This was on November 12. On October 29, Miss Walkinshaw"s child, Charlotte, had been baptized at Liege. Charles"s condition was evil.
He knew he was being tracked, he knew not by whom. Hope deferred, as to Prussia, made his heart sick. Moreover, on August 19, 1752, Goring had written from Paris that he was paralysed on one side (Pickle says that his malady was a fistula). Goring expressed anxiety as to Charles"s treatment of an invalided servant. "You should know by what I have often expressed to you [Charles answered on November 3] that iff I had but one Lofe of Bred, I would share it with you. The little money that I have deposed on my good friend"s hands you know was at your orders, and you would have been much in ye rong to have let yourself ever want in ye least."
Again, on November 12, he writes to Goring:
To Mr. Stouf.
"November 12.
"I am extremely concerned for yr health, and you cannot do me a greater Cervice than in taking care of yrself for I am not able to spare any of my true friends."
Dr. King, as we have said, accuses Charles of AVARICE. Charles II., in exile, would not, he says, have left a friend in want. Though distressed for money, the Prince does not display a n.i.g.g.ardly temper in these letters to Goring. He had to defray the expenses of many retainers; he intended to dismiss his Popish servants, his household at Avignon, and to part with Dumont. We shall read Goring"s remonstrances. But the affair of Daniel"s "close" proves how hardly Charles was pressed. On December 16, 1752, he indulged in a few books, including Wood and Dawkins"s "Ruins of Palmyra," a stately folio. One extraordinary note he made at this time: "A marque to be put on ye Child, iff i part with it." The future "Bonny La.s.s of Albanie" was to be marked, like a kelt returned to the river in spring. "I am pushed to ye last point, and so won"t be cagioled any more." He collected his treasures left with Mittie, the surgeon of Stanislas at Luneville. Among these was a couteau de cha.s.se, with a double-barrelled pistol in a handle of jade. D"Argenson reports that the Prince was seen selling his pistols to an armourer in Paris. Who can wonder if he lost temper, and sought easy oblivion in wine!
CHAPTER X--JAMES MOHR MACGREGOR
Another spy--Rob Roy"s son, James Mohr Macgregor--A spy in 1745--At Prestonpans and Culloden--Escape from Edinburgh Castle--Billy Marshall--Visit to Ireland--Balhaldie reports James"s discovery of Irish Macgregors--Their loyalty--James Mohr and Lord Albemarle--James Mohr offers to sell himself--And to betray Alan Breck--His sense of honour--His long-winded report on Irish conspiracy--Balhaldie--Mrs.
Macfarlane who shot the Captain--Her romance--Pitfirrane Papers-- Balhaldie"s snuff-boxes--James Mohr"s confessions--Balhaldie and Charles--Irish invasion--Arms in Moidart--Arms at the house of Tough- -Pickle to play the spy in Ireland--Accompanied by a "Court Trusty"-- Letter from Pickle--Alan Breck spoils James Mohr--Takes his snuff- boxes--Death of James Mohr--Yet another spy--His wild information-- Confirmation of Charles"s visit to Ireland.
From the deliberate and rejoicing devilry of Glengarry, and from Charles"s increasing distress and degradation, it is almost a relief to pa.s.s for a moment to the harmless mendacity of a contemporary spy, Rob Roy"s son, James Mohr Macgregor, or Drummond. This highland gentleman, with his courage, his sentiment, and his ingrained falseness, is known to the readers of Mr. Stevenson"s "Catriona."
Though unacquainted with the doc.u.ments which we shall cite, Mr.
Stevenson divined James Mohr with the a.s.sured certainty of genius.
From first to last James was a valiant, plausible, conscienceless, heartless liar, with a keen feeling for the point of honour, and a truly Celtic pa.s.sion of affection for his native hand.
