4. As the blood flows from the heart, through the arteries, it gives nourishment to every part of the body, and carries away the impurities it meets, which makes it black and thick; when it comes through the veins, back to the heart, it is not fit to be used, so it goes to the lungs to be purified by the fresh air; then it returns to the heart to be sent again throughout the body; this happens once in from three to eight minutes, and is called the circulation of the blood.
7. If I would be healthy, my blood must be pure and circulate freely all the time.
8. It will not circulate freely, if I wear tight clothing, if I do not exercise in work or play, if I do not keep my body warm.
9. It will be impure, if I breathe bad air, if I eat unwholesome food, if I drink alcoholic liquors, if I snuff, smoke, or chew tobacco.
QUESTIONS FOR THE FORMULA.
1. Tell about the heart and where it is placed.
2. Tell about the blood and of what it is made.
3. Where does the good blood pa.s.s after it is sent out from the heart?
4. Tell what the blood does as it flows through the body.
5. What is this flowing of the blood to and from the heart called?
6. How often does it happen?
7. What is necessary if you would have pure blood?
8. When will the blood not circulate freely?
9. When will the blood be impure?
HOW TO TREAT A WOUND.
If it is only a flesh-wound or slight cut, wash it with cold water and bandage it with a clean, white rag. The edges of a deep cut should be drawn together and held in place by narrow strips of adhesive plaster, fastened across the wound from side to side.
If the cut is very deep, and the blood flows very freely, send for a doctor. While you wait for him, knot a handkerchief, or suspender, or towel, in the middle, and twist it very tightly _over the cut artery, above the wound_. If a vein has been severed, twist the knotted handkerchief _below the wound_. If the blood continues to flow, tie a bandage both above and below the hurt part.
QUESTIONS ON THE HEART AND THE CIRCULATION OF THE BLOOD.
Of what shape is your heart?--"My heart is shaped like a cone."
Where is it placed?--"In the chest, pointing toward my left side."
What bone is it near?--"It is near my breastbone."
Of what use is the heart?--"It contains the blood and sends it to the different parts of the body."
How much blood is sent from the heart at each beat?--"About two ounces."
What is the blood?--"A liquid made from food and drink."
Of what color is the blood?--"Bright red, when pure; dark red, when impure."
How does the heart send the blood through the body?--"Through pipes called arteries."
What do the arteries resemble in the way they are arranged?--"The branches of a tree."
What makes the blood impure?--"As the blood flows, it gives nourishment to every part of the body; this makes it poor. It also takes up the old worn-out particles; this makes it impure."
Where do the arteries carry the impure blood?--"To the veins."
Where do the veins carry the impure blood?--"To the heart."
Where does the heart carry the impure blood?--"To the lungs."
What happens to the impure blood in the lungs?--"It is made pure."
What makes it pure?--"Pure air."
Where do the lungs send the blood after it is made pure?--"Back to the heart."
Where does the heart send the pure blood?--"Throughout the body."
What is the journey of the blood to and from the heart to the different parts of the body called?--"The circulation of the blood."
What is the circulation of the blood?--"The circulation of the blood is its journey from the heart to the different parts of the body, and from the different parts of the body back to the heart."
How often does this circulation take place?--"Once in from three to eight minutes, according as the heart beats fast or slowly."
What kind of blood is necessary to health?--"Pure blood."
How should the blood circulate?--"Freely, all the time."
What do you mean by freely?--"Without anything to hinder."
What is necessary for the free circulation of the blood?--"I must wear clean clothing; I must exercise in work or play; I must keep my body warm."
How does tight clothing hinder the free circulation of the blood?--"By pressing upon the arteries and veins; and when about the waist, causing the ribs and other parts of the body to press upon the heart."
How does exercise help the free circulation of the blood?--"Exercise makes the heart beat faster, which causes the blood to more faster through the arteries and veins."
Why does keeping the body warm help the circulation of the blood?--"Because the blood moves faster when it is warmest; cold chills the blood, and makes it move slowly."
What harm do alcoholic liquors do to the heart?--"They make it tired, and sometimes wear it out."
In what way do they make it tired?--"They make it beat too fast."