1. Proof by Scripture itself.
2. Proof by the Rabbis. Moses Maimonides says that it has two aspects, and that the prophets have prophesied Jesus Christ only.
3. Proof by the Kabbala.[234]
4. Proof by the mystical interpretation which the Rabbis themselves give to Scripture.
5. Proof by the principles of the Rabbis, that there are two meanings; that there are two advents of the Messiah, a glorious and an humiliating one, according to their desert; that the prophets have prophesied of the Messiah only--the Law is not eternal, but must change at the coming of the Messiah--that then they shall no more remember the Red Sea; that the Jews and the Gentiles shall be mingled.
[6. Proof by the key which Jesus Christ and the Apostles give us.]
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Isaiah, li. The Red Sea an image of the Redemption. _Ut sciatis quod filius hominis habet potestatem remittendi peccata, tibi dico: Surge._[235] G.o.d, wishing to show that He could form a people holy with an invisible holiness, and fill them with an eternal glory, made visible things. As nature is an image of grace, He has done in the bounties of nature what He would do in those of grace, in order that we might judge that He could make the invisible, since He made the visible excellently.
Therefore He saved this people from the deluge; He has raised them up from Abraham, redeemed them from their enemies, and set them at rest.
The object of G.o.d was not to save them from the deluge, and raise up a whole people from Abraham, only in order to bring them into a rich land.
And even grace is only the type of glory, for it is not the ultimate end. It has been symbolised by the law, and itself symbolises [_glory_].
But it is the type of it, and the origin or cause.
The ordinary life of men is like that of the saints. They all seek their satisfaction, and differ only in the object in which they place it; they call those their enemies who hinder them, etc. G.o.d has then shown the power which He has of giving invisible blessings, by that which He has shown Himself to have over things visible.
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_Types._--G.o.d, wishing to form for Himself an holy people, whom He should separate from all other nations, whom He should deliver from their enemies, and should put into a place of rest, has promised to do so, and has foretold by His prophets the time and the manner of His coming. And yet, to confirm the hope of His elect, He has made them see in it an image through all time, without leaving them devoid of a.s.surances of His power and of His will to save them. For, at the creation of man, Adam was the witness, and guardian of the promise of a Saviour, who should be born of woman, when men were still so near the creation that they could not have forgotten their creation and their fall. When those who had seen Adam were no longer in the world, G.o.d sent Noah whom He saved, and drowned the whole earth by a miracle which sufficiently indicated the power which He had to save the world, and the will which He had to do so, and to raise up from the seed of woman Him whom He had promised. This miracle was enough to confirm the hope of men.
The memory of the deluge being so fresh among men, while Noah was still alive, G.o.d made promises to Abraham, and, while Shem was still living, sent Moses, etc....
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_Types._--G.o.d, willing to deprive His own of perishable blessings, created the Jewish people in order to show that this was not owing to lack of power.
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The Synagogue did not perish, because it was a type. But because it was only a type, it fell into servitude. The type existed till the truth came, in order that the Church should be always visible, either in the sign which promised it, or in substance.
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That the law was figurative.
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Two errors: 1. To take everything literally. 2. To take everything spiritually.
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To speak against too greatly figurative language.
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There are some types clear and demonstrative, but others which seem somewhat far-fetched, and which convince only those who are already persuaded. These are like the Apocalyptics. But the difference is that they have none which are certain, so that nothing is so unjust as to claim that theirs are as well founded as some of ours; for they have none so demonstrative as some of ours. The comparison is unfair. We must not put on the same level, and confound things, because they seem to agree in one point, while they are so different in another. The clearness in divine things requires us to revere the obscurities in them.
[It is like men, who employ a certain obscure language among themselves.
Those who should not understand it, would understand only a foolish meaning.]
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_Extravagances of the Apocalyptics, Preadamites, Millenarians, etc._--He who would base extravagant opinions on Scripture, will, for example, base them on this. It is said that "this generation shall not pa.s.s till all these things be fulfilled."[236] Upon that I will say that after that generation will come another generation, and so on ever in succession.
Solomon and the King are spoken of in the second book of Chronicles, as if they were two different persons. I will say that they were two.
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_Particular Types._--A double law, double tables of the law, a double temple, a double captivity.
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_Types._--The prophets prophesied by symbols of a girdle, a beard and burnt hair, etc.
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Difference between dinner and supper.[237]
In G.o.d the word does not differ from the intention, for He is true; nor the word from the effect, for He is powerful; nor the means from the effect, for He is wise. Bern., _Ult. Sermo in Missam_.
Augustine, _De Civit. Dei_, v, 10. This rule is general. G.o.d can do everything, except those things, which if He could do, He would not be almighty, as dying, being deceived, lying, etc.
Several Evangelists for the confirmation of the truth; their difference useful.
The Eucharist after the Lord"s Supper. Truth after the type.
The ruin of Jerusalem, a type of the ruin of the world, forty years after the death of Jesus. "I know not," as a man, or as an amba.s.sador (Mark xiii, 32). (Matthew xxiv, 36.)
Jesus condemned by the Jews and the Gentiles.