"Simply tell your story to yourself," he wrote, "laying all hideousness utterly bare, reserving nothing. Banish the idea of the audience and all hampering things."
Orion, out in Keokuk, had long since abandoned the chicken farm and a variety of other enterprises. He had prospected insurance, mining, journalism, his old trade of printing, and had taken down and hung up his law shingle between each of these seizures. Aside from business, too, he had been having a rather spectacular experience. He had changed his politics three times (twice in one day), and his religion as many more. Once when he was delivering a political harangue in the street, at night, a parade of the opposition (he had but just abandoned them) marched by carrying certain flaming transparencies, which he himself had made for them the day before. Finally, after delivering a series of infidel lectures; he had been excommunicated and condemned to eternal flames by the Presbyterian Church. He was therefore ripe for any new diversion, and the Autobiography appealed to him. He set about it with splendid enthusiasm, wrote a hundred pages or so of his childhood with a startling minutia of detail and frankness, and mailed them to his brother for inspection.
They were all that Mark Twain had expected; more than he had expected.
He forwarded them to Howells with great satisfaction, suggesting, with certain excisions, they be offered anonymously to the Atlantic readers.
But Howells"s taste for realism had its limitations. He found the story interesting--indeed, torturingly, heart-wringingly so--and, advising strongly against its publication, returned it.
Onion was steaming along at the rate of ten to twenty pages a day now, forwarding them as fast as written, while his courage was good and the fires warm. Clemens, receiving a package by every morning mail, soon lost interest, then developed a hunted feeling, becoming finally desperate. He wrote wildly to shut Orion off, urging him to let his ma.n.u.script acc.u.mulate, and to send it in one large consignment at the end. This Orion did, and it is fair to say that in this instance at least he stuck to his work faithfully to the bitter, disheartening end.
And it would have been all that Mark Twain had dreamed it would be, had Orion maintained the simple narrative spirit of its early pages. But he drifted off into theological byways; into discussions of his excommunication and infidelities, which were frank enough, but lacked human interest.
In old age Mark Twain once referred to Orion"s autobiography in print and his own disappointment in it, which he attributed to Orion"s having departed from the idea of frank and unrestricted confession to exalt himself as a hero-a statement altogether unwarranted, and due to one of those curious confusions of memory and imagination that more than once resulted in a complete reversal of the facts. A quant.i.ty of Orion"s ma.n.u.script has been lost and destroyed, but enough fragments of it remain to show its fidelity to the original plan. It is just one long record of fleeting hope, futile effort, and humiliation. It is the story of a life of disappointment; of a man who has been defeated and beaten down and crushed by the world until he has nothing but confession left to surrender.--[Howells, in his letter concerning the opening chapters, said that they would some day make good material. Fortunately the earliest of these chapters were preserved, and, as the reader may remember, furnished much of the childhood details for this biography.]
Whatever may have been Mark Twain"s later impression of his brother"s ma.n.u.script, its story of failure and disappointment moved him to definite action at the time.
Several years before, in Hartford, Orion had urged him to make his publishing contracts on a basis of half profits, instead of on the royalty plan. Clemens, remembering this, had insisted on such an arrangement for the publication of "A Tramp Abroad", and when his first statement came in he realized that the new contract was very largely to his advantage. He remembered Orion"s anxiety in the matter, and made it now a valid excuse for placing his brother on a firm financial footing.
Out of the suspicions which you bred in me years ago has grown this result, to wit: that I shall within the twelve months get $40,000 out of this Tramp, instead of $20,000. $20,000, after taxes and other expenses are stripped away, is worth to the investor about $75 a month, so I shall tell Mr. Perkins [his lawyer and financial agent] to make your check that amount per month hereafter.... This ends the loan business, and hereafter you can reflect that you are living not on borrowed money, but on money which you have squarely earned, and which has no taint or savor of charity about it, and you can also reflect that the money which you have been receiving of me is charged against the heavy bill which the next publisher will have to stand who gets a book of mine.
From that time forward Orion Clemens was worth substantially twenty thousand dollars--till the day of his death, and, after him, his widow.
Far better was it for him that the endowment be conferred in the form of an income, than had the capital amount been placed in his hands.
