The Spanish ships were in a hopeless state. Shortly after eleven the Americans returned and ranged up again before the ships of Spain, nearly all of which were in flames. For an hour and a quarter longer the blazing ships were pounded with shot and sh.e.l.l, the Spaniards feebly replying. At the end of that time the work was at an end, the batteries being silenced and the ships sunk, their upper works still blazing. Of their crews, nearly a thousand had perished in the fight.
Thus ended one of the most remarkable naval battles in history. For more than three hours the American ships had been targets for a hot fire from the Spanish fleet and forts, and during all that time not a man had been killed and not a ship seriously injured. Meanwhile, the Spanish fleet had ceased to exist. Its burnt remains lay on the bottom of the bay. The forts had been battered into shapeless heaps of earth, their garrisons killed or put to flight. It was an awful example of the difference between accurate gunnery and firing at random.
Two months later a second example of the same character was made. Spain"s finest squadron, consisting of the four first-cla.s.s armored cruisers Maria Teresa, Vizcaya, Almirante Oquendo, and Cristobal Colon, with two torpedo-boat destroyers, lay in the harbor of Santiago de Cuba, blockaded by a powerful American fleet of battle-ships and cruisers under Admiral Sampson. They were held in a close trap. The town was being besieged by land. Sampson"s fleet far outnumbered them at sea. They must either surrender with the town or take the forlorn hope of escape by flight.
The latter was decided upon. On the morning of July 3 the lookout on the Brooklyn, Commodore Schley"s flag-ship, reported that a ship was coming out of the harbor. The cloud of moving smoke had been seen at the same instant from the battle-ship Iowa, and in an instant the Sunday morning calm on these vessels was replaced by intense excitement.
Mast-head signals told the other ships of what was in view, the men rushed in mad haste to quarters, the guns were made ready for service, ammunition was hoisted, coal hurled into the furnaces, and every man on the alert. It was like a man suddenly awoke from sleep with an alarm cry: at one moment silent and inert, in the next moment thrilling with intense life and activity.
This was not a battle; it was a flight and pursuit. The Spaniards as soon as the harbor was cleared opened a hot fire on the Brooklyn, their nearest antagonist, which they wished to disable through fear of her superior speed. But their gunnery here was like that at Manila, their sh.e.l.ls being wasted through unskilful handling. On the other hand the fire from the American ships was frightful, precise, and destructive, the fugitive ships being rapidly torn by such a rain of sh.e.l.ls as had rarely been seen before.
Turning down the coast, the fugitive ships drove onward at their utmost speed. After them came the cruiser Brooklyn and the battle-ships Texas, Iowa, Oregon, and Indiana, hurling sh.e.l.ls from their great guns in their wake. The New York, Admiral Sampson"s flag-ship, was distant several miles up the coast, too far away to take part in the fight.
Such a hail of shot, sent with such accurate aim, could not long be endured. The Maria Teresa, Admiral Cervera"s flag-ship, was quickly in flames, while sh.e.l.ls were piercing her sides and bursting within. The main steam-pipe was severed, the pump was put out of service, the captain was killed. Lowering her flag, the vessel headed for the sh.o.r.e, where she was quickly beached.
The Almirante Oquendo, equally punished, followed the same example, a ma.s.s of flames shrouding her as she rushed for the beach. The Vizcaya was the next to succ.u.mb, after a futile effort to ram the Brooklyn. One sh.e.l.l from the cruiser went the entire length of her gun-deck, killing or wounding all the men on it. The Oregon was pouring sh.e.l.ls into her hull, and she in turn, burning fiercely, was run ash.o.r.e. She had made a flight of twenty miles.
Only one of the Spanish cruisers remained,-the Cristobal Colon. She had pa.s.sed all her consorts, and when the Vizcaya went ash.o.r.e was six miles ahead of the Brooklyn and more than seven miles from the Oregon. It looked as if she might escape. But she would have to round Cape Cruz by a long detour, and the Brooklyn was headed straight for the cape, while the Oregon kept on the Colon"s trail.
An hour, a second hour, pa.s.sed; the pursuers were gaining mile by mile; the spurt of speed of the Colon was at an end. One of the great 13-inch sh.e.l.ls of the Oregon, fired from four miles away, struck the water near the Colon. A second fell beyond her. An 8-inch sh.e.l.l from the Brooklyn pierced her above her armor-belt. At one o"clock both ships were pounding away at her, an ineffective fire being returned. At 1.20 she hauled down her flag, and, like her consorts, ran ash.o.r.e. She had made a run of forty-eight miles.
About six hundred men were killed on the Spanish ships; the American loss was one man killed and one wounded. The ships of Spain were blazing wrecks; those of the United States were none the worse for the fight. It was like the victory at Manila repeated. It resembled the latter in another particular, two torpedo-boats taking part in the affair. These were attacked by the Gloucester, a yacht converted into a gunboat, and dealt with so shrewdly that both of them were sunk.
The battle ended, efforts to save on the part of the American ships succeeded the effort to destroy, the Yankee tars showing as much courage and daring in their attempts to rescue the wounded from the decks of the burning ships as they had done in the fight. The ships were blazing fore and aft, their guns were exploding from the heat, at any moment the fire might reach the main magazines. A heavy surf made the work of rescue doubly dangerous; yet no risk could deter the American sailors while the chance to save one of the wounded remained, and they made as proud a record on the decks of the burning ships as they had done behind the guns.
These two signal victories were the great events of the war. Conjoined with one victory on land, they put an end to the conflict. Without a fleet, and with no means of aiding her Cuban troops, Spain was helpless, and the naval victories at Manila and Santiago, in which one man was killed, virtually settled the question of Cuban independence, and taught the nations of Europe that a new and great naval power had arisen, with which they would have to deal when they next sought to settle the destinies of the world.
THE END.