They kept up a heavy bombardment until three o"clock in the afternoon.
"Armistead at once opened the batteries of Fort McHenry upon them, but, after keeping up a brisk fire for some time, discovered that his missiles fell short and were harmless. It was a great disappointment to find that he must endure the tremendous shower of the sh.e.l.ls of the enemy without being able to return it in kind, or do anything whatever to check it. But our brave fellows kept at their posts, enduring the storm with great courage and fort.i.tude.
"At length a bomb-sh.e.l.l dismounted one of the twenty-four pounders, killing Lieutenant Claggett and wounding several of his men. That caused some confusion, which Cochrane perceived, and, hoping to profit by it, he ordered three of his bomb-vessels to move up nearer the fort, thinking to thus increase the effectiveness of his guns.
"No movement could have been more acceptable to Armistead, and he quickly took advantage of it, ordering a general cannonade and bombardment from every part of the fort, thus punishing the enemy so severely that in less than half an hour he fell back to his old anchorage.
"One of their rocket vessels was so badly injured that, to save her from being entirely destroyed, a number of small boats had to be sent to tow her out of the reach of Armistead"s guns. The garrison gave three cheers and ceased firing.
"The British vessels returned to their former stations and again opened fire, keeping up, with very little intermission, a furious bombardment until past midnight, when it was discovered that they (the British) had sent a pretty large force up the Patapsco to capture Fort Covington, commanded by Lieutenant Newcomb, of the United States Navy, and the City Battery, then attack Fort McHenry in the rear. For this purpose there had been sent one thousand two hundred and fifty men in barges, with scaling ladders and other implements for storming the fort. But providentially their errand was made known to the garrison of Fort McHenry in good season by the throwing up of rockets to examine the sh.o.r.es, and not the fort alone but also two redoubts on the Patapsco immediately opened a heavy fire upon them, and drove them away.
"So heavy was the firing that the houses of Baltimore were shaken to their very foundations. Lossing tells us that Rodgers"s men in Fort Covington worked their guns with effect, but to Webster"s continuous cannonade with his six gun battery Armistead said he was persuaded the country was much indebted for the final repulse of the enemy. The historian adds that he thinks it not too much to say that Webster"s gallant conduct on that occasion saved both Fort McHenry and the city."
"Were any of the British killed, sir?" asked Walter.
"Yes, a large number; also two of their vessels were sunk."
"And did they go on firing at the fort?"
"They did, until seven o"clock in the morning of the 14th, then ceased entirely."
"Oh, papa, you have not told us of the writing of the "Star-Spangled Banner"!" exclaimed Lulu. "Wasn"t it that night it was written?"
"Yes; by Mr. Francis S. Key, a resident of Georgetown in the District of Columbia, who was at that time a volunteer in the light artillery commanded by Major Peter.
"When the British returned to their vessels after the capture of Washington, they carried with them Dr. Beanes, a well known physician of Upper Marlborough. c.o.c.kburn carried him away on board the flag-ship of Admiral Cochrane, in spite of the intercession of his friends.
"Then Mr. Key was entreated by the friends to go to Cochrane and intercede for the doctor"s release. Key consented, obtained permission of the President, and went under a flag of truce in the cartel ship _Minden_ in company with General Skinner.
"When they reached the British fleet it was at the mouth of the Potomac, preparing to attack Baltimore, and though Cochrane agreed to release Dr.
Beanes, he refused to let him or his friends return then. They were placed on board the _Surprise_ and courteously treated. The fleet sailed up to the Patapsco, and they were transferred to their own vessel, but with a guard of marines to prevent them from landing and communicating with their friends and countrymen.
"Their vessel was anch.o.r.ed in sight of Fort McHenry, and from her deck the Americans watched the fight, oh, so anxiously! and though it was, as I have said, over before midnight, those anxious watchers did not know until morning how it had ended--whether by surrender of the fort, or the abandonment on the part of the enemy of the attempt to take it. It was with very anxious hearts they waited for the coming of the dawn, but at last, in the dim light, as the day began to break, their eyes were gladdened by the sight, through their gla.s.ses directed toward Fort McHenry, of the beautiful stars and stripes "still there," and to their great joy they soon learned that the attack on Baltimore had failed, that Ross was killed, and the British were returning to their vessels.
"It was while pacing the deck during the bombardment, full of anxiety for the result, that Mr. Key composed that song so dear to the American heart, "The Star-Spangled Banner.""
"Oh, let us sing it!" exclaimed Lulu, and with one consent, patriotic enthusiasm swelling in every breast, they did so, the voices of old and young uniting in the soul-stirring words.
"Oh, say, can you see, by the dawn"s early light, What so proudly we hailed at the twilight"s last gleaming?
