I recall offhand the County Democracy, which was the only real opponent Tammany has had in my time, the Irving Hall Democracy, the New York State Democracy, the German-American Democracy, the Protection Democracy, the Independent County Democracy, the Greater New York Democracy, the Jimmy O"Brien Democracy, the Delicatessen Dealers"
Democracy, the Silver Democracy, and the Italian Democracy. Not one of them is livin" today, although I hear somethin" about the ghost of the Greater New York Democracy bein" seen on Broadway once or twice a year.
In the old days of the County Democracy, a new Democratic organization meant some trouble for Tammany--for a time anyhow. Nowadays a new Democracy means nothin" at all except that about a dozen bone-hunters have got together for one campaign only to try to induce Tammany to give them a job or two, or in order to get in with the reformers for the same purpose. You might think that it would cost a lot of money to get up one of these organizations and keep it goin" for even one campaign, but, Lord bless you! it costs next to nothin". Jimmy O"Brien brought the manufacture of "Democracies" down to an exact science, and reduced the cost of production so as to bring it within the reach of all. Any man with $50 can now have a "Democracy" of his own.
I"ve looked into the industry, and can give rock-bottom figures. Here"s the items of cost of a new "Democracy
A dinner to twelve bone-hunters $12.00 A speech on Jeffersonian Democracy 00.00 A proclamation of principles (typewriting) 2.00 Rent of a small room one month for headquarters 12.00 Stationery 2.00 Twelve secondhand chairs 6.00 One secondhand table 2.00 Twenty-nine cuspidors 9.00 Sign painting 5.00 Total ------ $50.00
Is there any reason for wonder, then, that "Democracies" spring up all over when a munic.i.p.al campaign is comm" on? If you land even one small job, you get a big return on your investment. You don"t have to pay for advertisin" in the papers. The New York papers tumble over one another to give columns to any new organization that comes out against Tammany.
In describin" the formation of a "Democracy" on the $50 basis, accordin"
to the items I give, the papers would say somethin" like this: "The organization of the Delicatessen Democracy last night threatens the existence of Tammany Hall. It is a grand move for a new and pure Democracy in this city. Well may the Tammany leaders be alarmed; panic has already broke loose in Fourteenth Street. The vast crowd that gathered at the launching of the new organization, the stirrin" speeches and the proclamation of principles mean that, at last, there is an uprisin" that will end Tammany"s career of corruption. The Delicatessen Democracy will open in a few days s.p.a.cious headquarters where all true Democrats may gather and prepare for the fight."
Say, ain"t some of the papers awful gullible about politics? Talk about come-ons from Iowa or Texas they ain"t in it with the childlike simplicity of these papers.
It"s a wonder to me that more men don"t go into this kind of manufacturin" industry. It has bigger profits generally than the green-goods business and none of the risks. And you don"t have to invest as much as the green-goods men. Just see what good things some of these "Democracies" got in the last few years! The New York State Democracy in 1897 landed a Supreme Court Justiceship for the man who manufactured the concern--a fourteen-year term at $17,500 a year, that is $245,000. You see, Tammany was rather scared that year and was bluffed into givin"
this job to get the support of the State Democracy which, by the way, went out of business quick and prompt the day after it got this big plum. The next year the German Democracy landed a place of the same kind. And then see how the Greater New York Democracy worked the game on the reformers in 1901! The men who managed this concern were former Tammanyites who had lost their grip; yet they made the Citizens" Union innocents believe that they were the real thing in the way of reformers, and that they had 100,000 voter back of them. They got the Borough President of Manhattan, the President of the Board of Aldermen, the Register and a lot of lesser places, it was the greatest bunco game of modern times.
And then, in 1894, when Strong was elected mayor, what a harvest it was for all the little "Democracies", that was made to order that year!
Every one of them got somethin" good. In one case, all the nine men in an organization got jobs payin" from $2000 to $5000. I happen to know exactly what it cost to manufacture that organization. It was $42.04.
They left out the stationery, and had only twenty-three cuspidors. The extra four cents was for two postage stamps.