As early at least as the spring of 1745, James Mohr, while posing as a Jacobite, was in relations with the law officers of the Crown in Scotland. {231a} James"s desire then was to obtain a commission in a Highland regiment, and as much ready money as possible. Either he was dissatisfied with his pay as a spy, or he expected better things from the Jacobites, for, after arranging his evidence to suit his schemes, he took up arms for the Prince. He captured with a handful of men the fortress of Inversnaid; he fell, severely wounded, at Prestonpans, and called out, as he lay on the ground, "My lads, I am not dead! By G.o.d! I shall see if any of you does not do his duty."
Though he fought at Culloden, James appears to have patched up a peace with the Government, and probably eked out a livelihood by cattle-stealing and spying, till, on December 8, 1750, he helped his brother Robin to abduct a young widow of some property. {231b} Soon after he was arrested, tried, and lodged, first in the Tolbooth, next, for more security, in Edinburgh Castle.
On November 16, 1752, James, by aid of his daughter (Mr. Stevenson"s Catriona), escaped from the Castle disguised as a cobbler. {232a} It has often been said that the Government connived at James"s escape.
If so, they acted rather meanly in sentencing "two lieutenants" of his guard "to be broke, the sergeant reduced to a private man, and the porter to be whipped." {232b}
The adventures of James after his escape are narrated by a writer in "Blackwood"s Magazine" for December 1817. This writer was probably a Macgregor, and possessed some of James"s familiar epistles.
Overcoming a fond desire to see once more his native hills and his dear ones (fourteen in all), James, on leaving Edinburgh Castle, bent his course towards the Border. In a dark night, on a c.u.mberland moor, he met the famed Billy Marshall, the gipsy. Mr. Marshall, apologising for the poverty of his temporary abode, remarked that he would be better housed "when some ill-will which he had got in Galloway for setting fire to a stackyard would blow over." Three days later Billy despatched James in a fishing boat from Whitehaven, whence he reached the Isle of Man. He then made for Ireland, and my next information about James occurs in a letter of Balhaldie, dated August 10, 1753, to the King over the Water. {232c} Balhaldie"s letter to Rome, partly in cypher, runs thus, and is creditable to James"s invention:
"James Drummond Macgregor, Rob Roy"s son, came here some days agoe, and informed me that, having made his escape from Scotland by Ireland, he was addressed to some namesakes of his there, who acquainted him that the clan Macgregor were very numerous in that country, under different names, the greatest bodies of them living together in little towns and villages opposite to the Scottish coast." They had left Scotland some one hundred and fifty years before, when their clan was proscribed. James "never saw men more zealously loyal and clanish, better looked, or seemingly more intrepid and hardy. . . . No Macgregors in the Scotch highlands are more willing or ready to joyn their clan in your Majesty"s service than they were, and for that end to transport 3,000 of their name and followers to the coast of Argileshyre." They will only require twenty-four hours "to transport themselves in whirries of their own, even in face of the enemy"s fleet, of which they are not affrayed."
The King, in answer (September 11, 1753), expressed a tempered pleasure in Mr. Macgregor"s information, which, he said, might interest the Prince. On September 6, 1753, Lord Strathallan, writing to Edgar from Boulogne, vouches only for James"s courage. "As to anything else, I would be sorry to answer for him, as he had but an indifferent character as to real honesty." On September 20, James Mohr, in Paris, wrote to the Prince, anxious to know where he was, and to communicate important news from Ireland. Probably James got no reply, for on October 18, 1753, Lord Holdernesse wrote from Whitehall to Lord Albemarle, English amba.s.sador in Paris, a letter marked "Very secret," acknowledging a note of Lord Albemarle"s. Mr.
Macgregor had visited Lord Albemarle on October 8th and 10th, with offers of information. Lord Holdernesse, therefore, sends a safe- conduct for Macgregor"s return. {234} We now give Macgregor"s letter of October 12, 1733, to Lord Albemarle, setting forth his sad case and honourably patriotic designs:
MS. Add. 32,733.
"Paris: October 12, 1753. Mr. James Drummond.
