10 "to kill them all": Bailey, 192, 194. "to kill them all": Bailey, 192, 194.
11 "could scarcely believe": Breitman and Kraut, 230. "could scarcely believe": Breitman and Kraut, 230.
12 "My hunch is that you have lots of chances": Sigrid Schultz to Dodd, Nov. 30, 1938, Box 56, W. E. Dodd Papers. "My hunch is that you have lots of chances": Sigrid Schultz to Dodd, Nov. 30, 1938, Box 56, W. E. Dodd Papers.
13 "It was not my fault": For details on this episode, see "It was not my fault": For details on this episode, see New York Times New York Times, Dec. 9 and Dec. 10, 1938; March 3 and May 7, 1939; Bailey, 19596; Dallek, 332.
14 A front-page article: United Press, "Dodd Is Attacked...", n.d., Box 2, Martha Dodd Papers. A front-page article: United Press, "Dodd Is Attacked...", n.d., Box 2, Martha Dodd Papers.
15 "ill and not entirely responsible": Bailey, 199. "ill and not entirely responsible": Bailey, 199.
16 "If they had co-operated": Dallek, 332. "If they had co-operated": Dallek, 332.
17 By fall, Dodd was confined: Bailey, 199200; By fall, Dodd was confined: Bailey, 199200; New York Times New York Times, Feb. 10, 1940.
18 He was buried: Martha later had Dodd"s body moved to Rock Creek Cemetery in Washington, D.C., Dec. 6, 1946, Section L., Lot 37, Site 4. One lovely spring afternoon, accompanied by one of my daughters, I visited the Stoneleigh Golf and Country Club, which is part of a development that includes large faux-colonial houses on outsized parcels of land an hour or so west of Washington, D.C. Though the golf course (18 holes, par 72) is necessarily closely manicured, I nonetheless got a sense of how compelling this terrain must have been for Dodd, especially during his first visit home from Berlin when the farm"s soft hills must have been deeply soothing. His old barn is still there and a few stretches of ancient stone fence, but now instead of pigs the barn shelters ma.s.ses of suckling golf carts. Dodd took a dim view of golf and golfers, especially those members of his Berlin staff who were continually skipping work to play a few rounds at their Wannsee club. It is a good thing Martha moved his body, because his ghost surely would have proved a daunting hazard, blocking putts and hurling b.a.l.l.s far off into the adjacent swales and roughs. He was buried: Martha later had Dodd"s body moved to Rock Creek Cemetery in Washington, D.C., Dec. 6, 1946, Section L., Lot 37, Site 4. One lovely spring afternoon, accompanied by one of my daughters, I visited the Stoneleigh Golf and Country Club, which is part of a development that includes large faux-colonial houses on outsized parcels of land an hour or so west of Washington, D.C. Though the golf course (18 holes, par 72) is necessarily closely manicured, I nonetheless got a sense of how compelling this terrain must have been for Dodd, especially during his first visit home from Berlin when the farm"s soft hills must have been deeply soothing. His old barn is still there and a few stretches of ancient stone fence, but now instead of pigs the barn shelters ma.s.ses of suckling golf carts. Dodd took a dim view of golf and golfers, especially those members of his Berlin staff who were continually skipping work to play a few rounds at their Wannsee club. It is a good thing Martha moved his body, because his ghost surely would have proved a daunting hazard, blocking putts and hurling b.a.l.l.s far off into the adjacent swales and roughs.
19 Five years later: Ryan, 418. Five years later: Ryan, 418.
At war"s end the remains of the Tiergarten came under further a.s.sault, this time by the starving populace, who cut the shattered trees and stumps into firewood and turned portions of the park into a vegetable garden. In 1947, Berlin"s mayor described the devastation of the park as "the most painful wound inflicted on our city by the war." Daum and Mauch, 205.
20 "Knowing his pa.s.sion": "Knowing his pa.s.sion": New York Times New York Times, Feb. 11, 1940.
