8. Meltzoff, A.N., and Decety, J. (2003). What imitation tells us about social cognition: A rapprochement between developmental psychology and cognitive neuroscience. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B: Biological Sciences 358: 491500.
9. Legerstee, M. (1991). The role of person and object in eliciting early imitation. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 5: 42333.
10. For a review, see: Puce, A., and Perrett, D. (2005). Electrophysiology and brain imaging of biological motion. In Cacioppo, J.T., and Berntson, G.G. (eds.), Social Neuroscience (pp. 11529). New York: Psychology Press.
11. Meltzoff, A.N., and Moore, M.K. (1994). Imitation, memory, and the representation of persons. Infant Behavior and Development 17: 8399.
12. Meltzoff, A.N., and Moore, M.K. (1998). Object representation, ident.i.ty, and the paradox of early permanence: Steps toward a new framework. Infant Behavior and Development 21: 21035.
13. Nadel, J. (2002). Imitation and imitation recognition: Funcional use in preverbal infants and nonverbal children with autism. In Meltzoff, A., and Prinz, W. (eds.), The Imitative Mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
14. de Waal, F. (2002). The Ape and the Sushi Master: Cultural Reflections of a Primatologist. New York: Basic Books.
15. Visalberghi, E., and Fragaszy, D.M. (1990). Do monkeys ape? In Parker, S.T., and Gibson, K.R. (eds.), Language and Intelligence in Monkeys and Apes (pp. 24773). New York: Cambridge University Press.
16. Whiten, A., and Ham, R. (1992). On the nature and evolution of imitation in the animal kingdom: Reappraisal of a century of research. In Slater, P.J.B., Rosenblatt, J.S., Beer, C., and Milinski, M. (eds.), Advances in the Study of Behavior (pp. 23983). New York: Academic Press.
17. k.u.mashiro, M., Ishibashi, H., Uchiyama, Y., Itakura, S., Murata, A., and Iriki, A. (2003). Natural imitation induced by joint attention in j.a.panese monkeys. International Journal of Psychophysiology 50: 8199.
18. Zentall, T. (2006). Imitation: Definitions, evidence, and mechanisms. Animal Cognition 9: 33553.
19. See review in: Bauer, B.B., and Harley, H. (2001). The mimetic dolphin. Behavior and Brain Science 24: 32627. Commentary in: Rendell, L., and Whitehead, H. (2001). Culture in whales and dolphins. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 24: 30982.
20. Giles, H., and Powesland, P.F. (1975). Speech Style and Social Evaluation. London: Academic Press.
21. For a review, see: Chartrand, T., Maddux, W., and Lakin, J. (2005). Beyond the perception-behavior link: The ubiquitous utility and motivational moderators of nonconscious mimicry. In Ha.s.sin, T., Uleman, J.J., and Bargh, J.A. (eds.), Unintended Thoughts, vol. 2: The New Unconscious. New York: Oxford University Press.
22. Dimberg, U., Thunberg, M., and Elmehed, K. (2000). Unconscious facial reactions to emotional facial expressions. Psychological Science 11: 8689.
23. Bavelas, J.B., Black, A., Chovil, N., Lemery, C., and Mullett, J. (1988). Form and function in motor mimicry: Topographic evidence that the primary function is communication. Human Communication Research 14: 275300.
24. Cappella, J.M., and Pa.n.a.lp, S. (1981). Talk and silence sequences in informal conversations, III: Interspeaker influence. Human Communication Research 7: 11732.
25. Van Baaren, R.B., Holland, R.W., Kawakami, K., and van Knippenberg, A. (2004). Mimicry and prosocial behavior. Psychological Science 15: 7174.
26. Decety, J., and Jackson, P.L. (2004). The functional architecture of human empathy. Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews 3: 71100.
27. Hatfield, E., Cacioppo, J.T., and Rapson, R.L. (1993). Emotional contagion. Current Directions in Psychological Sciences 2: 9699.