The only reason I can imagine why more men don"t go into this industry is because they don"t know about it. And just here it strikes me that it might not be wise to publish what I"ve said. Perhaps if it gets to be known what a snap this manufacture of "Democracies" is, all the green-goods men, the bunco-steerers, and the young Napoleons of finance will go into it and the public will be humbugged more than it has been.
But, after all, what difference would it make? There"s always a certain number of suckers and a certain number of men lookin" for a chance to take them in, and the suckers are sure to be took one way or another.
It"s the everlastin" law of demand and supply.
Chapter 15. Concerning Gas in Politics
SINCE the eighty-cent gas bill was defeated in Albany, everybody"s talkin" about senators bein" bribed. Now, I wasn"t in the Senate last session, and I don"t know the ins and outs of everything that was done, but I can tell you that the legislators are often hauled over the coals when they are all on the level I"ve been there and I know. For instance, when I voted in the Senate in 1904, for the Remsen Bill that the newspapers called the "Astoria Gas Grab Bill," they didn"t do a thing to me. The papers kept up a howl about all the supporters of the bill bein"
bought up by the Consolidated Gas Company, and the Citizens" Union did me the honor to call me the commander-in-chief of the "Black Horse Cavalry."
The fact is that I was workin" for my district all this time, and I wasn"t bribed by n.o.body. There"s several of these gashouses in the district, and I wanted to get them over to Astoria for three reasons: first, because they"re nuisances; second, because there"s no votes in them for me any longer; third, because--well, I had a little private reason which I"ll explain further on. I needn"t explain how they"re nuisances. They"re worse than open sewers. Still, I might have stood that if they hadn"t degenerated so much in the last few years.
Ah, gashouses ain"t what they used to be! Not very long ago, each gashouse was good for a couple of hundred votes. All the men employed in them were Irishmen and Germans who lived in the district. Now, it is all different. The men are dagoes who live across in Jersey and take no interest in the district. What"s the use of havin" ill-smellin"
gashouses if there"s no votes in them?
Now, as to my private reason. Well, I"m a business man and go in for any business that"s profitable and honest. Real estate is one of my specialties. I know the value of every foot of ground in my district, and I calculated long ago that if them gashouses was removed, surroundin" property would go up 100 per cent. When the Remsen Bill, providin" for the removal of the gashouses to Queens County came up. I said to myself: "George, hasn"t your chance come?" I answered: "Sure."
Then I sized up the chances of the bill. I found it was certain to pa.s.s the Senate and the a.s.sembly, and I got a.s.surances straight from headquarters that Governor Odell would sign it. Next I came down to the city to find out the mayor"s position. I got it straight that he would approve the bill, too.
Can"t you guess what I did then? Like any sane man who had my information, I went in and got options on a lot of the property around the gashouses. Well, the bill went through the Senate and the a.s.sembly all right and the mayor signed it, but Odell backslided at the last minute and the whole game fell through. If it had succeeded, I guess I would have been accused of graftin". What I want to know is, what do you call it when I got left and lost a pot of money?
I not only lost money, but I was abused for votin" for the bill. Wasn"t that outrageous? They said I was in with the Consolidated Gas Company and all other kinds of rot, when I was really only workin" for my district and tryin" to turn an honest penny on the side. Anyhow I got a little fun out of the business. When the Remsen Bill was up, I was tryin" to put through a bill of my own, the Spuyten Duyvil Bill, which provided for fillin" in some land under water that the New York Central Railroad wanted. Well, the Remsen managers were afraid of bein"
beaten and they went around offerin" to make trades with senators and a.s.semblymen who had bills they were anxious to pa.s.s. They came to me and offered six votes for my Spuyten Duyvil Bill in exchange for my vote on the Remsen Bill. I took them up in a hurry, and they felt pretty sore afterwards when they heard I was goin" to vote for the Remsen Bill anyhow.
A word about that Spuyten Duyvil Bill--I was criticized a lot for introducin" it. They said I was workin" in the interest of the New York Central, and was goin" to get the contract for fillin" in. The fact is, that the fillin" in was a good thing for the city, and if it helped the New York Central, too, what of it? The railroad is a great public inst.i.tution, and I was never an enemy of public inst.i.tutions. As to the contract, it hasn"t come along yet. If it does come, it will find me at home at all proper and reasonable hours, if there is a good profit in sight.
