JOHN H. NEWMAN,
Congr. Orat.
CHAPTER XXI.
1845-1851.
Mr. Hope"s Doubts of Anglicanism--Correspondence with Mr. Gladstone-- Correspondence of J. R. Hope and Mr. Gladstone continued--Mr. Gladstone advises Active Works of Charity--Bishop Philpotts advises Mr. Hope to go into Parliament--Mr. Hope and Mr. Gladstone in Society--Mr. Hope on the Church Affairs of Canada--Dr. Hampden, Bishop of Hereford--The Troubles at Leeds--Mr. Hope on the Jewish Question, &c.--The Gorham Case--The Curzon Street Resolutions--The "Papal Aggression" Commotion--Correspondence of Mr.
Hope and Mr. Manning--Their Conversion--Opinions of Friends on Mr. Hope"s Conversion--Mr. Gladstone--Father Roothaan, F.G. Soc. Jes., to Count Senfft--Dr. Dollinger--Mr. Hope to Mr. Badeley--Conversion of Mr. W.
Palmer.
To return to the Gladstone correspondence which we quitted some pages back.
In a letter dated Baden-Baden, October 30, 1845, Mr. Gladstone, after mentioning his having been at Munich, where, through an introduction from Mr. Hope, he had made the acquaintance of Dr. Dollinger, criticises at some length Mohler"s "Symbolik," which he had been reading on Mr. Hope"s recommendation. I must quote the conclusion of the letter in his own words:--
No religion and no politics until we meet, and that more than ever uncertain. Hard terms, my dear Hope; do not complain if I devote to them the sc.r.a.ps or ends of my fourth page. But now let me rebuke myself, and say, no levity about great and solemn things. There are degrees of pressure from within that it is impossible to resist. The Church in which our lot has been cast has come to the birth, and the question is, will she have strength to bring forth? I am persuaded it is written in G.o.d"s decrees that she shall; and that after deep repentance and deep suffering a high and peculiar part remains for her in healing the wounds of Christendom. [Nor]
is there any man, I cannot be silent, whose portion in her work is more clearly marked out for him than yours. But you have, if not your revenge, your security. I must keep my word. G.o.d bless and guide you.
Yours affectionately,
W. E. G.
The following letter is deeply interesting:--
_J. R. Hope, Esq. to the Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone, M.P._
35 Charles Street, Mayfair:
December 5, 1845.
Dear Gladstone,--I return Dollinger"s letter, which I had intended to give you last night.
The debate has cost me a headache, besides the regrets I almost always feel after having engaged in theological discussions. A sense of my own ignorance and prejudices should teach me to be more moderate in expressing, as well as more cautious in forming opinions; but it is my nature to require some broad view for my guidance, and since Anglicanism has lost this aspect to me, I am restless and ill at ease.
I know well, however, that I have not deserved by my life that I should be without great struggle in my belief, and this ought to teach me to do more and say less.
I must therefore try more and more to be fit for the truth, wherever it may lie, and in this I hope for your prayers.
Yours affectionately,
JAMES R. HOPE.
_The Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone, M.P. to J. R. Hope, Esq._
13 C. H. Terrace:
Dec. 7, 2nd Sunday in Advent, 1845.
My dear Hope,--I need hardly tell you I am deeply moved by your note, and your asking my prayers. I trust you give what you ask. As for them you have long had them; in private and in public, and in the hour of Holy Communion.
But you must not look for anything from them; only they cannot do any harm.
Under the merciful dispensation of the Gospel, while the prayer of the righteous availeth much, the pet.i.tion of the unworthy does not return in evils on the head of those for whom it is offered.
Your speaking of yourself in low terms is the greatest kindness to me. It is with such things before my eyes that I learn in some measure by comparison my own true position.... [Mr. Gladstone goes on to controvert his friend"s desire for "broad views," on the principles of Butler, and proceeds] Now let me use a friend"s liberty on a point of practice. Do you not so far place yourself in rather a false position by withdrawing in so considerable a degree from those active external duties in which you were so conspicuous? Is rest in that department really favourable to religious inquiry? You said to me you preferred at this time selecting temporal works: are we not in this difficulty, that temporal works, so far as mere money is concerned, are nowadays relatively overdone? But if you mean temporal works otherwise than in money, I would to G.o.d we could join hands upon a subject of the kind which interested you much two years ago. And now I am going to speak of what concerns myself more than you, as needing it more.
The desire we then both felt pa.s.sed off, as far as I am concerned, into a plan of asking only a donation and subscription. Now it is very difficult to satisfy the demands of duty to the poor by money alone. On the other hand, it is extremely hard for me (and I suppose possibly for you) to give them much in the shape of time and thought, for both with me are already tasked up to and beyond their powers, and by matters which I cannot displace. I much wish we could execute some plan which, without demanding much time, would entail the discharge of some humble and humbling offices.... If you thought with me--and I do not see why you should not, except that to a.s.sume the reverse is paying myself a compliment--let us go to work, as in the young days of the college plan, but with a more direct and less ambitious purpose.... In answer give me advice and help if you can; and when we meet to talk of these things, it will be more refreshing than metaphysical or semi-metaphysical argument. All that part of my note which refers to questions internal to yourself is not meant to be answered except in your own breast.
