unbidden into my heart, and almost unconsciously from my lips. Around me I heard more than one "Amen;" but at the same time I became aware that I was watched by malignant eyes.
After the publication of the excommunication, they publicly burned the writings of Dr. Luther in the great square. Mainz was the first city in Germany where this indignity was offered him.
Mournfully I returned to my convent. In the cloisters of our Order the opinions concerning Luther are much divided. The writings of St.
Augustine have kept the truth alive in many hearts amongst us; and besides this, there is the natural bias to one of our own order, and the party opposition to the Dominicans, Tetzel and Eck, Dr. Luther"s enemies. Probably there are few Augustinian convents in which there are not two opposite parties in reference to Dr. Luther.
In speaking of the great truths, of G.o.d freely justifying the sinner because Christ died, (the Judge acquitting because the Judge himself had suffered for the guilty), I had endeavoured to trace them, as I have said, beyond all human words to their divine authority. But now to confess Luther seemed to me to have become identical with confessing Christ. It is the truth which is a.s.sailed in any age which tests our fidelity. It is to _confess_ we are called, not merely to _profess_. If I profess, with the loudest voice and the clearest exposition, every portion of the truth of G.o.d except precisely that little point which the world and the devil are at that moment attacking, I am not confessing Christ, however boldly I may be professing Christianity. Where the battle rages the loyalty of the soldier is proved; and to be steady on all the battle-fields besides is mere flight and disgrace to him if he flinches at that one point.
It seems to me also that, practically, the contest in every age of conflict ranges usually round the person of one Faithful, G.o.dsent man, whom to follow loyally is fidelity to G.o.d. In the days of the first Judaizing a.s.sault on the early Church, that man was St. Paul. In the great Arian battle, this man was Athanasius--"_Athanasius contra mundum_." In our days, in our land, I believe it is Luther; and to deny Luther would be for me who learned the truth from his lips, to deny Christ. Luther, I believe, is the man whom G.o.d has given to his Church in Germany in this age. Luther, therefore, I will follow--not as a perfect example, but as a G.o.d-appointed leader. Men can never be neutral in great religious contests; and if, because of the little wrong in the right cause, or the little evil in the good man, we refuse to take the side of right, we are, by that very act, silently taking the side of wrong.
When I came back to the convent I found the storm gathering. I was asked if I possessed any of Dr. Luther"s writings. I confessed that I did. It was demanded that they should be given up. I said they could be taken from me, but I would not willingly give them up to destruction, because I believed they contained the truth of G.o.d. Thus the matter ended until we had each retired to our cells for the night, when one of the older monks came to me and accused me of secretly spreading Lutheran heresy among the brethren.
I acknowledged I had diligently, but not secretly, done all I could to spread among the brethren the truths contained in Dr. Luther"s books, although not in his words, but in St. Paul"s. A warm debate ensued, which ended in the monk angrily leaving the cell, saying that means would be found to prevent the further diffusion of this poison.
The next day I was taken into the prison where John of Wesel died; the heavy bolts were drawn upon me, and I was left in solitude.
As they left me alone, the monk with whom I had the discussion of the previous night said. "In this chamber, not forty years since, a heretic such as Martin Luther died."
The words were intended to produce wholesome fear: they acted as a bracing tonic. The spirit of the conqueror who had seemed to be defeated there, but now stood with the victorious palm before the Lamb, seemed near me. The Spirit of the truth for which he suffered was with me; and in the solitude of that prison I learned lessons years might not have taught me elsewhere.
No one except those who have borne them knows how strong are the fetters which bind us to a false faith, learned at our mother"s knee, and riveted on us by the sacrifices of years. Perhaps I should never have been able to break them. For me, as for thousands of others, they were rudely broken by hostile hands. But the blows which broke them were the accolade which smote me from a monk into a knight and soldier of my Lord.
Yes; there I learned that these vows which have bound me for so many years are bonds, not to G.o.d, but to a lying tyranny. The only true vows, as Dr. Luther says, are the vows of our baptism--to renounce the world, the flesh, and the devil, as soldiers of Christ. The only divine Order is the common order of Christianity. All other orders are disorder; not confederations within the Church, but conspiracies against it. If, in an army, the troops choose to abandon the commander"s arrangement, and range themselves, by arbitrary rules, in peculiar uniforms, around self-elected leaders, they would not be soldiers--they would be mutineers.
G.o.d"s order is, I think, the State to embrace all men, the Church to embrace all Christian men; and the kernel of the State and the type of the Church is the family.
