[161] "Shaski," vi. 48.
[162] Hugh Miller, "Scenes and Legends," p. 293.
[163] "The Mirror," April 7, 1832.
[164] "The Origin of Civilisation," &c. By Sir John Lubbock.
[165] Hildebrand in Grimm"s "Worterbuch."
[166] Wisdom of Solomon, xvii. What this impressive chapter says of the delusions of the guilty are equally true of those of ignorance.
"They sleeping the same sleep that night ... were partly vexed with monstrous apparitions, and partly fainted, their heart failing them ... whosoever there fell down was straitly kept, shut up in a prison without iron bars.... Whether it were a whistling wind, or a melodious noise of birds among the spreading branches, or a pleasing fall of water running violently, or a terrible sound of stones cast down, or a running that could not be seen of skipping beasts, or a roaring voice of most savage wild beasts, or a rebounding echo from the hollow mountains: these things made them to swoon for fear. The whole world shined with clear light ... over them only was spread a heavy night, an image of that darkness which should afterward receive them: but yet were they to themselves more grievous than that darkness."
[167] Bayard Taylor"s "Faust." Walpurgis-night.
[168] i. 228.
[169] North American Review. March 1877.
[170] In his very valuable work, "Northmen in c.u.mberland and Westmoreland." Longmans. 1856.
[171] "Journal of Philology," vi. No. II. On the Word Glamour and the Legend of Glam, by Professor Cowell.
[172] 2 Chron. xvi. 12; 2 Kings xx.; Mark v. 26; James v. 14; &c., &c. The Catholic Church follows the prescription by St. James of prayer and holy anointing for the sick only after medical aid--of which Asa died when he preferred it to the Lord--has failed; i.e. extreme unction. Castelar remarks that the Conclave which elected Pius IX. sat in the Quirinal rather than the Vatican, "because, while it hoped for the inspirations of the Holy Spirit in every place, it feared that in the palace par excellence divine inspirations would not sufficiently counteract the effluvias of the fever." The legal prosecutions of the "Peculiar People" for obeying the New Testament command in case of sickness supply a notable example of the equal hypocrisy of the protestant age. England has distributed the Bible as a divine revelation in 150 different languages; and in London it punishes a sect for obedience to one of its plainest directions.
[173] London "Times," June 11, 1877.
[174] "Mankind: their Origin and Destiny" (Longmans, 1872), p. 91. See also Voltaire"s Dictionary for an account of the sacred dances in the Catholic Churches of Spain.
[175] Deut. xxviii. 60.
[176] 1 Sam. v. 6.
[177] 1 Sam. xvi. 14. In chap. xviii. 10, this evil spirit is said to have proceeded from Elohim, a difference indicating a further step in that evolution of Jehovah into a moral ruler which is fully traced in our chapter on "Elohim and Jehovah."
[178] Boundesch, ii. pp. 158, 188. For an exhaustive treatment of the astrological theories and pictures of the planispheres, see "Mankind: their Origin and Destiny" (Longmans, 1872).
[179] "Catastrophe Magnatum: or the Fall of Monarchie. A Caveat to Magistrates, deduced from the Eclipse of the Sunne, March 29, 1652. With a probable Conjecture of the Determination of the Effects." By Nich. Culpeper, Gent., Stud. in Astrol. and Phys. Dan. ii. 21, 22: He changeth the times and the seasons: he removeth Kings, and setteth up Kings: he giveth wisdome to the Wise, and knowledge to them that know understanding: he revealeth the deep and secret things, he knoweth what is in the darkness, and the light dwelleth with him. London: Printed for T. Vere and Nath. Brooke, in the Old Baily, and at the Angel in Cornhil, 1652."
[180] See the Dictionary of Bohtlingk and Roth.
[181] Heb. ii. 14.
[182] 1 Cor. v. 5; xi. 30.
[183] 2 Cor. xii. 7.
[184] "Records of the Past," iii. p. 136. Tr. by Mr. Fox Talbot.
[185] Ibid., iii. p. 143. The refrain recalls the lines of Edgar A. Poe:--
They are neither man nor woman, They are neither brute nor human, They are ghouls!
[186] The Pahlavi Text has been prepared by Destur Jamaspji Asa, and translated by Haug and West. Trubner, 1872.
[187] Cf. fig. 9.
[188] Larousse"s "Dict. Universel."
[189] "Records," &c., iii. p. 141. Marduk is the Chaldaean Hercules.
[190] Micah vii. 19.
[191] See the excellent article in the Journal of the Ceylon Branch of the R.A.S., by Dundris De Silva Gooneratnee Modliar (1865-66). With regard to this sanct.i.ty of the number seven it may be remarked that it has spread through the world with Christianity,--seven churches, seven gifts of the Spirit, seven sins and virtues. It is easy therefore to mistake orthodox doctrines for survivals. In the London "Times" of June 24, 1875, there was reported an inquest at Corsham, Wiltshire, on the body of Miriam Woodham, who died under the prescriptions of William Bigwood, herbalist. It was shown that he used pills made of seven herbs. This was only shown to be a "pagan survival" when Bigwood stated that the herbs were "governed by the sun."
[192] See p. 44.
[193] "Jour. Ceylon R. A. Soc.," 1865-66.
[194] This demoness is not to be connected with the Italian Mania, probably of Etruscan origin, with which nurses frightened children. This Mania, from an old word ma.n.u.s signifying "good," was, from the relation of her name to Manes, supposed to be mother of the Lares, whose revisitations of the earth were generally of ill omen. According to an oracle which said heads should be offered for the sake of heads, children were sacrificed to this household fiend up to the time of Junius Brutus, who subst.i.tuted poppy-heads.
[195] Phaedrus, i. 549. Cf. Ger. selig and silly.
[196] "Lect. on Language," i. 435.
[197] Ralston"s "Songs of the Russian People," p. 230.
[198] "Sagen der Altmark." Von A. Kuhn. Berlin, 1843.
[199] Wake"s "Evolution of Morality," i. 107.
[200] "The Aborigines of Australia" (1865), p. 15.
[201] 2 Chron. x.x.xiii. 6.
[202] Published by Mozley and Smith, 1878.
[203] Max Muller. "Lectures on Language," ii. p. 562, et seq.
[204] See the beautifully translated funereal hymn of the Veda in Professor Whitney"s "Oriental and Linguistic Studies," p. 52, etc.
[205] "The Avesta." "Oriental and Linguistic Studies," p. 196.
[206] "Records of the Past," i. 143.
[207] Sale"s "Koran" (ed. 1836). See pp. 4, 339, 475.
[208] "Discoveries," &c., p. 223.