And now may the Lord grant that, as heretofore, so ever we may walk in His holy house as friends, and know how good a thing it is to dwell together in unity! But at all events may He, as He surely will, compa.s.s you about with His presence and by His holy angels, and cause you to awake up after His likeness, and to be satisfied with it! ...
Ever your affectionate friend,
W. E. GLADSTONE.
J. R. Hope, Esq.
The above letter appears to throw a light upon Mr. Hope"s views of action at that time (it was a year of approaching the acme of his professional energies) which I have not met with elsewhere. Those views he did not see his way to give up, notwithstanding the representations so kindly urged by his friend. It will have been remarked that Mr. Gladstone did not expect any answer, in the ordinary sense of the word, to the most serious part of his letter, and in his reply (December 8), which is merely a note, Mr. Hope simply says:--
Many, many thanks for your letter, which I received this morning. I will think it over, and particularly as regards the engagement in some temporal almsdeed. I see, however, many obstacles in my own way, both from health and occupation.
After this, though the two friends continued still to correspond, yet the letters are of comparatively little moment, the subject nearest to the hearts of both being of necessity suppressed, or almost so; topics once of common interest, such as Trinity College (now near its opening) [Footnote: See vol. i. (ch. xiv. p. 278).] and Church legislation, having of course lost their attractions for Mr. Hope. In the autumn of 1846 there was an interchange of visits between Rankeillour [Footnote: Rankeillour, a family seat near Cupar, in Fifeshire, which Mr. Hope with his sister-in-law, Lady Frances Hope, had rented the previous year, 1845, from his brother, Mr. G.
W. Hope, of Luffness, and which was theirs and Lady Hope"s joint home when in Scotland, until Mr. Hope"s marriage in 1847.] and Fasque, and kind and friendly offices and family sympathies went on as of old. Yet, if the _idem sentire de republica_ was long ago recognised as a condition of intimate friendship, how much more is the observation true of the _idem sentire de ecclesia_! The following letter, addressed to Mr, Hope early in 1846 by Dr. Philpotts, will show what powerful influences were still at work to gain or recover Mr. Hope"s services to Anglicanism in political life:--
_The Right Rev. Dr. Philpotts, Bishop of Exeter, to J. R. Hope, Esq._
Bishopstowe: 16 Feb., 1846.
My dear Sir,--... The miserable state of political matters makes me earnestly wish (which I fear you do not) that you may soon be in Parliament. It is manifest that we are approaching a most important crisis.
To give any rational ground of hope (humanly speaking) of a favourable issue, it is most necessary that there should be an accession of high- principled talent and power of speaking to the honest party. You would carry this, and, forgive my adding, _ought_ to carry it if a fit opportunity be presented to you.
I say not this with any imagination that the objects of political ambition have any attraction to you, but because I think you would (with G.o.d"s blessing) be a tower of strength to all the best inst.i.tutions and interests of the country.
_Hactenus haec._
Yours most faithfully,
H. EXETER.
"Henry of Exeter," in a conversation with Lady Henry Kerr in those days, once said that he considered three men as those to whom the country had chiefly to look in the coming time: Manning in the Church, Gladstone in the State, and Mr. Hope in the Law. The Bishop was, I believe, thought rather apt to indulge in what were called "Philpottic flourishes," but the above letter shows his deliberate opinion of Mr. Hope, which is quite borne out by the rest of his correspondence. He constantly asks his counsel on Church affairs and Church legislation, till his conversion was approaching; and even long after it, I find him in 1862, when about to appeal to the House of Lords from a decision in the courts below, asking Mr. Hope"s a.s.sistance in these terms: "I venture to have recourse to you--as one whose skill and ability, knowledge--as well as your kindness often experienced--makes me estimate more highly than any other.... I am _very anxious_ to obtain your powerful advocacy before the Lords. Is this contrary to your usage?
[Footnote: Right Rev. Dr. Philpotts to J. R. Hope-Scott, February 22, 1862.] In a letter, now before me, from a member of the legal profession and a Protestant, the writer, referring to some occasion in early days on which he had met Mr. Hope and Mr. Gladstone together in society, remarks: "They were constantly discussing important questions. I am sure that, if a stranger had come in, and heard that one of them would be Premier, he would have selected [Mr. Hope] as the superior of the two. And I always thought that his abilities and character fitted him for the highest positions in the country. But his aims were for eminence in a still higher sphere, and he readily abandoned the road to worldly distinctions when he thought that his duty towards G.o.d required the sacrifice." Of course I only quote this as evidence of the impression which Mr. Hope had made on an individual observer, [Footnote: It is perfectly just.--_W. E. G._] not as inst.i.tuting any comparison, which would be wholly out of place.
The following letter is more of ecclesiastical and legal than personal interest. It is in reply to a line from Mr. Gladstone, asking his advice:--
_J. R. Hope, Esq. to the Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone, M.P._
35 Charles Street:
Wednesday evening, March 18, "46.