Answer. (_a_) No. (_b_) No. (_c_) No. (_d_) No. (_e_) No; but searchlights may at times be of service. The evidence before the court does not allow of a more precise answer.
12. (_a_) What other precautions were taken by the _t.i.tanic_ in antic.i.p.ation of meeting ice? (_b_) Were they such as are usually adopted by vessels being navigated in waters where ice may be expected to be encountered?
Answer. (_a_) Special orders were given to the men in the crow"s nest to keep a sharp lookout for ice, particularly small ice and growlers. The fore-scuttle hatch was closed to keep everything dark before the bridge.
(_b_) Yes; though there is evidence to show that some masters would have placed a lookout at the stemhead of the ship.
13. (_a_) Was ice seen and reported by anybody on board the _t.i.tanic_ before the casualty occurred? (_b_) If so, what measures were taken by the officer on watch to avoid it? (_c_) Were they proper measures and were they promptly taken?
Answer. (_a_) Yes; immediately before the collision. (_b_) The helm was put hard astarboard and the engines were stopped and put full speed astern. (_c_) Yes.
14. (_a_) What was the speed of the _t.i.tanic_ shortly before and at the moment of the casualty? (_b_) Was such speed excessive under the circ.u.mstances?
Answer. (_a_) About 22 knots. (_b_) Yes.
15. (_a_) What was the nature of the casualty which happened to the _t.i.tanic_ at or about 11.45 p.m. on April 14 last? (_b_) In what lat.i.tude and longitude did the casualty occur?
Answer. (_a_) A collision with an iceberg which pierced the starboard side of the vessel in several places below the water line between the forepeak tank and No. 4 boiler room. (_b_) In lat.i.tude 41 46" N., longitude 50 14" W.
16. (_a_) What steps were taken immediately on the happening of the casualty? (_b_) How long after the casualty was its seriousness realized by those in charge of the vessel (_c_) What steps were then taken?
(_d_) What endeavors were made to save the lives of those on board, and to prevent the vessel from sinking?
Answer. (_a_) The 12 water-tight doors in the engine and boiler rooms were closed from the bridge, some of the boiler fires were drawn, and the bilge pumps abaft No. 6 boiler room were started. (_b_) About 15 to 20 minutes. (_c_) and (_d_) The boats were ordered to be cleared away.
The pa.s.sengers were roused and orders given to get them on deck, and life belts were served out. Some of the water-tight doors, other than those in the boiler and engine rooms, were closed. Marconigrams were sent out asking for help. Distress signals (rockets) were fired, and attempts were made to call up by Morse a ship whose lights were seen.
Eighteen of the boats were swung out and lowered, and the remaining two floated off the ship and were subsequently utilized as rafts.
17. Was proper discipline maintained on board after the casualty occurred?
Answer. Yes.
18. (_a_) What messages for a.s.sistance were sent by the _t.i.tanic_ after the casualty, and at what times respectively? (_b_) What messages were received by her in response, and at what times respectively? (_c_) By what vessels were the messages that were sent by the _t.i.tanic_ received, and from what vessels did she receive answers? (_d_) What vessels other than the _t.i.tanic_ sent or received messages at or shortly after the casualty in connection with such casualty? (_e_) What were the vessels that sent or received such messages? (_f_) Were any vessels prevented from going to the a.s.sistance of the _t.i.tanic_ or her boats owing to messages received from the _t.i.tanic_ or owing to any erroneous messages being sent or received? (_g_) In regard to such erroneous messages, from what vessels were they sent and by what vessels were they received, and at what times respectively?
(_a_) (_b_) (_c_) (_d_) and (_e_) are answered together. (_f_) Several vessels did not go, owing to their distance. (_g_) There were no erroneous messages.
-----------+---------------+----------------------------------------------- New Yorkt.i.tanic timetime.(approximated).Communications.
-----------+---------------+----------------------------------------------- 10.25 p. m.12.15 a. m.La Provence receives t.i.tanic distress signals.
DodoMount Temple heard t.i.tanic sending CQD.
