"Then perhaps they may be practising the virtue of faith; if there are pa.s.sages in it to which they are insensible, as about the sacraments, penance, and extreme unction, or about the See of Peter, I should in charity think that these pa.s.sages had never been brought home or applied to their minds and consciences--just as a Pope"s Bull may be for a time unknown in a distant part of the Church. They may be[1] in involuntary ignorance. Yet I fear that, taking the whole nation, there are few who on this score can lay claim to faith."
[1] "Errantes invincibiliter circa aliquos articulos, et credentes alios, non sunt formaliter haeretici, sed habent fidem supernaturalem, qua credunt veros articulos, atque adeo ex ea possunt procedere actus perfectae contritionis, quibus justificentur et salventur."--_De Lugo de Fid._, p. 169.
Charles said this did not fully meet the difficulty; faith, in the case of these persons, at least was not faith in the word of the Church. His companion would not allow this; he said they received the Scripture on the testimony of the Church, that at least they were believing the word of G.o.d, and the like.
Presently Charles said, "It is to me a great mystery how the English people, as a whole, is ever to have faith again; is there evidence enough for faith?"
His new friend looked surprised and not over-pleased; "Surely," he said, "in matter of fact, a man may have more _evidence_ for believing the Church to be the messenger of G.o.d, than he has for believing the four Gospels to be from G.o.d. If, then, he already believes the latter, why should he not believe the former?"
"But the belief in the Gospels is a traditional belief," said Charles; "that makes all the difference. I cannot see how a nation like England, which has lost the faith, ever can recover it. Hence, in the matter of conversion, Providence has generally visited simple and barbarous nations."
"The converts of the Roman Empire were, I suppose, a considerable exception," said the priest.
"Still, it seems to me a great difficulty," answered Charles; "I do not see, when the dogmatic structure is once broken down, how it is ever to be built up again. I fancy there is a pa.s.sage somewhere in Carlyle"s "French Revolution" on the subject, in which the author laments over the madness of men"s destroying what they could not replace, what it would take centuries and a strange combination of fortunate circ.u.mstances to reproduce, an external received creed. I am not denying, G.o.d forbid! the objectivity of revelation, or saying that faith is a sort of happy and expedient delusion; but, really, the evidence for revealed doctrine is so built up on probabilities that I do not see what is to introduce it into a civilized community, where reason has been cultivated to the utmost, and argument is the test of truth. Many a man will say, "Oh, that I had been educated a Catholic!" but he has not so been; and he finds himself unable, though wishing, to believe, for he has not evidence enough to subdue his reason. What is to make him believe?"
His fellow-traveller had for some time shown signs of uneasiness; when Charles stopped, he said, shortly, but quietly, "What is to make him believe! the _will_, his _will_."
Charles hesitated; he proceeded; "If there is evidence enough to believe Scripture, and we see that there is, I repeat, there is more than enough to believe the Church. The evidence is not in fault; all it requires is to be brought home or applied to the mind; if belief does not then follow, the fault lies with the will."
"Well," said Charles, "I think there is a general feeling among educated Anglicans, that the claims of the Roman Church do not rest on a sufficiently intellectual basis; that the evidences, or notes, were well enough for a rude age, not for this. This is what makes me despair of the growth of Catholicism."
His companion looked round curiously at him, and then said, quietly, "Depend upon it, there is quite evidence enough for a _moral conviction_ that the Catholic or Roman Church, and none other, is the voice of G.o.d."
"Do you mean," said Charles, with a beating heart, "that before conversion one can attain to a present abiding actual conviction of this truth?"
"I do not know," answered the other; "but, at least, he may have habitual _moral certainty_; I mean, a conviction, and one only, steady, without rival conviction, or even reasonable doubt, present to him when he is most composed and in his hours of solitude, and flashing on him from time to time, as through clouds, when he is in the world;--a conviction to this effect, "The Roman Catholic Church is the one only voice of G.o.d, the one only way of salvation.""