He creates us to be infants, children--sons, daughters--husband, wife--father, mother. He says, Obey your parents, love your wife, reverence your husband, love your children. As children, let the Lord at Nazareth be your model; as married, let the Lord, who loved the Church better than life, be your type; as parents, let the heavenly Father be your guide. And if we, abandoning every holy name of family love he has sanctioned, and every lowly duty he has enjoined, choose to band ourselves anew into isolated conglomerations of men or women, connected only by a common name and dress, we are not only amiable enthusiasts--we are rebels against the Divine order of humanity.
G.o.d, indeed, may call some especially to forsake father and mother, and wife and children, and all things for his dearer love. But when he calls to such destinies, it is by the plain voice of Providence, or by the bitter call of persecution; and then the martyr"s or the apostle"s solitary path is as much the lowly, simple path of obedience as the mother"s or the child"s. The crown of the martyr is consecrated by the same holy oil which anoints the head of the bride, the mother, or the child,--the consecration of love and of obedience. There is none other.
All that is not duty is sin; all that is not obedience is disobedience; all that is not of love is of self; and self crowned with thorns in a cloister is as selfish as self crowned with ivy at a revel.
Therefore I abandon cowl and cloister for ever. I am no more Brother Sebastian, of the order of the Eremites of St. Augustine. I am Friedrich Cotta, Margaret Cotta"s son, Else and Thekla"s brother Fritz. I am no more a monk. I am a Christian--I am no more a vowed Augustinian. I am a baptized Christian, dedicated to Christ from the arms of my mother, united to Him by the faith of my manhood. Henceforth I will order my life by no routine of ordinances imposed by the will of a dead man hundreds of years since. But day by day I will seek to yield myself, body, soul, and spirit to the living will of my almighty, loving G.o.d, saying to him morning by morning, "Give me this day my daily bread.
Appoint to me this day my daily task." And He will never fail to hear, however often I may fail to ask.
I had abundance of time for those thoughts in my prison; for during the three weeks I lay there I had, with the exception of the bread and water which were silently laid inside the door every morning, but two visits.
And these were from my friend the aged monk who had first told me about John of Wesel.
The first time he came (he said) to persuade me to recant. But whatever he intended, he said little about recantation--much more about his own weakness, which hindered him from confessing the same truth.
The second time he brought me a disguise, and told me he had provided the means for my escape that very night. When, therefore, I heard the echoes of the heavy bolts of the great doors die away through the long stone corridors, and listened till the last tramp of feet ceased, and door after door of the various cells was closed, and every sound was still throughout the building, I laid aside my monk"s cowl and frock, and put on the burgher dress provided for me.
To me it was a glad and solemn ceremony, and, alone in my prison, I prostrated myself on the stone floor, and thanked Him who, by his redeeming death and the emanc.i.p.ating word of his free spirit, had made me a free man, nay, infinitely better, _his freedman_.
The bodily freedom to which I looked forward was to me a light boon indeed, in comparison with the liberty of heart already mine. The putting on this common garb of secular life was to me like a solemn invest.i.ture with the freedom of the city and the empire of G.o.d.
Henceforth I was not to be a member of a narrow, separated cla.s.s, but of the common family; no more to freeze alone on a height, but to tread the lowly path of common duty; to help my brethren, not as men at a sumptuous table throw crumbs to beggars and dogs, but to live amongst them--to share my bread of life with them; no longer as the forerunner in the wilderness, but, like the Master, in the streets, and highways, and homes of men; a.s.suming no n.o.bler name than man created in the image of G.o.d, born in the image of Adam; aiming at no loftier t.i.tle than Christian, redeemed by the blood of Christ, and created anew, to be conformed to his glorious image. Yes, as the symbol of a freedman, as the uniform of a soldier, as the armour of a sworn knight, at once freeman and servant, was that lowly burgher"s dress to me; and with a joyful heart, when the aged monk came to me again, I stepped after him, leaving my monk"s frock lying in the corner of the cell, like the husk of that old lifeless life.
In vain did I endeavour to persuade my liberator to accompany me in my flight. "The world would be a prison to me, brother," he said with a sad smile. "All I loved in it are dead, and what could I do there, with the body of an old man and the helpless inexperience of a child? Fear not for me," he added; "I also shall, I trust, one day dwell in a home; but not on earth!"
And so we parted, he returning to the convent, and I taking my way, by river and forest, to this castle of the n.o.ble knight Franz von Sickingen, on a steep height at the angle formed by the junction of two rivers.
My silent weeks of imprisonment had been weeks of busy life in the world outside. When I reached this castle of Ebernburg, I found the whole of its inhabitants in a ferment about the summoning of Dr. Luther to Worms.
His name, and my recent imprisonment for his faith, were a sufficient pa.s.sport to the hospitality of the castle, and I was welcomed most cordially.