M85 Piedmont seeks to reign at Rome.
M86 The Piedmontese Government fills its coffers by plundering the church.
M87 The Emperor Napoleon induced to modify his Italian policy.
6 Whoever thinks to devour the Pope will die of indigestion. These words, though not very polite, proved to be prophetic.
M88 Garibaldi defeated at Aspromonte.
M89 Canonization of the Martyrs of j.a.pan.
M90 The Pope"s consistorial allocution to the a.s.sembled bishops. He denounces the errors of the time.
M91 The Church in Poland persecuted. Pius IX. raises his voice in its behalf.
M92 The revolutionists admire the courage of Pius IX.
M93 The Russian Envoy insults the Pope.
M94 Pius IX. insists on protecting the ex-King of Naples, and takes Napoleon severely to task.
M95 An Emperor and Empress visit the Pope.
M96 A Papal Nuncio sent to remind Maximilian of his promises made at Rome.
M97 A further step towards the abolition of the Papal sovereignty.
M98 The Syllabus.
M99 Successful efforts of Napoleon III. to humble Austria.
M100 Pius IX. devoted to the duties of his spiritual office.
M101 Canonization, 1859. John Baptist de Rossi.
M102 John Sarcander.
M103 Benedict Joseph Labre.
M104 Mixed schools-Ireland.
M105 Troubles of the Church in Mexico.
M106 Revolutionary aggression.-Treachery of the Italian Government.
M107 Garibaldi invades the Papal states.
M108 Murder of the Zouave music band.
M109 French army ordered to Rome.
M110 Character of Garibaldians-No sympathy with them.
M111 The Maistre-Muller.
M112 Garibaldian fanaticism.
M113 Two murderers executed.
M114 Pius IX. visits the wounded rebels.
7 If Russia were a little more within the pale of civilization, it would be noted as an exception. Its bishops were not allowed to proceed to Rome.
8 The number of prelates at Rome attending the council was never, for any length of time, the same. And writers give the numbers according to the time at which they noted them.
9 The _left arm_ looking from the door of the Basilica, the _right_ looking from the high altar. As was fitting, it was the Gospel side.
10 According to the best statistics that can be found.
11 There appeared at Munich, in 1874, an ingenious caricature. It represented the Prussian chancellor, endeavoring, with a Krupp gun, which he used as a lever, to overthrow a church emblem of Catholicism. Satan comes on the scene, and says: "What are you doing, my friend?" Bismarck, "This church embarra.s.ses me; I want to upset it." Satan, "It embarra.s.ses me, too. I have been laboring 1800 years to demolish it. If your Excellency succeeds, I pledge myself to resign my office in your favor."
12 A later estimate than at page 120.
13 The late celebrated preacher, Dr. c.u.mming, also admitted the expansive power which is characteristic of the Catholic Church. And in doing so, he bore witness to its actual growth in his time. In a lecture delivered at Brentford, England, in 1860, he said: "He would do the priests of the Church of Rome the justice to say that a more earnest, energetic, a more industrious body he did not know in any portion of our church; they were laboring incessantly for what they believed to be the truth, and he would that he could say without success, but he was sorry to say _with great success_. He saw going over to the Church of Rome a section of the n.o.bility and many ministers of our church. These were well instructed, and ought to have known better. In England, account for it as they could, it had made progress to such an extent, during the last twenty years, that it had doubled its churches and doubled its priests."-Lecture at Brentford. England, 1860.
14 Discourse delivered in the Church of St. Peter _ad vincula_, 1st June, 1877, by the Bishop of Poitiers.
_ 15 La Captivite de Pie IX. par Alexander de St. Albin. Paris_, 1878.
Pages 513 and 514.
16 That _was_ the Pantheon, or temple of all the G.o.ds. It is now the Church called _St. Mary of the Martyrs_ (_Sae Mariae ad Martyres_).
17 Their purpose is sufficiently manifest. But the calumny did not avail them. Pius the Ninth"s last illness was of such a character as to render impossible congestion of the brain. He possessed to the end his mental faculties. And when the power of speech failed, he was still able to express his thoughts, which were clear and distinct, by looks and gestures.
18 "With the aid of Thy grace."
19 "We shall enter into the House of the Lord."
20 "Depart, Christian soul."
21 The crisis in the Eastern question, the att.i.tude of the Holy Father on the occasion of Victor Emmanuel"s sudden demise, the consequent devolution of the crown to a new sovereign, the scandal of the Prime Minister"s (Orispi"s) notorious criminality before the law necessitating his unwilling resignation and the fall of the ministry, the suddenness of the Holy Father"s decease; all these events and conditions, in their several degrees and kinds, made the moment at which it had to meet astonishingly propitious for the holding of the Conclave in the Vatican itself.