28. Gazzaniga, M.S., and Smylie, C.S. (1990). Hemispheric mechanisms controlling voluntary and spontaneous facial expressions. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2: 23945.
29. Damasio, A. (2003). Looking for Spinoza. New York: Harcourt.
30. Dondi, M., Simion, F., and Caltran, G. (1999). Can newborns discriminate between their own cry and the cry of another newborn infant? Developmental Psychology 35: 41826.
31. Martin, G.B., and Clark, R.D. (1982). Distress crying in neonates: Species and peer specificity. Developmental Psychology 18: 39.
32. Neumann, R., and Strack, F. (2000). "Mood contagion": The automatic transfer of mood between persons. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 79: 21123.
33. Field, T. (1984). Early interactions between infants and their postpartum depressed mothers. Infant Behavior and Development 7: 51722.
34. Field, T. (1985). Attachment as psychobiological attunement: Being on the same wavelength. In Reite, M., and Field, T. (eds.), Psychobiology of Attachment and Separation (pp. 41554). New York: Academic Press.
35. Field, T., Healy, B., Goldstein, S., Perry, S., Bendell, D., Schanberg, S., Zimmerman, E.A., and Kuhn, C. (1988). Infants of depressed mothers show "depressed" behavior even with nondepressed adults. Child Development 59: 156979.
36. Cohn, J.F., Matias, R., Tronick, E.Z., Connell, D., and Lyons-Ruth, K. (1986). Face-to-face interactions of depressed mothers and their infants. In Tronick, E.Z., and Field, T. (eds.), Maternal Depression and Infant Disturbance (pp. 3145). San Francisco: Jossey-Ba.s.s.
37. Penfield, W., and Faulk, M.E. (1955). The insula: Further observations on its function. Brain 78: 44570.
38. Krolak-Salmon, P., Henaff, M.A., Isnard, J., Tallon-Baudry, C., Guenot, M., Vighetto, A., Bertrand, O., and Mauguiere, F. (2003). An attention modulated response to disgust in human ventral anterior insula. Annals of Neurology 53: 44653.
39. Wicker, B., Keysers, C., Plailly, J., Royet, J.P., Gallese, V., and Rizzolatti, G. (2003). Both of us disgusted in my insula: The common neural basis of seeing and feeling disgust. Neuron 400: 65564.
40. Singer, T., Seymour, B., O"Doherty, J., Kaube, H., Dolan, R.J., and Frithe, C.D. (2004). Empathy for pain involves the affective but no sensory components of pain. Science 303: 115762.
41. Jackson, P.L., Meltzoff, A.N., and Decety, J. (2005). How do we perceive the pain of others? A window into the neural processes involved in empathy. Neuroimage 24: 77179.
42. Hutchison, W.D., Davis, K.D., Lozano, A.M., Tasker, R.R., and Dostrovsky, J.O. (1999). Pain-related neurons in the human cingulate cortex. Nature Neuroscience 2: 4035.
43. Ekman, P., Levenson, R.W., and Freisen, W.V. (1983). Autonomic nervous system activity distinguishes among emotions. Science 221: 120810.
44. Ekman, P., and Davidson, R.J. (1993). Voluntary smiling changes regional brain activity. Psychological Science 4: 34245.
45. Levenson, R.W., and Ruef, A.M. (1992). Empathy: A physiological substrate. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 663: 23446.
46. Critchley, H.D., Wiens, S., Rotshtein, P., ohman, A., and Dolan, R.J. (2004). Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness. Nature Neuroscience 7: 18995.
47. Craig, A.D. (2004). Human feelings: Why are some more aware than others? Trends in Cognitive Sciences 8: 23941.
48. Calder, A.J., Keane, J., Manes, F., Antoun, N., and Young, A. (2000). Impaired recognition and experience of disgust following brain injury. Nature Neuroscience 3: 107778.