The papers and some people are always ready to find wrong motives in what us statesmen do. If we bring about some big improvement that benefits the city and it just happens, as a sort of coincidence, that we make a few dollars out of the improvement, they say we are grafters.
But we are used to this kind of ingrat.i.tude. It falls to the lot of all statesmen, especially Tammany statesmen. All we can do is to bow our heads in silence and wait till time has cleared our memories.
Just think of mentionin" dishonest graft in connection with the name of George Washington Plunkitt, the man who gave the city its magnificent chain of parks, its Washington Bridge, its Speedway, its Museum of Natural History, its One Hundred and Fifty-fifth Street Viaduct and its West Side Courthouse! 1 was the father of the bills that provided for all these; yet, because I supported the Remsen and Spuyten Duyvil bills, some people have questioned my honest motives. If that"s the case, how can you expect legislators to fare who are not the fathers of the parks, the Washington Bridge, the Speedway and the Viaduct?
Now, understand; I ain"t defendin" the senators who killed the eighty-cent gas bill. I don"t know why they acted as they did; I only want to impress the idea to go slow before you make up your mind that a man, occupyin" the exalted position that 1 held for so many years, has done wrong. For all I know, these senators may have been as honest and high minded about the gas bill as I was about the Remsen and Spuyten Duyvil bills.
Chapter 16. Plunkitt"s Fondest Dream
The time is comm" and though I"m no youngster, I may see it, when New York City will break away from the State and become a state itself. It"s got to come. The feelin" between this city and the hayseeds that make a livin" by plunderin" it is every bit as bitter as the feelin" between the North and South before the war. And, let me tell you, if there ain"t a peaceful separation before long, we may have the horrors of civil war right here in New York State. Why, I know a lot of men in my district who would like nothin" better today than to go out gunnin" for hayseeds!
New York City has got a bigger population than most of the states in the Union. It"s got more wealth than any dozen of them. Yet the people here, as I explained before, are nothin" but slaves of the Albany gang. We have stood the slavery a long, long time, but the uprisin" is near at hand. It will be a fight for liberty, just like the American Revolution.
We"ll get liberty peacefully if we can; by cruel war if we must.
Just think how lovely things would be here if we had a Tammany Governor and Legislature meetin", say in the neighborhood of Fifty-ninth Street, and a Tammany Mayor and Board of Aldermen doin" business in City Hall!
How sweet and peaceful everything would go on!
The people wouldn"t have to bother about nothin". Tammany would take care of everything for them in its nice quiet way. You wouldn"t hear of any conflicts between the state and city authorities. They would settle everything pleasant and comfortable at Tammany Hall, and every bill introduced in the Legislature by Tammany would be sure to go through.
The Republicans wouldn"t count.
Imagine how the city would be built up in a short time! At present we can"t make a public improvement of any consequence without goin" to Albany for permission, and most of the time we get turned down when we go there. But, with a Tammany Governor and Legislature up at Fifty-ninth Street, how public works would hum here! The Mayor and Aldermen could decide on an improvement, telephone the Capitol, have a bill put through in a jiffy and--there you are. We could have a state const.i.tution, too, which would extend the debt limit so that we could issue a whole lot more bonds. As things are now, all the money spent for docks, for instance, is charged against the city in calculatin" the debt limit, although the Dock Department provides immense revenues. It"s the same with some other departments. This humbug would be dropped if Tammany ruled at the Capitol and the City Hall, and the city would have money to burn.
Another thing--the const.i.tution of the new state wouldn"t have a word about civil service, and if any man dared to introduce any kind of a civil service bill in the Legislature, he would be fired out the window.
Then we would have government of the people by the people who were elected to govern them. That"s the kind of government Lincoln meant. 0 what a glorious future for the city! Whenever I think of it I feel like goin" out and celebratin", and I"m really almost sorry that I don"t drink.
