These two willows make thickets along the rills at about 6,000 feet alt.i.tude. The leaves in the former are smooth above and glaucous beneath; in the latter p.u.b.escent on both sides.
=Salix nivalis= Hooker.
A very dwarf willow, with obtuse leaves, growing only a few inches high. Found on the north side of the mountain by Flett.
=Salix saximontana= Rydberg.
Very similar to _Salix nivalis_, but larger in every way. Also found by Flett on the north side of the mountain.
=Salix cascadensis= c.o.c.kerell.
(_S. tenera_ Andersson.)
A very dwarf rare willow with leaves acute at each end. North slope of the mountain, collected by Flett.
=Populus trichocarpa= Torrey & Gray.
The cottonwood occurs along the Nisqually to some distance above Longmire Springs.
=ORCHIDACEAE.= (Orchis Family.)
=Corallorhiza maculata= Rafinesque.
Common in the coniferous woods at low alt.i.tudes.
=Corallorhiza mertensiana= Bongard.
Frequent in the dense coniferous woods up to 3,500 feet.
=Spiranthes romanzoffiana= Chamisso.
A small form of this species was found in a bog on the summit of the ridge overlooking the foot of the Nisqually Glacier.
=Peramium decipiens= (Hooker) Piper.
On the trail above Longmire Springs, according to Mr. Gorman.
=Limnorchis stricta= (Lindley) Rydberg.
A tall plant with long spikes of greenish flowers. Not rare in wet places at 5,000 feet elevation.
=Listera caurina= Piper.
Common in mossy woods up to 3,500 feet.
=Listera convallarioides= (Swartz) Torrey.
Growing in moist woods near the foot of the mountain.
=LILIACEAE.= (Lily Family.)
=Allium validum= Watson.
This wild onion has rootstock-like bulbs. It has been found on the north side of the mountain, and only by Mr. Flett.
=Vagnera sessilifolia= (Baker) Greene.
Common in moist woods up to 3,000 feet alt.i.tude.
=Streptopus curvipes= Vail.
Common in moist woods at 3,000 feet. Distinguished from the Eastern _S. roseus_ by its small size, simple stems, and creeping rootstocks.
=Lilium columbianum= Hanson.
The wild tiger lily occurs on dry slopes near Longmire Springs and in Paradise Park, at 5,000 feet elevation.
=Fritillaria lanceolata= Pursh.
Goat Mountains, Allen, No. 235.
=Erythronium montanum= Watson.
The white-flowered adder"s tongue, so abundant in Paradise Park, up to 5,500 feet alt.i.tude.
=Erythronium parviflorum= (Watson) Goodding.
Much like the preceding, but the flowers yellow. Frequent along rills at 5,500 feet.
=Clintonia uniflora= (Schultes) Kunth.
Abundant in the coniferous forests at 2,000 to 4,000 feet alt.i.tude.
Easily recognized by its tuft of two to four radical leaves, which are oblong in form, and its delicate scapes, three or four inches high, bearing a single white flower. The berry is blue.
=Trillium ovatum= Pursh.
The wake-robin is plentiful at 3,000 feet alt.i.tude.
=Tofieldia intermedia= Rydberg.
This species has been confused with both _T. glutinosa_ and _T.
occidentalis_. From the former it differs princ.i.p.ally in its seed characters, otherwise being so similar that there are no distinguishing characters in the flowering specimens. All the Cascade Mountain specimens apparently belong to _T. intermedia_, because no plant with the seed character of _T. glutinosa_ has as yet been found in that range of mountains.
=Veratrum viride= Aiton.
The green h.e.l.lebore forms considerable clumps, three or four feet high. It is frequent on moist slopes in Paradise Park.