Says require a.s.sistance. Givesposition. Can not hear me. Advisemy captain his position 41.46 N.,50.24 W.
DodoCape Race hears t.i.tanic giving positionon CQD. 41.44 N., 50.24 W.
10.28 p. m.12.18 a. m.Ypiranga hears CQD. from t.i.tanic. t.i.tanicgives CQD. here. Position 41.44 N.,50.24 W. Require a.s.sistance (callsabout 10 times).
10.35 p. m.12.25 a. m.CQD. call received from t.i.tanic by Carpathia.
t.i.tanic said, "Come at once. We havestruck a berg. It"s a CQD. OM. Position41.46 N., 50.14 W."
DodoCape Race hears M. G. Y. (t.i.tanic) givecorrected position 41.46 N., 50.14 W.
Calling him; no answer.
10.36 p. m.12.25 a. m.M. G. Y. (t.i.tanic) says CQD. Here correctedposition 41.46 N., 50.14 W.
Require immediate a.s.sistance. We havecollision with iceberg. Sinking.
Can nothing hear for noise of steam.
Sent about 15 to 20 times to Ypiranga.
10.37 p. m.12.27 a. m.t.i.tanic sends following: "I requirea.s.sistance immediately. Struck by icebergin 41.46 N., 50.14 W."
10.40 p. m.12.30 a. m.t.i.tanic gives his position to Frankfurt,and says, "Tell your captain to cometo our help. We are on the ice."
DodoCaronia sent CQ message to M. B. C. (Baltic)and CQD: M. G. Y. (t.i.tanic) struckiceberg, require immediate a.s.sistance.
DoMount Temple hears M. G. Y. (t.i.tanic) stillcalling CQD. Our captain reversesship. We are about 50 miles off.
10.46 p. m.12.36 a. m.D. K. F. (Prinz Friedrich Wilhelm) callsM. G. Y. (t.i.tanic) and gives positionat 12 a. m. 39.47 N., 50.10 W. M. G. Y.
(t.i.tanic) says, "Are you coming to our?"
D. F. T. (Frankfurt) says, "What is thematter with u?" M. G. Y. (t.i.tanic) "We havecollision with iceberg. Sinking. Pleasetell captain to come." D. F. T.
(Frankfurt) says, "O. K. will tell."
10.48 p. m.12.38 a. m.Mount Temple hears Frankfurt give M. G. Y.
(t.i.tanic) his position, 39.47 N., 52.10 W.
10.55 p. m.12.45 a. m.t.i.tanic calls Olympic SOS.
11 p. m.12.50 a. m.t.i.tanic calls CQD. and says, "Irequire immediate a.s.sistance. Position41.46 N., 50.14 W." Received by Celtic.
11.03 p. m.12.53 a. m.Caronia to M. B. C. (Baltic) and SOS.,M. G. Y.(t.i.tanic) CQD. in 41.46 N.,50.14 W. Wants immediate a.s.sistance."
11.10 p. m.1 a. m.M. G. Y. gives distress signal. D. D. C.
replies. M. G. Y."s position 41.46 N.,50.14 W. a.s.sistance from D. D. C. notnecessary, as M. K. C. shortlyafterwards answers distress call.
Do.do.t.i.tanic replies to Olympic, and giveshis position as 41.46 N., 50.14 W., andsays, "We have struck an iceberg."
11.12 p. m.1.02 a. m.t.i.tanic calls Asian and said, "Wantimmediate a.s.sistance." Asian answeredat once and received t.i.tanic"s positionas 41.46 N., 50.14 W., which he immediatelytakes to the bridge. Captain instructsoperator to have t.i.tanic"s position repeated.
Do.do.Virginian calls t.i.tanic, but gets no response.
Cape Race tells Virginian to report to hiscaptain the t.i.tanic has struck icebergand requires immediate a.s.sistance.
11.20 p. m.1.10 a. m.t.i.tanic to M. K. C. (Olympic), "We are incollision with berg. Sinking headdown; 41.46 N., 50.14 W. Come soonas possible."
Do.do.t.i.tanic to M. K. C. (Olympic), captain says,"Get your boats ready. What isyour position?"