You may ask what would become of the upstate people if New York City left them in the lurch and went into the State business on its own account. Well, we wouldn"t be under no obligation to provide for them; still I would be in favor of helpin" them along for a while until they could learn to work and earn an honest livin", just like the United States Government looks after the Indians. These hayseeds have been so used to livin" off of New York City that they would be helpless after we left them. It wouldn"t do to let them starve. We might make some sort of an appropriation for them for a few years, but it would be with the distinct understandin" that they must get busy right away and learn to support themselves. If, after say five years, they weren"t self-supportin", we could withdraw the appropriation and let them shift for themselves. The plan might succeed and it might not. We"d be doin"
our duty anyhow.
Some persons might say: "But how about it if the hayseed politicians moved down here and went in to get control of the government of the new state?" We could provide against that easy by pa.s.sin" a law that these politicians couldn"t come below the Bronx without a sort of pa.s.sport limitin" the time of their stay here, and forbiddin" them to monkey with politics here. I don"t know just what kind of a bill would be required to fix this, but with a Tammany Const.i.tution, Governor, Legislature and Mayor, there would be no trouble in settlin" a little matter of that sort.
Say, I don"t wish I was a poet, for if I was, I guess I"d be livin" in a garret on no dollars a week instead of runnin" a great contractin"
and transportation business which is doin" pretty well, thank you; but, honest, now, the notion takes me sometimes to yell poetry of the red-hot-hail-glorious-land kind when I think of New York City as a state by itself.
Chapter 17. Tammany"s Patriotism
TAMMANY"s the most patriotic organization on earth, notwithstandin" the fact that the civil service law is sappin" the foundations of patriotism all over the country. n.o.body pays any attention to the Fourth of July any longer except Tammany and the small boy. When the Fourth comes, the reformers, with Revolutionary names parted in the middle, run off to Newport or the Adirondacks to get out of the way of the noise and everything that reminds them of the glorious day. How different it is with Tammany! The very const.i.tution of the Tammany Society requires that we must a.s.semble at the wigwam on the Fourth, regardless of the weather, and listen to the readin" of the Declaration of Independence and patriotic speeches.
You ought to attend one of these meetin"s. They"re a liberal education in patriotism. The great hall upstairs is filled with five thousand people, suffocatin" from heat and smoke. Every man Jack of these five thousand knows that down in the bas.e.m.e.nt there"s a hundred cases of champagne and two hundred kegs of beer ready to flow when the signal is given. Yet that crowd stick to their seats without turnin" a hair while, for four solid hours, the Declaration of Independence is read, long-winded orators speak, and the glee dub sings itself hoa.r.s.e.
Talk about heroism in the battlefield! That comes and pa.s.ses away in a moment. You ain"t got time to be anything but heroic. But just think of five thousand men sittin" in the hottest place on earth for four long hours, with parched lips and gnawin" stomachs, and knowin" all the time that the delights of the oasis in the desert were only two flights downstairs! Ah, that is the highest kind of patriotism, the patriotism of long sufferin" and endurance. What man wouldn"t rather face a cannon for a minute or two than thirst for four hours, with champagne and beer almost under his nose?
And then see how they applaud and yell when patriotic things are said!
As soon as the man on the platform starts off with "when, in the course of human events," word goes around that it"s the Declaration of Independence, and a mighty roar goes up. The Declaration ain"t a very short doc.u.ment and the crowd has heard it on every Fourth but they give it just as fine a send off as if it was brand-new and awful excitin".
Then the "long talkers" get in their work, that is two or three orators who are good for an hour each. Heat never has any effect on these men.
They use every minute of their time. Sometimes human nature gets the better of a man in the audience and he begins to nod, but he always wakes up with a hurrah for the Declaration of Independence.
The greatest hero of the occasion is the Grand Sachem of the Tammany Society who presides. He and the rest of us Sachems come on the stage wearin" stovepipe hats, accordin" to the const.i.tution, but we can shed ours right off, while the Grand Sachem is required to wear his hat all through the celebration. Have you any idea what that means? Four hours under a big silk hat in a hall where the heat registers 110 and the smoke 250! And the Grand Sachem is expected to look pleasant all the time and say nice things when introducin" the speakers! Often his hand goes to his hat, unconscious-like, then he catches himself up in time and looks around like a man who is in the tenth story of a burnin"