69 HSP, Customs House Records, September 21, 1774.
70 Lancaster, The American Revolution, 70.
71 Ibid., 76.
72 Illich, Colonial Pennsylvania, 281.
73 Ibid.
74 HSP, Minutes Book, Society for the Relief of Poor, Aged and Infirmed Masters of Ships, and Their Widows and Children; Clark, Gallant John Barry, 38.
75 Fraser, "The Barry-Hayes Papers"; Clark, Gallant John Barry, 39.
76 ISM, Barry-Hayes Papers, Nicholas Barry to John Barry, May 31, 1785; Margaret Howlin to John Barry, 1794.
77 Millar, American Ships of the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods, 35.
78 Doerflinger, Vigorous Spirit of Enterprise, 194.
79 Millar, American Ships of the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods, 36.
80 HSP, Customs House Records, December 19, 1774.
81 HSP, Wharton Papers; Clark, Gallant John Barry, 41.
82 ISM, Barry-Hayes Papers: Log, Black Prince, January 2, 5-7, 10, 1775.
83 Ibid., January 16-20, 1775.
84 Ibid., January 22, 1775.
85 Pennsylvania Gazette, January 25, 1775.
86 ISM, Log, Black Prince, January 25, 1775.
87 King with Hattendorf and Estes, A Sea of Words, 395.
88 Brown and Kessler, "Commodore John Barry," 13.
89 Kessler, "Rough Sketch," 20.
90 ISM, Log, Black Prince, January 26, 27, 29, 1775.
91 Ibid., February 1-5, 1775; Clark, Gallant John Barry, 45.
92 Clark, ed., Naval Doc.u.ments of the American Revolution (NDAR), vol. 1, 405, Richard Champion to Willing, Morris & Co., February 24, 1775.
93 ISM, Log, Black Prince, February 1-15, 1775.
94 Ibid., February 1775.
95 NDAR, vol. 1, 424, Champion to Willing, Morris & Co., March 6, 1775.
96 ISM, Log, Black Prince, February 1775; King with Hattendorf, Harbors and High Seas, 63.
97 ISM, Log, Black Prince, March 12, 14, 1775.
98 Ibid., April 3, 11, 21, 24, 1775.
99 Fischer, Paul Revere"s Ride, 271; Young, Robert Morris, 29-30.
100 Young, Robert Morris, 29-30.
101 Wagner, Robert Morris, 26.
102 HSP, Christopher Marshall Diaries, April 26, 1775; HSP, Cadwalader Collection, Tonnage and Duty Records, April 26, 1775; Autobiography of Charles Biddle, 75-76, 85.
103 Tinkcom, "The Revolutionary City, 17651800," 123; HSP, Christopher Marshall Diaries, April 26-May 5, 1775.
104 ISM, Barry-Hayes Papers, Log, Black Prince; Clark, Gallant John Barry, 49.
105 HSP, Christopher Marshall Diaries, May 5, 1775; Pennsylvania Gazette, May 6, 1775.
106 HSP, Cadwalader Collection, Tonnage Duty Book, 1765-1775; ISM, Barry-Hayes Papers, Log, Black Prince, May-June 1775; Clark, Gallant John Barry, 49.
107 ISM, Log, Black Prince, May 7, 1775; Biddle, Autobiography of Charles Biddle, 76.
108 Clark, Gallant John Barry, 50.
109 ISM, Log, Black Prince, May 11, 1775.
110 Ibid., May 12, 22, 23, 1775.
111 Ibid., June 17, 24, 1775.
112 Clark, Gallant John Barry, 52; Lancaster, The American Revolution, 93.
113 Lancaster, The American Revolution, 93; London Public Advertiser, June 29, 1775.
114 ISM, Log, Black Prince, July 3, 1775.
115 Ibid., August 9, 1775; Clark, Gallant John Barry, 54.
116 ISM, Log, Black Prince, August 11, 1775; Clark, Gallant John Barry, 54.
117 ISM, Log, Black Prince, August 23, September 3-10, 1775.
118 Ibid., September 11, 1775.
119 Ibid.
120 Brown and Kessler, "Commodore John Barry," 14.
121 Ibid.
122 King with Hattendorf and Estes, A Sea of Words, 153.
123 ISM, Log, Black Prince, September 11, 1775.
124 Ibid.
125 Ibid.; Clark, Gallant John Barry, 56.
126 ISM, Log, Black Prince, September 23, September 13-October 4, 1775.
127 Millar, American Ships of the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods, 41.
128 Clark, Gallant John Barry, 59.
129 Jackson, The Delaware Bay and River Defenses of Philadelphia, 1775-1777, 5.
CHAPTER THREE: THE LEXINGTON.
1 Pennsylvania Journal, October 11, 1775.
2 PA Archives, Journal of the Pennsylvania House of a.s.sembly, May 6, 1775; Brands, The First American, 499.
3 NDAR, vol. 1, 831, Minutes of the Pennsylvania Committee of Safety, July 6, 1775.
4 London Advertiser, "Extract of a Letter from Philadelphia, Dec. 6."
5 NDAR, vol. 2, 1163-1164, Caesar Rodney to Thomas Rodney, November 27, 1775; Lewis Nicola proposal.
6 Jackson, The Pennsylvania Navy 1775-1778, 15.
7 Ibid.; PA Archives, Series I, vol. 9, 638, Nat Irish to the Committee of Safety, July 26, 1775.
8 PA Archives, Series II, vol. 1, 376-377.
9 HSP, Minutes, Meetings of the Committee of Safety, September 20, 1775.
10 Jackson, The Delaware Bay and River Defenses of Philadelphia, 1775-1777, 7.
11 Fowler, "Esek Hopkins," 5.
12 Miller, Sea of Glory, 40.
13 Fowler, "Esek Hopkins," 6.
14 Tuchman, First Salute, 44.
15 Ibid.
16 Miller, Sea of Glory, 51.
17 JCC, III, 311-312, October 30, 1775.
18 McCullough, John Adams, 100.
19 JCC, III, 378-387.
20 NDAR, vol. 2, 896-97, John Adams to Elbridge Gerry, November 5, 1775.
21 Miller, Sea of Glory, 57.
22 Fowler, "Esek Hopkins," 7.
23 b.u.t.terfield, ed., Diary and Autobiography of John Adams, vol. 3, 350.
24 ISM, Barry-Hayes Papers, John Barry Memorials to Pennsylvania a.s.sembly, 1783, and Congress, 1785; HSP, James Wharton Day Book, "Chandlery Supplied to the Continental Fleet," November 4, 1775-January 18, 1775.
25 Morison, John Paul Jones, 60; ISM, Barry-Hayes Papers, John Barry Memorial to Congress, 1785.
26 HSP, James Wharton Day Book.
27 Millar, American Ships of the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods, 35; Miller, Sea of Glory, 52.
28 Dudley"s Maryland Gazette, November 20, 1775; Morning Chronicle and London Advertiser, January 20, 1776.
29 b.u.t.terfield, ed., Diary and Autobiography of John Adams, vol. 2, 221, November 27, 1775.
30 JCC, December 13, 1775, Resolution; JCC, December 14, 1775, Appointment of Marine Committee; NDAR, vol. 3, 101.
31 Committee Delegates to Continental Congress, John Trumbull, December 5, 1775.
32 b.u.t.terfield, ed., Diary and Autobiography of John Adams, vol. 2, 221, November 27, 1775; NDAR, vol. 3, 302; Thomas, John Paul Jones, 45.
33 JCC, December 5, 1775.
34 Fowler, "Esek Hopkins," 5, 6.
35 JCC, Hopkins" Orders from Congress, January 4, 1776.