V. be vicious &c. adj.; sin, commit sin, do amiss, err, transgress; misdemean oneself[obs3], forget oneself, misconduct oneself; misdo[obs3], misbehave; fall, lapse, slip, trip, offend, trespa.s.s; deviate from the line of duty, deviate from the path of virtue &c. 944; take a wrong course, go astray; hug a sin, hug a fault; sow one"s wild oats.
render vicious &c. adj.; demoralize, brutalize; corrupt &c. (degrade) 659.
Adj. vicious[1]; sinful; sinning &c.v.; wicked, iniquitous, immoral, unrighteous, wrong, criminal; naughty, incorrect; unduteous[obs3], undutiful.
unprincipled, lawless, disorderly, contra bonos mores[Lat], indecorous, unseemly, improper; dissolute, profligate, scampish; unworthy; worthless; desertless[obs3]; disgraceful, recreant; reprehensible, blameworthy, uncommendable; discreditable, disreputable; s.a.d.i.s.tic.
base, sinister, scurvy, foul, gross, vile, black, grave, facinorous, felonious, nefarious, shameful, scandalous, infamous, villainous, of a deep dye, heinous; flagrant, flagitious; atrocious, incarnate, accursed.
Mephistophelian, satanic, diabolic, h.e.l.lish, infernal, stygian, fiendlike[obs3], h.e.l.l-born, demoniacal, devilish, fiendish.
miscreated[obs3], misbegotten; demoralized, corrupt, depraved.
evil-minded, evil-disposed; ill-conditioned; malevolent &c. 907; heartless, graceless, shameless, virtueless; abandoned, lost to virtue; unconscionable; sunk in iniquity, lost in iniquity, steeped in iniquity.
incorrigible, irreclaimable, obdurate, reprobate, past praying for; culpable, reprehensible &c. (guilty) 947.
unjustifiable; indefensible, inexcusable; inexpiable, unpardonable, irremissible[obs3].
weak, frail, lax, infirm, imperfect; indiscrete; demoralizing, degrading.
Adv. wrong; sinfully &c. adj.; without excuse.
Int. O tempora[obs3]! O mores!
Phr. alitur vitium vivitque tegendo [Lat][obs3][Vergil]; genus est mortis male vivere [Lat][Ovid]; mala mens malus animus [Lat][Terence]; nemo repente fuit turp.i.s.simus[Lat]; "the trail of the serpent is over them all"
[Moore]; "to sanction vice and hunt decorum down" [Bryon].
[Note 1 - Most of these adjectives are applicable both to the act and to the agent.].
#946. Innocence. -- N. innocence; guiltlessness &c. adj.; incorruption, impeccability.
clean hands, clear conscience, mens sibi conscia recti [Lat][Vergil].
innocent, lamb, dove.
V. be innocent &c. adj; nil conscire sibi nulla pallescere culpa [Lat][Horace].
acquit &c. 970; exculpate &c. (vindicate) 937.
Adj. innocent, not guilty; unguilty[obs3]; guiltless, faultless, sinless, stainless, bloodless, spotless; clear, immaculate; rectus in curia[Lat]; unspotted, unblemished, unerring; undefiled &c. 939; unhardened[obs3], Saturnian; Arcadian &c. (artless) 703[obs3].
inculpable, unculpable[obs3]; unblamed, unblamable[obs3]; blameless, unfallen[obs3], inerrable[obs3], above suspicion; irreproachable, irreprovable[obs3], irreprehensible[obs3]; unexceptionable, un.o.bjectionable, unimpeachable; salvable[obs3]; venial &c. 937.
harmless; inoffensive, innoxious[obs3], innocuous; dove-like, lamb- like; pure, harmless as doves; innocent as a lamb, innocent as the babe unborn; "more sinned against than sinning" [Lear].
virtuous &c. 944; unreproved[obs3], unimpeached, unreproached[obs3].
Adv. innocently &c. adj.; with clean hands; with a clear conscience, with a safe conscience.
Phr. murus aeneus conscientia sana [Lat][obs3][Horace].
