He may have to go a dozen miles out to sea. Now and then, to vary the paddling, he throws a bird-dart. Like the Eskimo harpoon, this dart and the stick that throws it are most ingenious contrivances, and beautifully wrought.
The hunter grabs the beak of a wounded bird in his teeth, and with a wrench breaks the creature"s neck. He then ties his prey to the rear of the kayak and grins at the other hunters.
At the hunting-ground, seals" heads are to be seen everywhere, like raisins in a pudding. This is not sealing on the ice, as along the coast of Newfoundland: it is hunting them in open water--a very different thing.
Papik (let us call him) spots the seal he wants and creeps up on it, paddling warily.
The seal, a wise creature where such hunting is concerned, sees him and dives.
Papik rests on his paddle, and gets his harpoon ready for the reappearance of the seal.
It is a waiting game. Whenever the seal bobs up, the kayak is a little nearer, for while the seal is under water a few strokes of the paddle have cut down the distance.
A seal can stay under water a long, long time.
But an Eskimo, for his part, can sit all day as still as a tombstone in a cemetery.
Woe be to the furry creature, if it waits a fraction of a second too long before it dives!
In the clear sunlight the shaft flashes whistling from the throwing stick, the barb strikes, and the seal goes down in a welter of blood-stained foam. At the end of the harpoon line is a bladder--and as the bladder dances away over the surface, sometimes bobbing out of sight, Papik is after it like a hound chasing a rabbit.
The bladder is to the barbed harpoon what the fisherman"s float is to the baited hook.
When the seal comes up, furious to attack and punish the hunter, it first tears the bladder in pieces--then it makes at the kayak.
But Papik is calmly ready. He has a lance with which he takes careful aim.
The seal comes on, bent double to hurl itself forward with all its might. It seems strange that a creature usually so gentle can show such ferocity.
The lance is flung. It goes through the seal"s mouth and comes out at the back of the neck. The seal shakes its head violently, but it is doomed.
Papik"s second lance strikes through a flipper into the lungs.
The seal is still alive as he comes close. Papik stabs it with his long knife, and it ceases to struggle at last. The seal is a creature that clings to life a long, long time. He ties the seal to the stern of the kayak, rearranges his apparatus, coils his rope, puts his lances in their place, and is ready for another. If he is in luck, he may paddle homeward with four seals, and even more, in his wake.
If a storm comes before he gets to the sh.o.r.e, his watermanship is severely tested. He fights not only to bring his boat and himself through the tumult of the waters: he means to save every one of those carca.s.ses wallowing along behind.
In the midst of his hard fighting with the waves, which turn him over and roll him about, as he stubbornly rights himself after each capsizing and hurls himself through the next curving green hillside of water, he comes upon a helpless comrade.
Ordinarily, the second man, Patuak, could bob up again and go on, like stalwart Papik.
But Patuak"s jacket worked loose at the rim of the body-hole of the kayak. The water rushed in. Now he is water-logged. He will lose his boat, his seals, his life, unless Papik can save him.
Is Papik tempted to think only of himself and leave Patuak to his fate? If he is, it does not appear in what he does. He runs his kayak alongside that of his friend: he puts his paddle across both boats, and if he cannot bring in both kayaks, with such help as Patuak is able to give, he may even carry Patuak lying across the prow of his own boat.
It is easier to drown a seal than to drown an Eskimo.
The women stand on the rocks, shielding their eyes with their hands as they gaze eagerly seaward--just as the women of Nantucket stood on the roofs of the houses in olden times watching and waiting for the whaling-fleet.
At the first sign of the approaching hunters a cry goes up: "They are coming!"
Then they begin to count.
They thank their own idea of Heaven when they find that--seals or no seals--their men are coming back in safety.
If a man is towing seals, they shout his name with joy--and after it put the word "kaligpok," which means "towing."
The women haul in the boats, rub noses with their husbands to show their affection, and proceed to prepare the feast of raw blubber.
After that feast the men tell the story of the day"s work--without boasting, but with touches of humor that send the listeners off into ringing peals of laughter.
The story-telling is a part of the seal-hunt. The phrases are straight-flung as a seal-lance.
"When the time came for using the harpoon, I looked to it, I took it, I seized it, I gripped it, I had it fast in my hand, I balanced it"--and so on. The audience, mouths agape, misses no word. It is the nearest thing the Eskimos have to motion pictures--and what a motion picture the whole of the seal-hunt is! No wonder the hunter lolls back like a lord, and lets himself be waited on, a conquering hero.