"My Lord,--Tho" I have not the Honour to be much acquainted with Your Lordship, I presume to give you the trouble of this to acquaint your lordship that by a false Information I was taken prisoner in Scotland in November 1751 and by the speat [spite] that a certain Faction in Dundas, Scotland, had at me, was trayd by the Justiciary Court at Edinburgh, when I had brought plenty of exculpation which might free any person whatever of what was alledged against me, yet such a Jurie as at Dundas was given me, thought proper to give in a special verdict, finding some parts of the Layable [libel] proven, and in other parts found it not proven. It was thought by my friends that I would undergo the Sentence of Banishment, which made me make my escape from Edinburgh Castle in Novr. 1752, and since was forced to come to France for my safety. I ALWAYS HAD IN MY VEW IF POSSABLE TO BE CONCERNED IN GOVERNMENT"S SERVICE, {235} and, FOR THAT PURPOSE, thought it necessar ever since I came to France to be as much as possable in company with the Pretender"s friends, so far as now I think I can be one useful Subject to my King and Country, upon giving me PROPER INCOURAGEMENT.
"In the first place I think its in my power to bring Allan Breack Stewart, the suposd murdrer of Colin Campbell of Glenouir, late factor of the forfet Estate of Ardsheal, to England and to deliver him in safe custody so as he may be brought to justice, and in that event, I think the delivering of the said murderer merits the getting of a Remission from his Majesty the King, especially as I was not guilty of any acts of treason since the Year 1746, and providing your lordship procures my Remission upon delivering the said murderer, I hereby promise to discover a very grand plott on footing against the Government, which is more effectually carried on than any ever since the Family of Stewart was put off the Throne of Britain, and besides to do all the services that lays in my power to the Government.
"Only with this provision, that I shall be received into the Government"s Service, and that I shall have such reward as my Service shall meritt, I am willing, if your lordship shall think it agreeable, to go to England privily and carry the murderer [Allan Breck] alongest with me, and deliver him at Dover to the Military, and after waite on such of the King"s friends as your lordship shall appoint. If your lordship think this agreeable, I should wish General Campbell would be one of those present as he knows me and my family, and besides that, I think to have some Credit with the General, which I cannot expect with those whom I never had the Honour to know. Either the General or Lieutt. Colln. John Crawford of Poulteney"s Regiment would be very agreeable to me, as I know both of these would trust me much, and at the same time, I could be more free to them than to any others there. Your lordship may depend [on] the motive that induces me to make this Offer at present to you, in the Government"s name, is both honourable and just, {236} so that I hope no other constructions will be put on it, and for your lordship"s further satisfaction, I say nothing in this letter, but what I am determined to perform, and as much more as in my power layes with that, and that all I have said is Trueth, and I shall answer to G.o.d.
"JAS. DRUMMOND."
James was sent over to England, and we now offer the results of his examination in London, on November 6, 1753. The following doc.u.ment deals with the earlier part of Mr. Macgregor"s appalling revelations, and describes his own conduct on landing in France, after a tour in the Isle of Man and Ireland, in December 1752. That he communicated his Irish mare"s nest to Charles, as he says he did, is very improbable. Like Sir Francis Clavering, as described by the Chevalier Strong, James Mohr "would rather he than not." However, he certainly gave a version of his legend to the Old Chevalier in Rome.
Extract of the Examination of Mr. James Drummond.
"That about the 8th. of May following (vizt. May 1753) He (Mr. D.) did set out for France, and arrived at Boulogne on the 16th. where He met with Lord Strathalane, and as He (Mr. D.) was asking after the Young Pretender, His Lordship told Him that He had seen a letter from Him (the Young Pretender) lately to Sir James Harrington, at which time he (the Young Pretender), was lodged at an Abbe"s House, about a League and Half from Lisle, whereupon He (Mr. D.) communicated to his Lordship, in the presence of Capt. Wm. Drummond, and Mr. Charles Boyde, the Commission, with which He was charged. That thereupon His Lordship undertook to wait upon the Young Pretender with the Irish Proposal, and advised Him (Mr. D.) to go and stay at Bergue, till He (Lord Strathalane) came to Him there. That on the 20th. June following, His Lordship wrote Him (Mr. D.) a Letter (which is hereunto annexed) to this effect--"That he (Lord Strathalane) had laid Mr. Savage"s Proposal before the Young Pretender, who desired, that he, (Mr. D.) would repair to Paris, and that He had sent Him (Mr. D.) a Bill upon Mr. Waters (the Banker) to pay His charges.