#947. Guilt. -- N. guilt, guiltiness; culpability; criminality, criminousness[obs3]; deviation from rect.i.tude &c. (improbity) 940[obs3]; sinfulness &c. (vice) 945.
misconduct, misbehavior, misdoing, misdeed; malpractice, fault, sin, error, transgression; dereliction, delinquency; indiscretion, lapse, slip, trip, faux pas[Fr], peccadillo; flaw, blot, omission; failing, failure; break, bad break![U.S.], capital crime, delictum[Lat].
offense, trespa.s.s; misdemeanor, misfeasance, misprision; malefaction, malfeasance, malversation; crime, felony.
enormity, atrocity, outrage; deadly sin, mortal sin; "deed without a name" [Macbeth].
corpus delicti.
Adj. guilty, to blame, culpable, peccable[obs3], in fault, at fault, censurable, reprehensible, blameworthy, uncommendable, illaudable[obs3]; weighed in the balance and found wanting; exceptionable.
Adv. in flagrante delicto[Lat]; red-handed, in the very act, with one"s hand in the cookie jar.
Phr. cui prodest scelus in fecit [Lat][Seneca]; culpam paena premit comes [Lat][Horace]; "O would the deed were good!" [Richard II]; "responsibility prevents crimes" se judice nemo nocens absolvitur [Lat][Burke;][Juvenal]; "so many laws argues so many sins" [Paradise Lost].
#948. Good Man. -- N. good man, honest man, worthy.
good woman, perfect lady, Madonna.
model, paragon &c. (perfection) 650; good example; hero, heroine, demiG.o.d, seraph, angel; innocent &c. 946; saint &c. (piety) 987; benefactor &c. 912; philanthropist &c. 910; Aristides[obs3]; n.o.ble liver!, pattern.
brick*, trump*, gem, jewel, good fellow, prince, diamond in the rough, rough diamond, ugly duckling!.
salt of the earth; one in ten thousand; one in a million; a gentleman and a scholar; pillar of society, pillar of the community, a man among men.
Phr. si sic omnes[Lat]!
#949. Bad Man. -- N. bad man, wrongdoer, worker of iniquity; evildoer &c. 913; sinner; the wicked &c. 945; bad example.
villain, rascal, scoundrel, miscreant, budmash[obs3], caitiff!; wretch, reptile, viper, serpent, c.o.c.katrice, basilisk, urchin; tiger!, monster; devil &c. (demon) 980; devil incarnate; demon in human shape, Nana Sahib; h.e.l.lhound, h.e.l.lcat; rakeh.e.l.l[obs3].
bad woman, jade, Jezebel.
scamp, scapegrace, rip, runagate, ne"er-do-well, reprobate, scalawag, scallawag.
rou[French], rake; s.a.d.i.s.t; skeesicks*[obs3], skeezix* [obs3][U.S.]; limb; one who has sold himself to the devil, fallen angel, ame d.a.m.nee[Fr], vaurien[obs3], mauvais sujet[Fr], loose fish, sad dog; rounder*; lost sheep, black sheep; castaway, recreant, defaulter; prodigal &c. 818.
rough, rowdy, hooligan, tough, ugly customer, mean mother [coll.], ruffian, bully, meanie [jocular]; Jonathan Wild; hangman.
incendiary, arsonist, fire bug [U.S.].
thief &c. 792; murderer, terrorist &c. 361.
[person who violates the criminal law] culprit, delinquent, crook, hoodlum, hood, criminal, thug, malefactor, offender, perpetrator, perp [coll.]; disorderly person, misdemeanant[Law]; outlaw; scofflaw; vandal; felon[convicted criminal]; convict, prisoner, inmate, jail bird, ticket of leave man; multiple offender.
blackguard, polisson[obs3], loafer, sneak; rapscallion, rascallion[obs3]; cullion[obs3], mean wretch, varlet, kern[obs3], ame-de- boue[Fr], drole[obs3]; cur, dog, hound!, whelp!, mongrel!; lown!, loon, runnion[obs3], outcast, vagabond; rogue &c. (knave) 941; ronian[obs3]; sc.u.m of the earth, riffraff; Arcades ambo[obs3].
