Peter and St. Paul are not there for nothing."
"There is a more tangible reason," said Campbell; "it is a place where persons of all nations are to be found; no society is so varied as the Roman. You go to a ballroom; your host, whom you bow to in the first apartment, is a Frenchman; as you advance your eye catches Ma.s.sena"s granddaughter in conversation with Mustapha Pasha; you soon find yourself seated between a Yankee _charge d"affaires_ and a Russian colonel; and an Englishman is playing the fool in front of you."
Here Campbell looked at his watch, and then at Willis, whom he had driven over to Melford to return Bateman"s call. It was time for them to be going, or they would be overtaken by the evening. Bateman, who had remained in a state of great dissatisfaction since he last spoke, which had not been for a quarter of an hour past, did not find himself in spirits to try much to detain either them or Reding; so he was speedily left to himself. He drew his chair to the fire, and for a while felt nothing more than a heavy load of disgust. After a time, however, his thoughts began to draw themselves out into series, and took the following form: "It"s too bad, too bad," he said; "Campbell is a very clever man--far cleverer than I am; a well-read man, too; but he has no tact, no tact. It is deplorable; Reding"s coming was one misfortune; however, we might have got over that, we might have even turned it to an advantage; but to use such arguments as he did! how could he hope to convince him? he made us both a mere laughing-stock.... How did he throw off? Oh, he said that the Rubrics were not binding. Who ever heard such a thing--at least from an Anglo-Catholic? Why pretend to be a good Catholic with such views? better call himself a Protestant or Erastian at once, and one would know where to find him. Such a bad impression it must make on Willis; I saw it did; he could hardly keep from smiling: but Campbell has no tact at all. He goes on, on, his own way, bringing out his own thoughts, which are very clever, original certainly, but never considering his company. And he"s so positive, so knock-me-down; it is quite unpleasant, I don"t know how to sit it sometimes. Oh, it is a cruel thing this--the effect must be wretched. Poor Willis! I declare I don"t think we have moved him one inch, I really don"t. I fancied at one time he was even laughing at _me_.... What was it he said afterwards? there was something else, I know. I recollect; that the Catholic Church was in ruins, had broken to pieces. What a paradox!
who"ll believe that but he? I declare I am so vexed I don"t know what to be at." He jumped up and began walking to and fro. "But all this is because the Bishops won"t interfere; one can"t say it, that"s the worst, but they are at the bottom of the evil. They have but to put out their little finger and enforce the Rubrics, and then the whole controversy would be at an end.... I knew there was something else, yes! He said we need not fast! But Cambridge men are always peculiar, they always have some whim or other; he ought to have been at Oxford, and we should have made a man of him. He has many good points, but he runs theories, and rides hobbies, and drives consequences, to death."
Here he was interrupted by his clerk, who told him that John Tims had taken his oath that his wife should not be churched before the congregation, and was half-minded to take his infant to the Methodists for baptism; and his thoughts took a different direction.
CHAPTER XIX.
The winter had been on the whole dry and pleasant, but in February and March the rains were so profuse, and the winds so high, that Bateman saw very little of either Charles or Willis. He did not abandon his designs on the latter, but it was an anxious question how best to conduct them.
As to Campbell, he was resolved to exclude him from any partic.i.p.ation in them; but he hesitated about Reding. He had found him far less definitely Roman than he expected, and he conjectured that, by making him his confidant and employing him against Willis, he really might succeed in giving him an Anglican direction. Accordingly, he told him of his anxiety to restore Willis to "the Church of his baptism;" and not discouraged by Charles"s advice to let well alone, for he might succeed in drawing him from Rome without reclaiming him to Anglicanism, the weather having improved, he asked the two to dinner on one of the later Sundays in Lent. He determined to make a field-day of it; and, with that view, he carefully got up some of the most popular works against the Church of Rome. After much thought he determined to direct his attack on some of the "practical evils," as he considered them, of "Romanism;" as being more easy of proof than points of doctrine and history, in which, too, for what he knew, Willis might by this time be better read than himself. He considered, too, that, if Willis had been at all shaken in his new faith when he was abroad, it was by the practical exemplification which he had before his eyes of the issue of its peculiar doctrines when freely carried out. Moreover, to tell the truth, our good friend had not a very clear apprehension how much doctrine he held in common with the Church of Rome, or where he was to stop in the several details of Pope Pius"s Creed; in consequence, it was evidently safer to confine his attack to matters of practice.