49. Adolphs, R., Tranel, D., and Damasio, A.R. (2003). Dissociable neural systems for recognizing emotions. Brain and Cognition 52: 6169.
50. Adolphs, R., Tranel, D., Damasio, H., and Damasio, A. (1994). Impaired recognition of emotion in facial expressions following bilateral damage to the human amygdala. Nature 372: 66972.
51. Broks, P., et al. (1998). Face processing impairments after encephalitis: Amygdala damage and recognition of fear. Neuropsychologia 36: 5970.
52. Adolphs, R., Damasio, H., Tranel, D., and Damasio, A.R. (1996). Cortical systems for the recognition of emotion in facial expressions. Journal of Neuroscience 16: 767887.
53. Adolphs, R., et al. (1999). Recognition of facial emotion in nine individuals with bilateral amygdala damage. Neuropsychologia 37: 111117.
54. Sprengelmeyer, R., et al. (1999). Knowing no fear. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B: Biological Sciences 266: 245156.
55. Lawrence, A.D., Calder, A.J., McGowan, S.W., and Grasby, P.M. (2002). Selective disruption of the recognition of facial expressions of anger. NeuroReport 13: 88184.
56. Meunier, M., Bachevalier, J., Murray, E.A., Malkova, L., Mishkin, M. (1999). Effects of aspiration versus neurotoxic lesions of the amygdala on emotional responses in monkeys. European Journal of Neuroscience 11: 440318.
57. Church, R.M. (1959). Emotional reactions of rats to the pain of others. Journal of Comparative and Physiologcal Psychology 52: 13234.
58. Anderson, J.R., Myowa-Yamakoshi, M., and Matsuzawa, T. (2004). Contagious yawning in chimpanzees. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B: Biological Sciences 27: 46870.
59. Platek, S.M., Critton, S.R., Myers, T.E., and Gallup, G.G., Jr. (2003). Contagious yawning: The role of self-awareness and mental state attribution. Cognitive Brain Research 17:22327.
60. Platek, S., Mohamed, F., and Gallup, G.G., Jr. (2005). Contagious yawning and the brain. Cognitive Brain Research 23: 44853.
61. Kohler, E., Keysers, C., Umilta, M.A., Foga.s.si, L, Gallese, B., and Rizzolatti, G. (2002). Hearing sounds, understanding actions: Action representation in mirror neurons. Science 297: 84648.
62. Iacoboni, M., Woods, R.P., Bra.s.s, M., Bekkering, H., Mazziotta, J.C., and Rizzolatti, G. (1999). Cortical mechanisms of human imitation. Science 286: 252628.
63. Buccino, G., Binkofski, F., Fink, G.R., Fadiga, L., Foga.s.si, L., Gallese, V., Seitz, R.J., Zilles, K., Rizzolatti, G., and Freund, H.J. (2005). Action observation activates premotor and parietal areas in a somatotopic manner: An fMRI study. In Cacioppo, J.T., and Berntson, G.G. (eds.), Social Neuroscience. New York: Psychology Press.
64. Fadiga, L., Foga.s.si, L., Pavesi, G., and Rizzolatti, G. (1995). Motor facilitation during action observation: A magnetic stimulation study. Journal of Neurophysiology 73: 260811.
65. Rizzolatti, G., and Craighero, L. (2004). The mirror neuron system. Annual Review of Neuroscience 27: 16992.
66. Buccino, G., Vogt, S., Ritzl, A., Fink, G.R., Zilles, K., Freund, H.J., and Rizzolatti, G. (2004). Neural circuits underlying imitation of hand action: An event-related fMRI study. Neuron 42: 32334.
67. Iacoboni, M., Molnar-Szakacs, I., Gallese, V., Buccino, G., Mazziotta, J.C., and Rizzolatti, G. (2005). Grasping the intentions of others with one"s own mirror neuron system. Public Library of Science: Biology 3: 17.
