=Collation.= An examination of a book to see if it is complete. May be done by signatures before book is bound. Must be done page by page in books which are to be rebound.
=Combs.= An instrument with wire teeth used in marbling.
=Compensating guards.= Short stubs bound in the back to equalize s.p.a.ce taken up by thick folded plates.
=Creaser.= The tool used in marking on each side of raised bands.
Generally made of steel.
=Cropped.= Term applied to books which have been trimmed too much.
=Crushed.= Term applied to leather, generally morocco, which has been pressed so that the surface, naturally grained, is made smooth.
=Cut edges.= See Edges cut.
=Cut flush.= In very cheap binding the book is trimmed after the cover is on and edges of boards are cut flush with the leaves.
=Cutter=, or =Cutting machine=. A machine used for tr.i.m.m.i.n.g the edges of books. Sometimes called guillotine.
=Cutting boards.= Boards similar to backing boards, except that they are not beveled. Used in tr.i.m.m.i.n.g.
=Cutting in boards.= See In boards.
=Cutting press.= The "lying press" turned over so that the runners are uppermost.
=Deckle edge.= The rough untrimmed edge of hand-made paper.
=Dentelle.= A form of book ornament which supposedly represents lace.
=Derome.= A style of ornament having dentelle border with small birds among the arabesques.
=Diaper.= A form of ornament consisting of a small pattern repeated in geometrical form.
=Divinity calf.= Dark brown calfskin blind-stamped and without gilding, formerly used in binding religious books.
=Divinity edges.= See Circuit edges.
=Die.= An engraved stamp used for stamping a design.
=Double.= See Doublure.
=Doubled.= A design is doubled when the finisher tries to make a second impression and the tool does not quite follow the lines of the first impression.
=Doublure.= The lined and decorated inside face of boards on fine bindings. When so lined the cover is said to be "double."
=Dummy.= 1. A book made up of blank leaves to show style of binding and grade of workmanship. 2. A piece of leather or cloth mounted on a board to show exact size and lettering of a periodical.
=Duodecimo.= Book printed on paper folded into twelve leaves. Generally written 12mo. Loosely applied to books from six to eight inches high.
=Dutch metal.= An imitation of gold leaf which soon tarnishes.
=Edges cut.= A book which has all edges trimmed smooth.
=Edges gilt.= All edges trimmed smooth and gilded.
=Edges opened.= A book which has the folds of leaves cut by hand with a paper knife, has its edges opened.
=Edges rolled.= The edges of the covers are marked with a roll.
=Edges trimmed.= Edges cut somewhat, but not enough to cut all the folds.
=Edges uncut.= Uncut edges have not been trimmed in any way, though they may have been opened with a paper knife.
=Edition de luxe.= Fine editions of books printed on large paper and handsomely bound. Many books so-called are in reality cheaply bound.
=Eighteenmo.= A book printed on paper folded into eighteen leaves. Not often found.
=Elephant folio.= See Folio.
=Embossing.= The process of producing raised designs by means of stamps.
Used in imitating leathers.
=End papers.= Folded sheets at the beginning and end of books, half of which are pasted to the boards. Sometimes called lining papers.
=Eve style.= Decorative design consisting of geometrical figures joined by interlaced circles. The figures contain flowers and the s.p.a.ce surrounding them contains scroll work and branches of laurel and palm.
=Extra binding.= Trade term for the best work.
=Fanfare style.= Leafy spirals interwoven with a delicate tracery over the cover.
=Fast.= Colors are fast to sunlight if they do not fade; to water if they do not wash off.
=Fillet.= 1. Plain lines stamped upon the back or cover of the book. 2.
The tool with which the work is done.
=Filling.= See Weft.
=Finishing.= 1. All processes after the book leaves the hand of the forwarder are known as finishing processes. 2. The ornaments stamped on a book.
=Finishing press.= A small wooden press with wooden screws which holds a book with the back up.
=Finishing stove.= A small gas or electric stove used for heating finishing tools.
=Flexible.= A form of binding in which the book is sewed on raised bands, the thread being pa.s.sed entirely around the bands.
=Flush cut.= See Cut flush.
=Fly leaves.= Blank leaves at the beginning and end of the book between end papers and the book itself.
=Folder.= 1. Small flat piece of bone used in folding sheets and in other binding processes. 2. Person engaged in folding sheets.