{238} That He (Mr. D.) did accordingly go to Paris, and that upon His arrival there, He first waited upon Mr. Gordon, Princ.i.p.al of the Scot"s College, but that nothing particular pa.s.sed there. (N.B.
There is not one word, in any of Mr. Drummond"s papers, of His [the Prince"s] intending to go to Berlin.) (Official Note.)"
n.o.body, of course, can believe a word that James Mohr ever said, but his disclosures, in the following full report of his examination, could only have been made by a person pretty deep in Jacobite plans.
For example, Balhaldie, chief of the Macgregors, did really live at Bievre, as James Mohr says. There was in Edinburgh at this time a certain John Macfarlane, w.s., whose pretty wife, in 1716, shot dead an English captain, n.o.body ever knew why. She fled to the Swintons of Swinton, who concealed her in their house. One day Sir Walter Scott"s aunt Margaret, then a child of eight, residing at Swinton, stayed at home when the family went to church. Peeping into a forbidden parlour she saw there a lovely lady, who fondled her, bade her speak only to her mother, and vanished while the little girl looked out of the window. This appearance was Mrs. Macfarlane, who shot Captain Cayley, and was now lying perdue at Swinton.
Now, in 1753 the pretty lady"s husband, Mr. Macfarlane, was agent in Scotland for Balhaldie. To him Balhaldie wrote frequently on business, sent him also a "most curious toy," a tortoise-sh.e.l.l snuff- box, containing, in a secret receptacle, a portrait of King James VIII. Letters of his, in April 1753, show that James Mohr was so far right; Balhaldie WAS living at Bievre, in a glen three leagues from Paris, and was amusing himself by the peaceful art of making loyal snuff-boxes in tortoise-sh.e.l.l. {239}
As to Bievre, then, James Mohr was right. He may or may not have lied in the following paper, when he says that the Prince was coming over, with Lord Marischal, to the Balhaldie faction of Jacobites, who were more in touch with the French Court than his own a.s.sociates.
Mr. Trant, of whom James Mohr speaks, was really with the Prince, as Pickle also a.s.serts, and as the Stuart Papers prove. Probably he was akin to Olive Trant, a pretty intriguer of 1715, mentioned by Bolingbroke in his famous letter to Wyndham. As to Ireland, James Mohr really did take it on his way to France, though his promises in the name of "the People of Fingal" are Irish moonshine. Were arms, as James Mohr says, lodged in Clanra.n.a.ld"s country, Moidart? Pickle refused to let them be landed in Knoydart, his own country, and thought nothing of the kind could be done without his knowledge.
James Mohr may really have had news of arms landed at the House of Tough on the Forth, near Stirling, where they would be very convenient. Pickle, I conceive, was not trusted by Clanra.n.a.ld, and Cameron he had traduced. If James Mohr by accident speaks the truth in the following Information, more was done by Lochgarry and Cameron than Pickle wotted of during the autumn of 1752 and the spring of 1753. The arms may have been those ordered by Charles in 1750.
Here is James Mohr"s Confession, made in London, November 6, 1753: {240}
"That, in June 1753, the Pretender"s Son wrote to Mr. McGregor of Bolheldies, in a most sincere manner, that he wanted He should undertake His Service, as formerly: Bolheldies refused to undertake anything for him, till such time, as He was reconciled with his Father, and make acknowledgements for His Misconduct to the King of France, and then, that He was willing to enter upon His affairs only, in concert with the Earl of Mareschal, and none other, for that He could not trust any about Him: Upon which, the Pretender"s Son wrote Him a second time, a.s.suring Bolheldies, that He would be entirely advised by Him, and at the same time, that He expected no see Him soon, when things would be concerted to His Satisfaction. {241}
"About the middle of September, the Pretender"s Son arrived in Paris, in company with one Mr. Trent [Trant], and Fleetwood, two English Gentlemen, who carried Him from South of Avignon [probably a lie], and when they came thro" Avignon, He was called Mr. Trent"s Cousin, and thereafter, upon all their Journey, till they landed at Paris.