"You see, Willis," he said, as they sat down to table, "I have given you abstinence food, not knowing whether you avail yourself of the dispensation. We shall eat meat ourselves; but don"t think we don"t fast at proper times; I don"t agree with Campbell at all; we don"t fast, however, on Sunday. That is our rule, and, I take it, a primitive one."
Willis answered that he did not know how the primitive usage lay, but he supposed that both of them allowed that matters of discipline might be altered by the proper authority.
"Certainly," answered Bateman, "so that everything is done consistently with the inspired text of Scripture;"--he stopped, itching, if he could, to bring in some great subject, but not seeing how. He saw he must rush _in medias res_; so he added,--"with which inspired text, I presume, what one sees in foreign churches is not very consistent."
"What? I suppose you mean antependia, rere-dosses, stone altars, copes, and mitres," said Willis innocently; "which certainly are not in Scripture."
"True," said Bateman; "but these, though not in Scripture, are not inconsistent with Scripture. They are all very right; but the worship of Saints, especially the Blessed Virgin, and of relics, the gabbling over prayers in an unknown tongue, Indulgences, and infrequent communions, I suspect are directly unscriptural."
"My dear Bateman," said Willis, "you seem to live in an atmosphere of controversy; so it was at Oxford; there was always argument going on in your rooms. Religion is a thing to enjoy, not to quarrel about; give me a slice more of that leg of mutton."
"Yes, Bateman," said Reding, "you must let us enjoy our meat. Willis deserves it, for I believe he has had a fair walk to-day. Have you not walked a good part of the way to Seaton and back? a matter of fourteen miles, and hilly ground; it can"t be dry, too, in parts yet."
"True," said Bateman; "take a gla.s.s of wine, Willis; it"s good Madeira; an aunt of mine sent it me."
"He puts us to shame," said Charles, "who have stepped into church from our bedroom; he has trudged a pilgrimage to his."
"I"m not saying a word against our dear friend Willis," said Bateman; "it was merely a point on which I thought he would agree with me, that there were many corruptions of worship in foreign churches."
At last, when his silence was observable, Willis said that he supposed that persons who were not Catholics could not tell what were corruptions and what not. Here the subject dropped again; for Willis did not seem in humour--perhaps he was too tired--to continue it. So they ate and drank, with nothing but very commonplace remarks to season their meal withal, till the cloth was removed. The table was then shoved back a bit, and the three young men got over the fire, which Bateman made burn brightly.
Two of them at least had deserved some relaxation, and they were the two who were to be opponent and respondent in the approaching argument--one had had a long walk, the other had had two full services, a baptism, and a funeral. The armistice continued a good quarter of an hour, which Charles and Willis spent in easy conversation; till Bateman, who had been priming himself the while with his controversial points, found himself ready for the a.s.sault, and opened it in form.
"Come, my dear Willis," he said, "I can"t let you off so; I am sure what you saw abroad scandalized you."
This was almost rudely put. Willis said that, had he been a Protestant, he might have been easily shocked; but he had been a Catholic; and he drew an almost imperceptible sigh. Besides, had he had a temptation to be shocked, he should have recollected that he was in a Church which in all greater matters could not err. He had not come to the Church to criticize, he said, but to learn. "I don"t know," he said, "what is meant by saying that we ought to have faith, that faith is a grace, that faith is the means of our salvation, if there is nothing to exercise it. Faith goes against sight; well, then, unless there are sights which offend you, there is nothing for it to go against."
Bateman called this a paradox; "If so," he said, "why don"t we become Mahometans? we should have enough to believe then."
"Why, just consider," said Willis; "supposing your friend, an honourable man, is accused of theft, and appearances are against him, would you at once admit the charge? It would be a fair trial of your faith in him; and if he were able in the event satisfactorily to rebut it, I don"t think he would thank you, should you have waited for his explanation before you took his part, instead of knowing him too well to suspect it.
If, then, I come to the Church with faith in her, whatever I see there, even if it surprises me, is but a trial of my faith."
"That is true," said Charles; "but there must be some ground for faith; we do not believe without reason; and the question is, whether what the Church does, as in worship, is not a fair matter to form a judgment upon, for or against."
"A Catholic," said Willis, "as I was when I was abroad, has already found his grounds, for he believes; but for one who has not--I mean a Protestant--I certainly consider it is very uncertain whether he will take _the_ view of Catholic worship which he ought to take. It may easily happen that he will not understand it."
"Yet persons have before now been converted by the sight of Catholic worship," said Reding.