Whose broad stripes and bright stars, through the perilous fight, O"er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming And the rockets" red glare The bombs bursting in air, Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there; Oh, say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave O"er the land of the free and the home of the brave?
"On that sh.o.r.e dimly seen through the mists of the deep, Where the foe"s haughty host in dread silence reposes, What is that which the breeze, o"er the towering steep, As it fitfully blows, now conceals, now discloses?
Now it catches the gleam Of the morning"s first beam, In full glory reflected, now shines in the stream; "Tis the star-spangled banner; oh, long may it wave O"er the land of the free and the home of the brave!
"And where are the foes who so vauntingly swore That the havoc of war, and the battle"s confusion, A home and a country should leave us no more?
Their blood has washed out their foul footsteps pollution; No refuge could save The hireling and slave, From the terror of flight, or the gloom of the grave; And the star-spangled banner in triumph doth wave O"er the land of the free and the home of the brave!
"Oh, thus be it ever, when freemen shall stand Between their loved homes and the war"s desolation!
Blest with victory and peace, may the heaven-rescued land Praise the Power that hath made and preserved us a nation!
Then conquer we must When our cause it is just, And this be our motto, "In G.o.d is our trust"; And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall wave O"er the land of the free and the home of the brave!"
A moment of silence followed the dying away of the last strains, then Captain Raymond resumed his narrative:
"The first rough notes of the song were written by Key upon the back of a letter he happened to have in his pocket, and after his arrival in Baltimore he wrote it out in full. The next morning he read it to his uncle, Judge Nicholson, one of the gallant defenders of the fort, asking his opinion of it. The judge was delighted with it, took it to the printing office of Captain Benjamin Edes, and directed copies to be struck off in handbill form. That was done, the handbills were distributed, and it was sung first in the street, in front of Edes"
office, by James Lawrenson, a lad but twelve years of age. That was on the second day after the bombardment of Fort McHenry. The song was "set up," printed, and distributed by another lad seventeen or eighteen years old, named Samuel Sands. It created intense enthusiasm, was sung nightly at the theater, and everywhere in public and private."
"Papa," asked Lulu, "what became of that very star-spangled banner Mr.
Key was looking for when he wrote the song?"
"I presume it is still in existence," replied her father. "Lossing says it was shown him in Baltimore, during the Civil War, by Christopher Hughes Armistead, the son of the gallant defender of the fort, and that it had in it eleven holes made by the shot of the British during the bombardment."
"Had not the British made very sure beforehand of being able to take Baltimore, Captain?" asked Evelyn.
"Yes; and their intention was to make it the base for future operations.
As early as the 17th of June a London paper said, "In the diplomatic circles it is rumored that our naval and military commanders on the American station have no power to conclude any armistice or suspension of arms. They carry with them certain terms which will be offered to the American government at the point of the bayonet. There is reason to believe that America will be left in a much worse situation, as a naval and commercial power, than she was at the commencement of the war."
"Ah, but they crowed too soon--before they were out of the woods,"
laughed Walter. "They needed the lesson they got at Baltimore, and the one Jackson gave them some months later at New Orleans."
CHAPTER VIII.
"CAPTAIN, I fear we have been imposing sadly upon good nature in asking so much history of you in one evening," remarked Grandma Elsie; "and you have been extremely kind in complying with the request."
"It has been a pleasure to me, mother," he returned. "There is hardly a subject more interesting to me than the history of my dear native land, and it is my ardent desire to train and teach my children to be earnestly, intelligently patriotic."
"Including your pupils in the list, I presume, sir?" supplemented Rosie, with a saucy smile up into his face.
"Of course, little sister, and as many others as I can influence," was his pleasant toned rejoinder. "But I am happy to believe that there are few Americans who are not ardent lovers of their own country, considering it the best the sun shines upon."
"As it certainly is, sir!" exclaimed Walter. "I"m more thankful than words can express that G.o.d gave me my birth in the United States of America."
"As I have no doubt we all are, little brother," said Violet. "But to change the subject: when shall we take that delightful trip to New Orleans? I suppose the sooner the better, that we may not be too much hurried with the necessary dressmaking?"
"I think so," said her mother, "for both the reason you have given and because the weather will soon become unpleasantly warm for shopping in the city."
"You are going with us, mamma?" queried Rosie.
"I really have not thought of it, and probably it would be more prudent for me to stay quietly where I am, Rosie dear," she replied.
"Oh, mamma, we must have you along if you are able to go!" exclaimed Walter. "Please do say that you will."
"Yes, mamma dear, I think it would do you good," said Violet; and all the young folks joined urgently in the request that she would make one of the party.
"Perhaps you might, Elsie," her father said in reply to an inquiring look directed to him. "I incline to the opinion that such a change, after your long seclusion here, might, probably would be, of benefit."