During his stay at Paris, He stayed at Mr. John Water"s House.
Immediately upon His arrival at Paris, Bolheldies was sent for, who stay"d with Him only that night: The next day, He went to Baivre [Bievre], where He lives, Two Leagues South of Paris: How soon Bolheldies went Home, He sent Express to Mr. Butler, the King of France"s Master of the Horse, and also a great Favorite: Mr. Butler came upon a Sunday Morning to Baivre, and about 3 o"clock in the Afternoon, the Earl of Marischal sent an Express to Bolheldies; and after Receipt of this Express, Mr. Butler went off to Versailles: That evening, Bolheldies told me, that now He hoped, the Prince, as He called Him, would be advised by His best friends, for that He seems to have a full view of what Folly He had committed, by being advised and misled, by a Parcel of such Fools, as has been about Him, since the year 1745. But now, providing He would stand firm to His promise, to stand by the Earl of Mareschal and His advice, that He hoped His Affairs might soon be brought on a right Footing; He added further, That he was still afraid of His breaking thro" concert; That He was so headstrong, how soon He saw the least appearance of success, That He might come to ruin His whole Affairs, as He did, when He stole away to Scotland, in the year 1745, by the advice of John Murray, Callie [Kelly], Sheridan, and such other Fools.
"I then told Bolheldies, that He had been at great pains to get the Restoration of the Family Stuart brought about, and that tho" He succeeded, he might be very ill rewarded, in the Event, and He and His Clan, probably, on the first discontent, be ruined, as that Family had done formerly, to gratify others, for that it seems, He had forgot, that very Family in King Charles"s time, persecuted the whole of His Clan, in a most violent manner; {242} and I added farther, that the whole of His Clan would be much better pleased, if He did but procure Liberty from the Government to return Home, and live the remainder of His Days among His Friends. Bolheldies a.s.sured me, that He was willing to go Home, providing He had the least consent from the Government; Only, He would not chuse to be put under any Restrictions, than to live as a peaceable Subject.
"He added further, that He was so much afraid of the Pretender"s Son being so ill to manage, and also that the Irish would break thro"
Secret, That he could heartily wish not to be concerned, could he but fall on a Method to get clear of it; But at present, that He had engaged to enter upon some Business with the Earl of Mareschal; and especially, about those Proposals from Ireland, which He thought very probable, if Matters were carried on by people of sense, that knew how to manage, for that all this affair depended on keeping the Government ignorant of what was doing. Four days after this, there was a meeting held, Two Leagues South from Baivre, by the Pretender"s Son, Earl of Mareschal, Bolheldies, Mr. Butler, Mr. Gordon, Princ.i.p.al of the Scots College, Mr. Trent, and Fleetwood, and some other English Gentlemen, whom Bolheldies did not inform me of.
"When Bolheldies returned Home, He told me, the Irish Proposals were accepted of, and for that purpose, that there were some Persons to be sent both to Scotland, and Ireland, and that I was appointed to be one of those for Ireland, to transact the affairs with the People of Fingal, especially as Mr. Savage had desired, that if any should be sent, that I would be the person intrusted in their affair. {243} That Col. and Capt. Browne, Capt. Bagget, were to be sent along with Mr. McDiarmid: Bolheldies also said, that He was afraid, he would be obliged to take a trip to England, some time in winter, for that some certain Great Men there would trust none other to enter on business with them, as Lord Sempil was dead, but that, if [he] could help it, He did not incline to go. That those, that were to be appointed to go to Scotland, were entirely refer"d to him, and Mr. Gordon the Princ.i.p.al. The management of the Scots affairs is entirely refer"d to Stirling of Kear, Mr. Murray of Abercarney, Mr. Smith, and Sr.