"Certainly," answered Willis: "G.o.d works in a thousand ways; there is much in Catholic worship to strike a Protestant, but there is much which will perplex him; for instance, what Bateman has alluded to, our devotion to the Blessed Virgin."
"Surely," said Bateman, "this is a plain matter; it is quite impossible that the worship paid by Roman Catholics to the Blessed Mary should not interfere with the supreme adoration due to the Creator alone."
"This is just an instance in point," said Willis; "you see you are judging _a priori_; you know nothing of the state of the case from experience, but you say, "It must be; it can"t be otherwise." This is the way a Protestant judges, and comes to one conclusion; a Catholic, who acts, and does not speculate, feels the truth of the contrary."
"Some things," said Bateman, "are so like axioms, as to supersede trial.
On the other hand, familiarity is very likely to hide from people the real evil of certain practices."
"How strange it is," answered Willis, "that you don"t perceive that this is the very argument which various sects urge against you Anglicans! For instance, the Unitarian says that the doctrine of the Atonement _must_ lead to our looking at the Father, not as a G.o.d of love, but of vengeance only; and he calls the doctrine of eternal punishment immoral.
And so, the Wesleyan or Baptist declares that it is an absurdity to suppose any one can hold the doctrine of baptismal regeneration, and really be spiritual; that the doctrine _must_ have a numbing effect on the mind, and destroy its simple reliance on the atonement of Christ. I will take another instance: many a good Catholic, who never came across Anglicans, is as utterly unable to realize your position as you are to realize his. He cannot make out how you can be so illogical as not to go forward or backward; nay, he p.r.o.nounces your professed state of mind impossible; he does not believe in its existence. I may deplore your state; I may think you illogical and worse; but I know it is a state which does exist. As, then, I admit that a person can hold one Catholic Church, yet without believing that the Roman Communion is it, so I put it to you, even as an _argumentum ad hominem_, whether you ought not to believe that we can honour our Blessed Lady as the first of creatures, without interfering with the honour due to G.o.d? At most, you ought to call us only illogical, you ought not to deny that we do what we say we do."
"I make a distinction," said Bateman; "it is quite possible, I fully grant, for an educated Romanist to distinguish between the devotion paid by him to the Blessed Virgin, and the worship of G.o.d; I only say that the mult.i.tude will not distinguish."
"I know you say so," answered Willis; "and still, I repeat, not from experience, but on an _a priori_ ground. You say, not "it is so," but "it _must_ be so.""
There was a pause in the conversation, and then Bateman recommenced it.
"You may give us some trouble," said he, laughing, "but we are resolved to have you back, my good Willis. Now consider, you are a lover of truth: is that Church from heaven which tells untruths?"
Willis laughed too; "We must define the words _truth_ and _untruth_," he said; "but, subject to that definition, I have no hesitation in enunciating the truism, that a Church is not from heaven which tells untruths."
"Of course, you can"t deny the proposition," said Bateman; "well, then, is it not quite certain that in Rome itself there are relics which all learned men now give up, and which yet are venerated as relics? For instance, Campbell tells me that the reputed heads of St. Peter and St.
Paul, in some great Roman basilica, are certainly not the heads of the Apostles, because the head of St. Paul was found with his body, after the fire at his church some years since."
"I don"t know about the particular instance," answered Willis; "but you are opening a large question which cannot be settled in a few words. If I must speak, I should say this: I should begin with the a.s.sumption that the existence of relics is not improbable; do you grant _that_?"
"I grant nothing," said Bateman; "but go on."
"Why you have plenty of heathen relics, which you admit. What is Pompeii, and all that is found there, but one vast heathen relic? why should there not be Christian relics in Rome and elsewhere as well as pagan?"
"Of course, of course," said Bateman.
"Well, and relics may be identified. You have the tomb of the Scipios, with their names on them. Did you find ashes in one of them, I suppose you would be pretty certain that they were the ashes of a Scipio."
"To the point," cried Bateman, "quicker."
"St. Peter," continued Willis, "speaks of David, "whose sepulchre is with you unto this day." Therefore it"s nothing wonderful that a religious relic should be preserved eleven hundred years, and identified to be such, when a nation makes a point of preserving it."
"This is beating about the bush," cried Bateman impatiently; "get on quicker."
"Let me go on my own way," said Willis--"then there is nothing improbable, considering Christians have always been very careful about the memorials of sacred things--"
"You"ve not proved that," said Bateman, fearing that some manoeuvre, he could not tell what, was in progress.