11.25 p. m.1.15 a. m.Baltic to Caronia, "Please tell t.i.tanicwe are making toward her."
11.30 p. m.1.20 a. m.Virginian hears M. C. E. (Cape Race) informM. G. Y. (t.i.tanic) "that we are going tohis a.s.sistance. Our position 170 milesnorth of t.i.tanic."
11.35 p. m.1.25 a. m.Caronia tells t.i.tanic, "Baltic comingto your a.s.sistance."
Do.do.Olympic sends position to t.i.tanic 4.24a. m. GMT. 40.52 N., 61.18 W.
"Are you steering southerly to meet us?"
t.i.tanic replies, "We are puttingthe women off in the boats."
Do.do.t.i.tanic and Olympic work together.
11.37 p. m.1.27 a. m.M. G. Y. (t.i.tanic) says, "We are puttingthe women off in the boats."
11.40 p. m.1.30 a. m.t.i.tanic tells Olympic, "We are puttingpa.s.sengers off in small boats."
11.45 p. m.1.35 a. m.Olympic asks t.i.tanic what weather he had.
t.i.tanic replies, "Clear and calm."
Do.do.Baltic hears t.i.tanic say "Engine roomgetting flooded."
Do.do.Mount Temple hears DFT. (Frankfurt) ask"Are there any boats aroundyou already." No reply.
11.47 p. m.1.37 a. m.Baltic tells t.i.tanic, "We are rushingto you."
11.50 p. m.1.40 a. m.Olympic to t.i.tanic, "Am lighting upall possible boilers as fast as can."
Do.do.Cape Race says to Virginian: "Pleasetell your captain this: "The Olympicis making all speed for t.i.tanic, buthis (Olympic"s) position is 40.32 N.,61.18 W. You are much nearer to t.i.tanic.
The t.i.tanic is already putting women offin the boats, and he says the weatherthere is calm and clear." The Olympic isthe only ship we have heard say, "Going tothe a.s.sistance of the t.i.tanic. The othersmust be a long way from the t.i.tanic.""
11.55 p. m.1.45 a. m.Last signals heard from t.i.tanic byCarpathia, "Engine-room full up toboilers."
Do.do.Mount Temple hears DFT. (Frankfurt)calling MGY. (t.i.tanic). No reply.
11.57 p. m.1.47 a. m.Caronia hears MGY. (t.i.tanic),though signals unreadable still.
11.58 p. m.1.48 a. m.Asian heard t.i.tanic call SOS. Asiananswers t.i.tanic but receives noanswer.
Midnight.1.50 a. m.Caronia hears Frankfurt working tot.i.tanic. Frankfurt according to position172 miles from MGY. (t.i.tanic) at timefirst SOS. sent out.
12.05 a. m.1.55 a. m.Cape Race says to Virginian "We have notheard t.i.tanic for about halfan hour. His power may be gone."
12.10 a. m.2 a. m.Virginian hears t.i.tanic calling veryfaintly, his power being very greatlyreduced.
12.20 a. m.2.10 a. m.Virginian hears 2 v"s signaled faintlyin spark similar to t.i.tanic"s, probablyadjusting spark.
12.27 a. m.2.17 a. m.Virginian hears t.i.tanic call CQ, but unableto read him. t.i.tanic"s signals end veryabruptly, as power suddenly switched off.
His spark rather blurred or ragged. CalledMGY. (t.i.tanic) and suggested he should tryemergency set, but heard no response.
12.30 a. m.2.20 a. m.Olympic, his sigs. strong, asked him if hehad heard anything about MGY. (t.i.tanic). Hesays, "No. Keeping strict watch, but hearnothing more from MGY. (t.i.tanic)." No replyfrom him.
12.52 a. m.This was the official time the t.i.tanicfoundered 41.46 N., 50.14 W., as givenby the Carpathia in message to the Olympic;about 2.20 a. m.
1.15 a. m.Virginian exchanges signals Baltic. Hetries send us MSG. for MGY. (t.i.tanic),but his signals died utterly away.