Hugh Paterson [uncle of Miss Walkinshaw!]. That Mr. Charles has promised to manage the Duke of Hamilton, and Friends . . . Bolheldies a.s.sured me, that any, that pleased to join from France, would not be hindered: and that there was a Method fallen upon to get Two Ships of War, as also plenty of arms, and ammunition, which would be sent by the Ships, to both Ireland and Scotland. That the Irish propose to raise 14,000 Men [!], and in two days time, to have them embarked in Wherries from Dublin, Rush, Skeddish, and Drogheda, and from thence transported, in six hours, to North Wales, or, in Twenty-four hours, to Scotland, either of which as the service required; providing always, that the 2 Ships of War were sent to escort them, as also Arms and ammunition and Money. That it was proposed by both the Earl of Mareschal, and Bolheldies, that 11,000 should land in North Wales, and 3,000 in Campbelltown of Kentyre in Argyleshire; for that those in Argyleshire that were well affected to their cause, would have a good opportunity to rise, by leading 3,000 Irish. That McDonald of Largye has proposed that there will rise, from that end of Argyleshire 2,500 Men, including the Duke of Hamilton"s Men from Arran; To wit, the McDonalds of Largye, the McNeils, McAlisters, Lamonds, and McLawchlans, with what Sr. James Campbell of Auchinbreck can rise; and those from Campbelltown to march to the Head of Argyleshire, and to Perthshire, where they were to be joind by the North Country Clans, which with the Irish, and those from Argyleshire, was computed to be near 14,000 Men, and to be commanded by the Earl of Mareschal, and Lord George Murray. {245}
"Bolheldies a.s.sured me . . . that the Pretender"s Son made a proposal to His Father to resign the Crown in his Favor: It was refused; and it was desired of Him not to make any further Proposals of that kind.
Bolheldies was desired to go to Rome, to expostulate with the Pretender, which he begged to be excused, for that it was contrary to his Opinion, and that He did not approve of the Proposal, would never desire the Old Gentleman to resign. He told me, that this Proposal proceeded from the English, as the Young Pretender had owned that He was Protestant . . .
"It consists with my knowledge, that there were lodged, in Clanronald"s Country, 9,000 Stands of Arms under the care of Ronald McDonald, Brother to the late Kinloch Moydart, Mr. McDonald of Glenaladale, and the Baillie of Egg, and kept still by them, in as good order as possible. That one, John McDonald, who is my own Cousin German, and is also Cousin German to Glenaladale, met with me in the Braes of Argyleshire, in March last [James was not in Scotland at that date!]; when He told me, that if there was an Invasion that they had plenty of Arms; and told the way and manner they had then preserved: But immediately before they were lodged in their hands, that Dr. Cameron had taken away, without orders, 250 Stands. That they might be got in Order, in six days time, by very few hands; for that they had sustained very little damage. It"s certain, some little pains might find them out. . . . Bolheldies a.s.sured me, that Sr. John Graham was sent by the Young Pretender"s Orders, to deliver Capt. Ogelvie 8,000 Swords, which had lain at Berlin [?], since the last affair, that he was to deliver them to Capt. Ogelvie, at or near Dunkirk, concealed into wine Hogsheads; and that Capt. Ogelvie was to land them at Airth, in the Frith of Forth; and to get them conveyed to the house of Tough, where they were to remain under the charge of Mr. Charles Smith, whose Son is married to the Heiress of Tough. The House of Tough is two miles above Stirling. I also saw Mr. Binglie, Under Master of the Horse, sent by Mr. Butler, and met at Bolheldie"s House, by young Sheridan, who is always with the Young Pretender.
{246} . . .
"That the Irish Proposal, sent by me was thus: In way to France, I came to the Isle of Man, where I had occasion to meet one Mr. Patrick Savage, to whom I was recommended by a Friend in Scotland; This Mr.