Int. sirrah[obs3]!
Phr. Acherontis pabulum[obs3]; gibier de potence[Fr].
#950. Penitence. -- N. penitence, contrition, compunction, repentance, remorse; regret &c. 833.
self-reproach, self-reproof, self-accusation, self-condemnation, self- humiliation; stings of conscience, pangs of conscience, qualms of conscience, p.r.i.c.kings of conscience[obs3], twinge of conscience, twitch of conscience, touch of conscience, voice of conscience; compunctious visitings of nature[obs3].
acknowledgment, confession &c. (disclosure) 529; apology &c. 952; recantation &c. 607; penance &c. 952; resipiscence!.
awakened conscience, deathbed repentance, locus paenitentiae[Lat], stool of repentance, cuttystool[obs3].
penitent, repentant, Magdalen, prodigal son, "a sadder and a wiser man" [Coleridge].
V. repent, be sorry for; be penitent &c. adj.; rue; regret &c. 833; think better of; recant &c. 607; knock under &c. (submit) 725; plead guilty; sing miserere[Lat], sing de profundis[Lat]; cry peccavi; own oneself in the wrong; acknowledge, confess &c, (disclose) 529; humble oneself; beg pardon &c. (apologize) 952; turn over a new leaf, put on the new man, turn from sin; reclaim; repent in sackcloth and ashes &c, (do penance) 952; learn by experience.
Adj. penitent; repenting &c.v.; repentant, contrite; conscience- smitten, conscience-stricken; self-accusing, self-convicted.
penitential, penitentiary; reclaimed, reborn; not hardened; unhardened[obs3].
Adv. mea culpa.
Phr. peccavi; erubuit[Lat]; salva res est [Lat][Terence]; Tu l"as voulu[Fr], Georges Dandin; "and wet his grave with my repentant tears"
[Richard III].
#951. Impenitence. -- N. impenitence, irrepentance[obs3], recusance[obs3]; lack of contrition.
hardness of heart, seared conscience, induration, obduracy.
V. be impenitent &c. adj.; steel the heart, harden the heart; die game, die and make no sign, die unshriven, die without benefit of clergy.
Adj. impenitent, uncontrite, obdurate; hard, hardened; seared, recusant; unrepentant; relentless, remorseless, graceless, shriftless[obs3].
lost, incorrigible, irreclaimable.
unreconstructed, unregenerate, unreformed; unrepented[obs3], unreclaimed[obs3], unatoned.
#952. Atonement. -- N. atonement, reparation; compromise, composition; compensation &c. 30; quittance, quits; expiation, redemption, reclamation, conciliation, propitiation; indemnification, redress.
amends, apology, amende honorable[obs3], satisfaction; peace offering, sin offering, burnt offering; scapegoat, sacrifice.
penance, fasting, maceration, sackcloth and ashes, white sheet, shrift, flagellation, l.u.s.tration[obs3]; purgation, purgatory.
V. atone, atone for; expiate; propitiate; make amends, make good; reclaim, redeem, repair, ransom, absolve, purge, shrive, do penance, stand in a white sheet, repent in sackcloth and ashes, wear a hairshirt.
set one"s house in order, wipe off old scores, make matters up; pay the forfeit, pay the penalty.
apologize, beg pardon, fair l"amende honorable[Fr], give satisfaction; come down on one"s knees, fall down on one"s knees, down on one"s marrow bones.
-- 4. MORAL PRACTICE --
#953. Temperance. -- N. temperance, moderation, sobriety, soberness.
forbearance, abnegation; self-denial, self-restraint, self-control &c.
(resolution) 604.
frugality; vegetarianism, teetotalism, total abstinence; abstinence, abstemiousness; Encratism[obs3], prohibition; system of Pythagoras, system of Cornaro; Pythagorism, Stoicism.
vegetarian; Pythagorean, gymnosophist[obs3].
teetotaler &c. 958; abstainer; designated driver; Encrat.i.te[obs3], fruitarian[obs3], hydropot!.
V. be temperate &c. adj.; abstain, forbear, refrain, deny oneself, spare, swear off.
know when one has had enough, know one"s limit.