"Then you mean to say," said Charles, while his heart beat faster, "that such a person is under no duty to wait for clearer light."
"He will not have, he cannot expect, clearer light before conversion.
Certainty, in its highest sense, is the reward of those who, by an act of the will, and at the dictate of reason and prudence, embrace the truth, when nature, like a coward, shrinks. You must make a venture; faith is a venture before a man is a Catholic; it is a gift after it.
You approach the Church in the way of reason, you enter into it in the light of the Spirit."
Charles said that he feared there was a great temptation operating on many well-informed and excellent men, to find fault with the evidence for Catholicity, and to give over the search, on the excuse that there were arguments on both sides.
"It is not one set of men," answered his companion; "it is the grievous deficiency in Englishmen altogether. Englishmen have many gifts, faith they have not. Other nations, inferior to them in many things, still have faith. Nothing will stand in place of it; not a sense of the beauty of Catholicism, or of its awfulness, or of its antiquity; not an appreciation of the sympathy which it shows towards sinners: not an admiration of the Martyrs and early Fathers, and a delight in their writings. Individuals may display a touching gentleness, or a conscientiousness which demands our reverence; still, till they have faith, they have not the foundation, and their superstructure will fall.
They will not be blessed, they will effect nothing in religious matters, till they begin by an act of unreserved faith in the word of G.o.d, whatever it be; till they go out of themselves; till they cease to make something within them their standard, till they oblige their will to perfect what reason leaves sufficient, indeed, but incomplete. And when they shall recognize this defect in themselves, and try to remedy it, then they will recognize much more;--they will be on the road very shortly to be Catholics."
There was nothing in all this exactly new to Reding; but it was pleasant to hear it from the voice of another, and him a priest. Thus he had sympathy and authority, and felt he was restored to himself. The conversation stopped. After a while he disclosed to his new friend the place for which he was bound, which, after what Charles had already been saying, could be no great surprise to him. The latter knew the Superior of San Michaele, and, taking out a card, wrote upon it a few words of introduction for him. By this time they had reached Paddington; and scarcely had the train stopped, when the priest took his small carpet-bag from under his seat, wrapped his cloak around him, stepped out of the carriage, and was walking out of sight at a brisk pace.
CHAPTER VII.
Reding naturally wished to take the important step he was meditating as quietly as he could; and had adopted what he considered satisfactory measures for this purpose. But such arrangements often turn out very differently from their promise; and so it was in his case.
The Pa.s.sionist House was in the eastern part of London; so far well;--and as he knew in the neighbourhood a respectable publisher in the religious line, with whom his father had dealt, he had written to him to bespeak a room in his house for the few days which he trusted would suffice for the process of his reception. What was to happen to him after it, he left for the advice he might get from those in whose hands he found himself. It was now Wednesday; he hoped to have two days to prepare himself for his confession, and then he proposed to present himself before those who were to receive it. His better plan would have been to have gone to the Religious House at once, where doubtless the good fathers would have lodged him, secured him from intrusion, and given him the best advice how to proceed. But we must indulge him, if, doing so great a work, he likes to do it in his own way; nor must we be hard on him, though it be not the best way.
On arriving at his destination, he saw in the deportment of his host grounds for concluding that his coming was not only expected, but understood. Doubtless, then, the paragraph of the _Oxford Gazette_ had been copied into the London papers; nor did it relieve his unpleasant surprise to find, as he pa.s.sed to his room, that the worthy bibliopolist had a reading-room attached to his shop, which was far more perilous to his privacy than a coffee-room would have been. He was not obliged, however, to mix with the various parties who seemed to frequent it; and he determined as far as possible to confine himself to his apartment.
The rest of the day he employed in writing letters to friends: his conversation of the morning had tranquillized him; he went to bed peaceful and happy, slept soundly, rose late, and, refreshed in mind and body, turned his thoughts to the serious duties of the day.