21 "the best amba.s.sador": Schultz, "Sigrid Schultz on Amba.s.sador Dodd," January 1956, Box 2, Schultz Papers. "the best amba.s.sador": Schultz, "Sigrid Schultz on Amba.s.sador Dodd," January 1956, Box 2, Schultz Papers.
22 "Dodd was years ahead": Wise, "Dodd was years ahead": Wise, Challenging Challenging, 234.
23 "I often think": Messersmith, "Some Observations on the appointment of Dr. William Dodd, as Amba.s.sador to Berlin," 11, unpublished memoir, Messersmith Papers. "I often think": Messersmith, "Some Observations on the appointment of Dr. William Dodd, as Amba.s.sador to Berlin," 11, unpublished memoir, Messersmith Papers.
24 "a renewed pride and faith": Thomas Wolfe to Maxwell E. Perkins, May 23, 1935, Wolfe, "a renewed pride and faith": Thomas Wolfe to Maxwell E. Perkins, May 23, 1935, Wolfe, Selected Letters Selected Letters, 228.
25 "Above all, not too much zeal": Brysac, 224. "Above all, not too much zeal": Brysac, 224.
26 "Jewish controlled": Stiller, 129; Weil, 60. "Jewish controlled": Stiller, 129; Weil, 60.
27 "the man who pulled his people": Stiller, 129. "the man who pulled his people": Stiller, 129.
28 "idiotic things as a rule": Weil, 6061. "idiotic things as a rule": Weil, 6061.
Ultimately even Roosevelt was taken aback by Wilson"s att.i.tude, as George Messersmith learned during a conversation he had with the president. By this time, Messersmith had been posted to Washington as a.s.sistant secretary of state. In a personal memorandum dated Feb. 1, 1938, Messersmith summarized the president"s remarks. "He"-Roosevelt-"said he was much surprised that Wilson had indicated that he thought we ought to lay less stress on the democracies and democratic principles." To which Messersmith replied, "There were some things concerning human psychology, and particularly German, that were a strange country to Wilson." The president, he noted, was "somewhat disturbed concerning Wilson"s ideas." Messersmith, Memorandum, Feb. 1, 1938, Messersmith Papers.
29 "I do think the chances": William C. Bullitt to Roosevelt, Dec. 7, 1937, Bullitt, 242. "I do think the chances": William C. Bullitt to Roosevelt, Dec. 7, 1937, Bullitt, 242.
30 "But history," wrote Dodd"s friend: "But history," wrote Dodd"s friend: New York Times New York Times, March 2, 1941.
EPILOGUE: THE QUEER BIRD IN EXILE.
1 "If there were any logic": Dodd, "If there were any logic": Dodd, Emba.s.sy Eyes Emba.s.sy Eyes, 228.
2 "I told her that if she published my letters": Messersmith, "Goering," unpublished memoir, 78, Messersmith Papers. "I told her that if she published my letters": Messersmith, "Goering," unpublished memoir, 78, Messersmith Papers.
3 Martha at last created her own successful salon: Vanden Heuvel, 248. Martha at last created her own successful salon: Vanden Heuvel, 248.
4 "growing effectiveness": Martha Dodd, unpublished memoir, 4, Box 13, Martha Dodd Papers. "growing effectiveness": Martha Dodd, unpublished memoir, 4, Box 13, Martha Dodd Papers.
At its peak, the network included an operator in Hitler"s wire room and a senior officer in the Luftwaffe; Arvid Harnack became an adviser to Hitler"s economics minister.
5 By now, however, Martha knew: Falk Harnack, "Notes on the Execution of Dr. Arvid Harnack," Box 13, Martha Dodd Papers; Axel von Harnack, "Arvid and Mildred Harnack," translation of article in By now, however, Martha knew: Falk Harnack, "Notes on the Execution of Dr. Arvid Harnack," Box 13, Martha Dodd Papers; Axel von Harnack, "Arvid and Mildred Harnack," translation of article in Die Gegenwart Die Gegenwart, Jan. 1947, 1518, in Box 13, Martha Dodd Papers; Falk Harnack, "2nd visit to the Reichssicherheitshauptamt, Reichssicherheitshauptamt," Box 13, Martha Dodd Papers. Also see Rurup, 163.