The old men feel their youth renewed as they sit and listen to these wonder-tales. In their turn, they are moved to tell how they met the walrus in fair fight and overcame him. Perhaps the dreaded tusk went right through the side of the boat and wounded the hunter. But there are no friends like Eskimo friends for a man in such a plight. They killed the walrus--they dined off the meat--and the tusks are kept to this day to show for it. A skin canoe against a walrus--that is a battle indeed. The younger men know what it means: and the old man is comforted by the remembrance of what he used to be.
They are patient people, the Eskimo, and they need all the patience they have. An Inspector sent a boat-load of Eskimo to a fiord to get some gra.s.s for his goats.
They were gone a long time, and he wondered what had become of them.
When at last they returned, he asked them why they remained away so long. They told him that when they got to the place where he told them to go, they found the gra.s.s was too short. So they had to sit down and wait until it grew. Their time was of no value. And they had their orders to obey!
The world owes it to these brave people not to take from them their birthright to their few possessions in the far places where they dwell.
VII
LITTLE PRINCE POMIUK
There was an Eskimo boy named Pomiuk who lived in the far north of Labrador, at Nachoak Bay. Pomiuk had the regular sea-and-land training of the Eskimo boy. In summer his family lived in a skin tent, in winter they occupied an ice igloo. It is a fine art making one of those rounded domes--the curving blocks must be shaped and fitted exactly, so as to come out even at the top.
Blubber in a stone dish supplied light and heat. If the air got too thick, father could thrust the handle of his dog-whip through the roof. n.o.body bothered about bathing on Sat.u.r.day night, and n.o.body minded the smell of rotten whale-meat for the dogs. In an atmosphere that would stifle a white man, Pomiuk and his brothers and sisters throve and laughed and had the time of their lives. Pomiuk had his own whip of braided walrus hide, and even when he was little the dogs respected him and ran forward when he shouted "oo-isht!" turned to the right at "ouk!" and stopped and sat down panting when he shouted "ah!"
When Pomiuk was ten years old a ship came on a strange errand.
Pomiuk"s family and their friends were fishing for cod. But when the strange ship dropped anchor, they flocked to it shouting in their own tongue "Stranger! stranger!" When they learned why it came they were amazed.
An Eskimo interpreter who came with the white men from the south explained that what they wanted was to take the Eskimo to that far-off land called America, where at a place called Chicago most wonderful things were gathered together in huge igloos for all the world to see.
They wanted the Eskimo to come themselves and to bring with them their boats and dogs, their sleds, their tools, their clothing, and the things with which they hunted whales and seals and polar bears. In fact the white men could not pretend to show the world anything very remarkable, unless such clever people as the Eskimo brought their things with them.
The men from the south urged and flattered and argued till a number of the Eskimo let themselves be persuaded. The Eskimo had no idea of the trouble and disaster they were letting themselves in for, or they never would have started. The beautiful fairy-tales told by the white men inflamed their imaginations. They had always been very well pleased with their own white, cold world of whales and seals and kayaks--those canoes in which they are as much at home as the fish in the sea. But here was a chance to travel, and see marvels, and come home and rouse the envy of those who had not dared. It was too good a chance to miss. They would return rich men, and have nothing to do but brag about their adventures for the rest of their lives.
Pomiuk"s father didn"t care to go. But he was broad-minded. It was a big sacrifice for him to part with his wife and son, for it is the teeth of the women that must chew the sealskins to make them pliable for shoes and clothes: it is the fingers of women that do all the sewing. But Pomiuk"s mother could show the helpless white women how to make skin boots, and Pomiuk could teach the paleface men and children to use the dog whip as he used it every day. If the Eskimo brought back money enough to buy many things at the nearest trading-post, the time spent on the long southward trek would not be wasted. The Eskimo, unlike the northern Indian, is a good business man, counting his puppies after they are born and his fox-skins before he spends them.
So the Eskimo sailed away from their own coast, with a gnawing homesickness at heart, though their lips were silent about it: and when they got to Chicago the life was strange with hideous sight and sound, and altogether unbearable: and they longed to get away from it to the sea and the ice and behold again their northern lights, which to the Eskimo are the spirits of the dead at play.