"No man sympathizes with [vanity, depressed] _the sorrows of vanity_.
"It had been [criminal] _less easily excused_.
"When he [threatened to lay down] _talked of laying down_ his pen.
"Society [is so named emphatically in opposition to] _politically regulated, is a state contra-distinguished from_ a state of nature.
"A fict.i.tious life of an [absurd] _infatuated_ scholar.
"A foolish [contempt, disregard,] _disesteem_ of Kings.
"His hopes and fears, his joys and sorrows [were like those of other mortals] _acted strongly upon his mind_.
"Eager to pursue knowledge and attentive to [acc.u.mulate] _retain it_.
"A mind [excursive] _active_, ambitious, and adventurous.
"In its [n.o.blest] _widest_ researches still longing to go forward.
"He wrote in such a manner as might expose him to few [neglects]
_hazards_.
"The [reasonableness] _justice_ of my determination.
"A [favourite] _delicious_ employment of the poets.
"More terrifick and more powerful [beings] _phantoms_ perform on the stormy ocean.
"The inventor of [those] _this_ petty [beings] _nation_.
"The [mind] _heart_ naturally loves truth."
In the Life of ADDISON we find an unpleasing account of his having lent Steele a hundred pounds, and "reclaimed his loan by an execution[182]."
In the new edition of the _Biographia Britannica_, the authenticity of this anecdote is denied. But Mr. Malone has obliged me with the following note concerning it:--
"Many persons having doubts concerning this fact, I applied to Dr.
Johnson to learn on what authority he a.s.serted it. He told me, he had it from Savage, who lived in intimacy with Steele, and who mentioned, that Steele told him the story with tears in his eyes.--Ben Victor[183], Dr.
Johnson said, likewise informed him of this remarkable transaction, from the relation of Mr. Wilkes[184] the comedian, who was also an intimate of Steele"s.--Some in defence of Addison, have said, that "the act was done with the good natured view of rousing Steele, and correcting that profusion which always made him necessitous."--"If that were the case, (said Johnson,) and that he only wanted to alarm Steele, he would afterwards have _returned_ the money to his friend, which it is not pretended he did."--"This too, (he added,) might be retorted by an advocate for Steele, who might alledge, that he did not repay the loan _intentionally_, merely to see whether Addison would be mean and ungenerous enough to make use of legal process to recover it. But of such speculations there is no end: we cannot dive into the hearts of men; but their actions are open to observation[185]."
"I then mentioned to him that some people thought that Mr. Addison"s character was so pure, that the fact, _though true_, ought to have been suppressed[186]. He saw no reason for this[187]. "If nothing but the bright side of characters should be shewn, we should sit down in despondency, and think it utterly impossible to imitate them in _any thing_. The sacred writers (he observed) related the vicious as well as the virtuous actions of men; which had this moral effect, that it kept mankind from _despair_, into which otherwise they would naturally fall, were they not supported by the recollection that others had offended like themselves, and by penitence and amendment of life had been restored to the favour of Heaven."
"E.M."
"March 15, 1782."
The last paragraph of this note is of great importance; and I request that my readers may consider it with particular attention. It will be afterwards referred to in this work[188].
_Various Readings in the Life of_ ADDISON.
"[But he was our first great example] _He was, however, one of our earliest examples_ of correctness.
And [overlook] _despise_ their masters.
His instructions were such as the [state] _character_ of his [own time]
_readers_ made [necessary] _proper_.
His purpose was to [diffuse] _infuse_ literary curiosity by gentle and unsuspected conveyance [among] _into_ the gay, the idle, and the wealthy.
Framed rather for those that [wish] _are learning_ to write.
Domestick [manners] _scenes_."
In his Life of PARNELL, I wonder that Johnson omitted to insert an Epitaph which he had long before composed for that amiable man, without ever writing it down, but which he was so good as, at my request, to dictate to me, by which means it has been preserved.
"_Hic requiescit_ THOMAS PARNELL, _S.T.P.
Qui sacerdos pariter et poeta, Utrasque partes ita implevit, Ut neque sacerdoti suavitas poetae, Neo poetae sacerdotis sanct.i.tas_[189], _deesset_."
_Various Readings in the Life of_ PARNELL.
"About three years [after] _afterwards_.
[Did not much want] _was in no great need of_ improvement.
But his prosperity _did not last long_ [was clouded by that which took away all his powers of enjoying either profit or pleasure, the death of his wife, whom he is said to have lamented with such sorrow, as hastened his end[190].] His end, whatever was the cause, was now approaching.
In the Hermit, the [composition] _narrative_, as it is less airy, is less pleasing."
In the Life of BLACKMORE, we find that writer"s reputation generously cleared by Johnson from the cloud of prejudice which the malignity of contemporary wits had raised around it[191]. In this spirited exertion of justice, he has been imitated by Sir Joshua Reynolds, in his praise of the architecture of Vanburgh[192].
We trace Johnson"s own character in his observations on Blackmore"s "magnanimity as an authour." "The incessant attacks of his enemies, whether serious or merry, are never discovered to have disturbed his quiet, or to have lessened his confidence in himself." Johnson, I recollect, once told me, laughing heartily, that he understood it had been said of him, "He _appears_ not to feel; but when he is _alone_, depend upon it, he _suffers sadly_." I am as certain as I can be of any man"s real sentiments, that he _enjoyed_ the perpetual shower of little hostile arrows as evidences of his fame.
_Various Readings in the Life of_ BLACKMORE.
To [set] _engage_ poetry [on the side] _in the cause_ of virtue.
He likewise [established] _enforced_ the truth of Revelation.
[Kindness] _benevolence_ was ashamed to favour.
His practice, which was once [very extensive] _invidiously great_.
There is scarcely any distemper of dreadful name [of] which he has not [shewn] _taught his reader_ how [it is to be opposed] _to oppose_.
Of this [contemptuous] _indecent_ arrogance.
[He wrote] _but produced_ likewise a work of a different kind.
At least [written] _compiled_ with integrity.