CXXVIII. MARK TWAIN"s ABSENT-MINDEDNESS.
A number of amusing incidents have been more or less accurately reported concerning Mark Twain"s dim perception of certain physical surroundings, and his vague resulting memories--his absent-mindedness, as we say.
It was not that he was inattentive--no man was ever less so if the subject interested him--but only that the casual, incidental thing seemed not to find a fixed place in his deeper consciousness.
By no means was Mark Twain"s absent-mindedness a development of old age.
On the two occasions following he was in the very heyday of his mental strength. Especially was it, when he was engaged upon some absorbing or difficult piece of literature, that his mind seemed to fold up and shut most of the world away. Soon after his return from Europe, when he was still struggling with "A Tramp Abroad", he wearily put the ma.n.u.script aside, one day, and set out to invite F. G. Whitmore over for a game of billiards. Whitmore lived only a little way down the street, and Clemens had been there time and again. It was such a brief distance that he started out in his slippers and with no hat. But when he reached the corner where the house, a stone"s-throw away, was in plain view he stopped. He did not recognize it. It was unchanged, but its outlines had left no impress upon his mind. He stood there uncertainly a little while, then returned and got the coachman, Patrick McAleer, to show him the way.
The second, and still more picturesque instance, belongs also to this period. One day, when he was playing billiards with Whitmore, George, the butler, came up with a card.
"Who is he, George?" Clemens asked, without looking at the card.
"I don"t know, suh, but he"s a gentleman, Mr. Clemens."
"Now, George, how many times have I told you I don"t want to see strangers when I"m playing billiards! This is just some book agent, or insurance man, or somebody with something to sell. I don"t want to see him, and I"m not going to."
"Oh, but this is a gentleman, I"m sure, Mr. Clemens. Just look at his card, suh."
"Yes, of course, I see--nice engraved card--but I don"t know him, and if it was St. Peter himself I wouldn"t buy the key of salvation! You tell him so--tell him--oh, well, I suppose I"ve got to go and get rid of him myself. I"ll be back in a minute, Whitmore."
He ran down the stairs, and as he got near the parlor door, which stood open, he saw a man sitting on a couch with what seemed to be some framed water-color pictures on the floor near his feet.
"Ah, ha!" he thought, "I see. A picture agent. I"ll soon get rid of him."
He went in with his best, "Well, what can I do for you?" air, which he, as well as any man living, knew how to a.s.sume; a friendly air enough, but not encouraging. The gentleman rose and extended his hand.
"How are you, Mr. Clemens?" he said.
Of course this was the usual thing with men who had axes to grind or goods to sell. Clemens did not extend a very cordial hand. He merely raised a loose, indifferent hand--a discouraging hand.
"And how is Mrs. Clemens?" asked the uninvited guest.
So this was his game. He would show an interest in the family and ingratiate himself in that way; he would be asking after the children next.
"Well--Mrs. Clemens is about as usual--I believe."
"And the children--Miss Susie and little Clara?"
This was a bit startling. He knew their names! Still, that was easy to find out. He was a smart agent, wonderfully smart. He must be got rid of.
"The children are well, quite well," and (pointing down at the pictures)--"We"ve got plenty like these. We don"t want any more. No, we don"t care for any more," skilfully working his visitor toward the door as he talked.
The man, looking non-plussed--a good deal puzzled--allowed himself to be talked into the hall and toward the front door. Here he paused a moment:
"Mr. Clemens, will you tell me where Mr. Charles Dudley Warner lives?"
This was the chance! He would work him off on Charlie Warner. Perhaps Warner needed pictures.
"Oh, certainly, certainly! Right across the yard. I"ll show you. There"s a walk right through. You don"t need to go around the front way at all.
You"ll find him at home, too, I"m pretty sure"; all the time working his caller out and down the step and in the right direction.
The visitor again extended his hand.
"Please remember me to Mrs. Clemens and the children."
"Oh, certainly, certainly, with pleasure. Good day. Yes, that"s the house Good-by."
On the way back to the billiard-room Mrs. Clemens called to him. She was ill that day.
"Youth!"
"Yes, Livy." He went in for a word.
"George brought me Mr. B----"s card. I hope you were very nice to him; the B----s were so nice to us, once last year, when you were gone.",
"The B----s--Why, Livy----"
"Yes, of course, and I asked him to be sure to call when he came to Hartford."
He gazed at her helplessly.
"Well, he"s been here."