Breakfast over, he gave a considerable time to devotional exercises, and then, opening his writing-desk, addressed himself to his work. Hardly had he got into it when his landlord made his appearance; and, with many apologies for his intrusion, and a hope that he was not going to be impertinent, proceeded to inquire if Mr. Reding was a Catholic. "The question had been put to him, and he thought he might venture to solicit an answer from the person who could give the most authentic information." Here was an interruption, vexatious in itself, and perplexing in the form in which it came upon him; it would be absurd to reply that he was on the point of _becoming_ a Catholic, so he shortly answered in the negative. Mr. Mumford then informed him that there were two friends of Mr. Reding"s below, who wished very much to have a few minutes" conversation with him. Charles could make no intelligible objection to the request; and in the course of a few minutes their knock was heard at the room-door.
On his answering it, two persons presented themselves, apparently both strangers to him. This, however, at the moment was a relief; for vague fears and surmises had begun to flit across his mind as to the faces which were to make their appearance. The younger of the two, who had round full cheeks, with a boyish air, and a shrill voice, advanced confidently, and seemed to expect a recognition. It broke upon Charles that he had seen him before, but he could not tell where. "I ought to know your face," he said.
"Yes, Mr. Reding," answered the person addressed, "you may recollect me at College."
"Ah, I remember perfectly," said Reding; "Jack the kitchen-boy at St.
Saviour"s."
"Yes," said Jack; "I came when young Tom was promoted into Dennis"s place."
Then he added, with a solemn shake of the head, "_I_ have got promotion now."
"So it seems, Jack," answered Reding; "but what are you? Speak."
"Ah, sir," said Jack, "we must converse in a tone of befitting seriousness;" and he added, in a deep inarticulate voice, his lips not being suffered to meet together, "Sir, I stand next to an Angel now."
"A what? Angel? Oh, I know," cried Charles, "it"s some sect; the Sandemanians."
"Sandemanians!" interrupted Jack; "we hold them in abhorrence; they are levellers; they bring in disorder and every evil work."
"I beg pardon, but I know it is some sect, though I don"t recollect what. I"ve heard about it. Well, tell me, Jack, what are you?"
"I am," answered Jack, as if he were confessing at the tribunal of a Propraetor, "I am a member of the Holy Catholic Church."
"That"s right, Jack," said Reding; "but it"s not distinctive enough; so are we all; every one will say as much."
"Hear me out, Mr. Reding, sir," answered Jack, waving his hand; "hear me, but strike; I repeat, I am a member of the Holy Catholic Church, a.s.sembling in Huggermugger Lane."
"Ah," said Charles, "I see; that"s what the "G.o.ds" call you; now, what do men?"
"Men," said Jack, not understanding, however, the allusion--"men call us Christians, professing the opinions of the late Rev. Edward Irving, B.D."
"I understand perfectly now," said Reding; "Irvingites--I recollect."
"No, sir," he said, "not Irvingites; we do not follow man; we follow wherever the Spirit leads us; we have given up Tongue. But I ought to introduce you to my friend, who is more than an Angel," he proceeded modestly, "who has more than the tongue of men and angels, being nothing short of an Apostle, sir. Mr. Reding, here"s the Rev. Alexander Highfly. Mr. Highfly, this is Mr. Reding."
Mr. Highfly was a man of gentlemanlike appearance and manner; his language was refined, and his conduct was delicate; so much so that Charles at once changed his tone in speaking to him. He came to Mr.
Reding, he said, from a sense of duty; and there was nothing in his conversation to clash with that profession. He explained that he had heard of Mr. Reding"s being unsettled in his religious views, and he would not lose the opportunity of attempting so valuable an accession to the cause to which he had dedicated himself.
"I see," said Charles, smiling, "I am in the market."
"It is the bargain of Glaucus with Diomede," answered Mr. Highfly, "for which I am asking your co-operation. I am giving you the fellowship of Apostles."
"It is, I recollect, one of the characteristics of your body," said Charles, "to have an order of Apostles, in addition to Bishops, Priests, and Deacons."