68. Gallese, V., Keysers, C., and Rizzolatti, G. (2004). A unifying view of the basis of social cognition. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 8: 396403.
69. Oberman, L.M., Hubbard, E.M., McCleery, J.P., Altschuler, E.L., Ramachandran, V.S., and Pineda, J.A. (2005). EEG evidence for mirror neuron dysfunction in autism spectrum disorders. Cognitive Brain Research 24: 19098.
70. Dapretto, M., Davies, M.S., Pfeifer, J.H., Scott, A.A., Sigman, M., Bookheimer, S.Y., and Iacoboni, M. (2006). Understanding emotions in others: Mirror neuron dysfunction in children with autism spectrum disorder. Nature Neuroscience 9: 2830.
71. Eastwood, C. (1973), from the movie Magnum Force. Burbank, CA: Malpaso Productions.
72. Calder, A.J., Keane, J., Cole, J., Campbell, R., and Young, A.W. (2000). Facial expression recognition by people with Mobius syndrome. Cognitive Neuropsychology 17: 7387.
73. Danziger, N., Prkachin, K.M., and Willer, J.C. (2006). Is pain the price of empathy? The perception of others" pain in patients with congenital insensitivity to pain. Brain 129: 24942507.
74. Hess, U., and Blairy, S. (2001). Facial mimicry and emotional contagion to dynamic facial expressions and their influence on decoding accuracy. International Journal of Psychophysiology 40: 12941.
75. Lanzetta, J.T., and Englis, B.G. (1989). Expectations of cooperation and compet.i.tion and their effects on observers" vicarious emotional responses. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 33: 35470.
76. Bourgeois, P., and Hess, U. (1999). Emotional reactions to political leaders" facial displays: A replication. Psychophysiology 36: S36.
77. Balzac, H. de (1898). Modeste Mignon. Philadelphia: Gebbie Publishing.
78. Ochsner, K.N., Bunge, S.A., Gross, J.J., and Gabrieli, J.D.E. (2002). Rethinking feelings: An fMRI study of the cognitive regulation of emotion. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 14: 121529.
79. Canli, T., Desmond, J.E., Zhao, Z., Glover, G., and Gavrielli, J.D.E. (1998). Hemispheric asymmetry for emotional stimuli detected with fMRI. NeuroReport 9: 323339.
80. Gross, J.J. (2002). Emotion regulation: Affective, cognitive, and social consequences. Psychophysiology 39: 28191.
81. Uchno, B.N., Cacioppo, J.T., and Kiecolt-Glaser, J.K. (1996). The relationship between social support and physiological processes: A review with emphasis on underlying mechanisms and implications for health. Psychological Bulletin 119: 488531.
82. Butler, E.A., Egloff, B., Wilhelm, F.H., Smith, N.C., Erickson, E.A., and Gross, J.J. (2003). The social consequences of expressive suppression. Emotion 3: 4867.
83. For a review, see: Niedenthal, P., Barsalou, L., Ric, F., and Krauth-Graub, S. (2005). Embodiment in the acquisition and use of emotion knowledge. In Barret, L., Niedenthal, P., and Winkielman, P. (eds.), Emotion and Consciousness. New York: Guilford Press.
84. Osaka, N., Osaka, M., Moris.h.i.ta, M., Kondo, H., and f.u.kuyama, H. (2004). A word expressing affective pain activates the anterior cingulate cortex in the human brain: An fMRI study. Behavioural Brain Research 153: 12327.
85. Meister, I.G., Krings, T., Foltys, H., Muller, M., Topper, R., and Thron, A. (2004). Playing piano in the mind-an fMRI study on music imagery and performance in pianists. Cognitive Brain Research 19: 21928.
86. Phelps, E., O"Conner, K., Gatenby, J., Grillon, C., Gore, J., and Davis, M. (2001). Activation of the left amygdala to a cognitive representation of fear. Nature Neuroscience 4: 43741.