The network got wind of Germany"s surprise invasion of the Soviet Union and tried to notify Stalin. Upon receiving this information, Stalin told its bearer, "You can send your "source" from the German air force staff to his much f.u.c.ked mother! This is not a "source" but a disinformer." Brysac, 277.
6 "And I have loved Germany so": Falk Harnack to Martha, Dec. 29, 1947, Box 13, Martha Dodd Papers. Arvid, in a closing letter to "my beloved ones," wrote, "I should have liked to have seen you all again, but that is unfortunately not possible." n.d., Box 13, Martha Dodd Papers. "And I have loved Germany so": Falk Harnack to Martha, Dec. 29, 1947, Box 13, Martha Dodd Papers. Arvid, in a closing letter to "my beloved ones," wrote, "I should have liked to have seen you all again, but that is unfortunately not possible." n.d., Box 13, Martha Dodd Papers.
7 "a gifted, clever and educated woman": Weinstein and Va.s.siliev, 51, 62. "a gifted, clever and educated woman": Weinstein and Va.s.siliev, 51, 62.
8 "She considers herself a Communist": Ibid., 62; Va.s.siliev, Notebooks, White Notebook #2, 61. "She considers herself a Communist": Ibid., 62; Va.s.siliev, Notebooks, White Notebook #2, 61.
9 Through Martha"s efforts: Haynes et al., 440; Weinstein and Va.s.siliev, 7071; Alfred Stern to Max Delbruck, Nov. 23, 1970, Box 4, Martha Dodd Papers; Vanden Heuvel, 223, 252. Through Martha"s efforts: Haynes et al., 440; Weinstein and Va.s.siliev, 7071; Alfred Stern to Max Delbruck, Nov. 23, 1970, Box 4, Martha Dodd Papers; Vanden Heuvel, 223, 252.
When toilets broke the Sterns called the Czech foreign minister to effect repairs; they owned paintings by Cezanne, Monet, and Renoir. Vanden Heuvel, 252.
10 They bought a new black Mercedes.: Martha to "David," Feb. 28, 1958, Box 1, Martha Dodd Papers. They bought a new black Mercedes.: Martha to "David," Feb. 28, 1958, Box 1, Martha Dodd Papers.
11 Martha became "obsessed": Alfred Stern to Max Delbruck, Nov. 23, 1970, Box 4, Martha Dodd Papers. Martha became "obsessed": Alfred Stern to Max Delbruck, Nov. 23, 1970, Box 4, Martha Dodd Papers.
12 "We can"t say we like it here": Martha to Audrey Fuss, July 25, 1975, Box 5, Martha Dodd Papers. "We can"t say we like it here": Martha to Audrey Fuss, July 25, 1975, Box 5, Martha Dodd Papers.
13 After two years in Cologne: Metcalfe, 288. After two years in Cologne: Metcalfe, 288.
14 "It was," she wrote, "one of the ugliest": Martha Dodd, "Chapter 30, August 1968," unpublished memoir, 5, Box 12, Martha Dodd Papers. "It was," she wrote, "one of the ugliest": Martha Dodd, "Chapter 30, August 1968," unpublished memoir, 5, Box 12, Martha Dodd Papers.
15 "Max, my love": Martha to Delbruck, April 27, 1979, Box 4, Martha Dodd Papers; Delbruck to Martha, Nov. 15, 1978, Box 4, Martha Dodd Papers. "Max, my love": Martha to Delbruck, April 27, 1979, Box 4, Martha Dodd Papers; Delbruck to Martha, Nov. 15, 1978, Box 4, Martha Dodd Papers.
16 "that a.s.s": Martha to Sigrid Schultz, April 25, 1970, Box 13, Martha Dodd Papers. "that a.s.s": Martha to Sigrid Schultz, April 25, 1970, Box 13, Martha Dodd Papers.