87. Repacholi, B.M., and Gopnik, A. (1997). Early reasoning about desires: Evidence from 14- and 18-month-olds. Developmental Psychology 33: 1221.
88. Keysar, B., Lin, S., and Barr, D.J. (2003). Limits on theory of mind in adults. Cognition 89: 2541.
89. Nickerson, R.S. (1999). How we know and sometimes misjudge what others know: Imputing one"s own knowledge to others. Psychological Bulletin 126: 73759.
90. Vorauer, J.D., and Ross, M. (1999). Self-awareness and feeling transparent: Failing to suppress one"s self. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 35: 41440.
91. Ruby, P., and Decety, J. (2001). Effect of subjective perspective taking during simulation of action: A PET investigation of agency. Nature Neuroscience 4: 54650.
92. Ruby, P., and Decety, J. (2003). What you believe versus what you think they believe: A neuroimaging study of conceptual perspective taking. European Journal of Neuroscience 17: 247580.
93. Ruby, P., and Decety, J. (2004). How would you feel versus how do you think she would feel? A neuroimaging study of perspective taking with social emotions. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 16: 98899.
94. Blanke, O., Ortigue, S., Landis, T., and Seeck, M. (2002). Neuropsychology: Stimulating illusory own-body perceptions. Nature 419: 26970.
95. Blanke, O., and Arzy, S. (2005). The out-of-body experience: Disturbed self-processing at the temporo-parietal junction. Neuroscientist 11: 1624.
96. Saxe, R., and Kanwisher, N. (2005). People thinking about thinking people: The role of the temporo-parietal junction in "theory of mind." In Cacioppo, J.T., and Berntson, G.G. (eds.), Social Neuroscience. New York: Psychology Press.
97. Price, B.H., Daffner, K.R., Stowe, R.M., and Mesulam, M.M. (1990). The compartmental learning disabilities of early frontal lobe damage. Brain 113: 138393.
98. Anderson, S.W., Bechara, A., Damasio, H., Tranel, D., and Damasio, A.R. (1999). Impairment of social and moral behavior related to early damage in human prefrontal cortex. Nature Neuroscience 2: 103237.
99. Jackson, P.L., Brunet, E., Meltzoff, A.N., and Decety, J. (2006). Empathy examined through the neural mechanisms involved in imagining how I feel versus how you feel pain. Neuropsychologia 44: 75261.
100. Mitch.e.l.l, J.P., Macrae, C.N., and Banaji, M.R. (2006). Dissociable medial prefrontal contributions to judgments of similar and dissimilar others. Neuron 50: 65563.
101. Demoulin, S., Torres, R.R., Perez, A.R., Vaes, J., Paladino, M.P., Gaunt, R., Pozo, B.C., and Leyens, J.P. (2004). Emotional prejudice can lead to infra-humanisation. In Stroebe, W., and Hewstone, M. (eds.), European Review of Social Psychology (pp. 25996). Hove, UK: Psychology Press.
102. Ames, D.R. (2004). Inside the mind reader"s tool kit: Projection and stereotyping in mental state inference. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 87: 34053.
103. Hare, B., Call, J., and Tomasello, M. (2006). Chimpanzees deceive a human compet.i.tor by hiding. Cognition 101: 495514.
104. Hauser, M.D. (1990). Do chimpanzee copulatory calls incite malemale compet.i.tion? Animal Behaviour 39: 59697.
105. Watts, D., and Mitani, J. (2001). Boundary patrols and intergroup encounters in wild chimpanzees. Behaviour 138: 299327.
106. Wilson, M., Hauser, M.D., and Wrangham, R. (2001). Does partic.i.p.ation in intergroup conflict depend on numerical a.s.sessment, range location, or rank for wild chimpanzees? Animal Behaviour 61: 120316.
107. Parr, L.A. (2001). Cognitive and physiological markers of emotional awareness in chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes. Animal Cognition 4: 22329.