17 "a real buffoon": Martha to Philip Metcalfe, April 16, 1982, Box 7, Martha Dodd Papers. "a real buffoon": Martha to Philip Metcalfe, April 16, 1982, Box 7, Martha Dodd Papers.
18 Ba.s.sett confessed he had destroyed: George Ba.s.sett Roberts to Martha, Nov. 23, 1971, Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers. Ba.s.sett confessed he had destroyed: George Ba.s.sett Roberts to Martha, Nov. 23, 1971, Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers.
19 "Such love letters!": Martha to George Ba.s.sett Roberts, Feb. 19, 1976, Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers. "Such love letters!": Martha to George Ba.s.sett Roberts, Feb. 19, 1976, Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers.
20 "One thing is sure": Martha to George Ba.s.sett Roberts, Nov. 1, "more or less," 1971, Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers. "One thing is sure": Martha to George Ba.s.sett Roberts, Nov. 1, "more or less," 1971, Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers.
21 In 1979 a federal court: In 1979 a federal court: New York Times New York Times, March 23 and March 26, 1979.
22 Bill Jr. had died: Bill Jr. had died: New York Times New York Times, Oct. 19, 1952, and April 22, 1943.
23 "Bill was a very swell guy": Martha to Audrey Fuss, Oct. 31, 1952, Box 1, Martha Dodd Papers. "Bill was a very swell guy": Martha to Audrey Fuss, Oct. 31, 1952, Box 1, Martha Dodd Papers.
24 "Where do you think we should die": Martha to Let.i.tia Ratner, March 9, 1984, Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers. "Where do you think we should die": Martha to Let.i.tia Ratner, March 9, 1984, Box 8, Martha Dodd Papers.
25 "Nowhere could be as lonely": Martha to Van and Jennie Kaufman, March 6, 1989, Martha Dodd Papers. "Nowhere could be as lonely": Martha to Van and Jennie Kaufman, March 6, 1989, Martha Dodd Papers.
26 He had forsaken the magnificent copper beech: He had forsaken the magnificent copper beech: New York Times New York Times, Sept. 4, 1996.
CODA: "TABLE TALK"
1 Years after the war, a cache of doc.u.ments: Hitler, 102. Hitler"s off-the-cuff remarks, though pa.s.sed along with inevitable modifications, provide a chilling and compelling glimpse into his mind. Years after the war, a cache of doc.u.ments: Hitler, 102. Hitler"s off-the-cuff remarks, though pa.s.sed along with inevitable modifications, provide a chilling and compelling glimpse into his mind.
Epigraph 1 Isherwood, Isherwood, Visit Visit, 308.
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PHOTO CREDITS.
t.i.tle page: The Art Archive/Marc Charmet p1.1: (Library of Congress) p2.1: ullstein bild / The Granger Collection, New York p3.1: ullstein bild / The Granger Collection, New York p3.2: (Library of Congress) p4.1: ullstein bild / The Granger Collection, New York p5.1: Albert Harlingue / Roger-Viollet / The Image Works p6.1: Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz / Art Resource, NY p7.1: Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz / Art Resource, NY epl.1: Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz / Art Resource, NY sack.1: Erik Larson
I walked across the snowy plain of the Tiergarten-a smashed statue here, a newly planted sapling there; the Brandenburger Tor, with its red flag flapping against the blue winter sky; and on the horizon, the great ribs of a gutted railway station, like the skeleton of a whale. In the morning light it was all as raw and frank as the voice of history which tells you not to fool yourself; this can happen to any city, to anyone, to you.
-Christopher Isherwood, Down There on a Visit
ABOUT THE AUTHOR.
ERIK LARSON is the author of is the author of The Devil in the White City The Devil in the White City, Thunderstruck Thunderstruck, Isaac"s Storm Isaac"s Storm, and other works of nonfiction. He has written for a variety of national magazines and is a former staff writer for the Wall Street Journal Wall Street Journal and and Time Time. He lives in Seattle with his wife, three daughters, and an old British sports car named Mrs. Peel.