4884. Do you get payment of that balance in money?-Yes.
4885. Do you also get advances in money, in the course of the year before settlement, if you want them?-Yes; whenever I ask for them. Our place is far away from the bank, and sometimes Mr.
Bruce may have run out of money by so many people having gone and asked it from him; but if I go to him and ask him for money, and he does not have it, he tells me when to come back and get it.
4886. In that case, when you get the money, do you spend it generally at Mr. Bruce"s shop, or do you go and deal at some other store with it?-I generally go to some other store.
4887. Do you find that you get your goods cheaper at another store than at his?-I am under that impression, but I never compared his goods with those of other merchants.
Lerwick, January 9, 1872, GEORGE WILLIAMSON, examined
4888. You are a fisherman at Eastsh.o.r.e, Dunrossness, and a tenant on Mr Bruce"s land?-I am.
4889. You have been there for thirteen years?-Yes.
4890. Do you remember a time when the fishermen got their freedom there?-That was before I came to the place.
4891. Were they understood formerly to be bound?-Yes, in old times they were bound; but, just about time when I came there, old Mr. Bruce gave them their liberty, and they were all free.
4892. Was there an understanding previously, that they were bound to fish only to him, or to his tacksmen?-Yes: but, two or three years before I came they got their liberty.
4893. Was there any payment made for that?-Each landholder had to pay 15s. a year for his freedom.
4894. Was that just an addition to their rent?-Yes.
4895. The rents were raised, and the fishermen had liberty to do as they liked about their fish?-Yes.
4896. From whom did you learn that?-It was given out by Mr.
Bruce, and by all the tenants.
4897. But you said you were not there at the time?-I was not.
4898. Then you learned that when you came from common report?-Yes, just from common report.
4899. Was your father a landholder there?-No. I removed from Mr. Bruce of Simbister"s ground to that place.
4900. Have you held your ground at the same rent for the thirteen years you have been there?-No. The rent has been raised a good deal since I came, in addition to the 15s.
4901. During all your time have you been free to deliver your fish to any person you chose?-I was free to do so until twelve years back, when I became bound to deliver my fish to Mr. John Bruce.
4902. That was by the letter which has been spoken of already?- Yes.
4903. You have heard the evidence of William Goudie, and the other men who have been examined?-Yes.
4904. Was it generally correct as to the way in which you deal about your fish?-So far as I could judge, I have not heard a wrong statement made to-day; and there has been nothing left for me to add to it.
4905. You agree with them that you can get money when you ask for it?-Yes.
4906. Is the bulk of the price of your fish paid to you in money or in goods?-I take goods according as I require them. I have meal and other things; and whatever is over, after paying my account at the shop and my rent, is cheerfully paid to me, the same as I would pay it to my son. There is not a freer man at paying money to his tenants than Mr. Bruce is. I have been 6 in debt, and asked him for advances, and he has given them to me.
4907. Was that after settlement?-Yes.
4908. And, of course, that was given to you on the understanding that you were to be fishing for him next year?-Yes; I was fishing for him by sea, and working for him by land.
4909. If you had not been fishing for him, would you have got an advance of that sort?-But I was fishing for him, so that I cannot tell that.
Lerwick, January 9, 1872, JAMES FLAWES, examined.
4910. You are a fisherman, and tenant under Mr. Grierson at Rennesta, near Quendale?-I am.
4911. Are you under any obligation to deliver your fish to Mr Grierson?-Yes.
4912. Is he a fish-merchant and fish-curer?-He is a fish-merchant, and he has men under him for curing his fish.
4913. Is your obligation a written one, or is it part of a verbal lease of your land?-When young Mr. Grierson got the fishing, he read out a statement to his tenantry at large, in the schoolroom at Quendale.
4914. How long ago was that?-Twelve years ago. That statement which he read gave the tenantry to understand that he was to become their fish-merchant, or the man they were to deliver their fish to; and that they were all bound to give him every tail of their fish from end to end of the season, as long as they held their land under him. If they did not do that, they knew the consequences: they would be turned out.
4915. Was that all stated to you in the schoolroom on that occasion?-Yes; it was all read off by Mr. Grierson himself.
4916. Were you present?-Yes.
4917. Did he state that you would be paid for your fish according to the current price at the time of settlement?-Yes; that was stated also at that time.
4918. Was it stated how that current price was to be ascertained?-It was to be the currency of the country, particularly the prices paid by three or four merchants who dealt in the same kind of fish that he received from his tenants.
4919. Did Mr. Grierson name the four merchants whose prices were to rule?-The four merchants who generally agree together are Mr. John Robertson, [Page 122] Messrs. Hay, Mr. Bruce of Sumburgh, and Mr. Grierson.
4920. How do you know that these merchants agree together as to the prices?-Because the tenants of the whole of them generally get the same price for their fish.
4921. Do not all the tenants in Shetland generally get the same price for their fish each season?-No; there is a difference.
4922. Do you know that the tenants of these four parties always get one price?-Yes; generally it is the same price that is given to them all.
4923. Do you know that the tenants on other estates get a different price?-Yes, I know that.
4924. Can you mention any case in which that has happened?- Yes. There are a few merchants in Sandwick parish who get fish from a few boats there-James Smith, James Mouat, and Thomas Tulloch-and they always give a little higher.
4925. Do these merchants keep shops as well?-Yes, they have shops too.
4926. Do the men who fish for them deal at their shops?-I understand they do.
4927. Can you tell me how much Tulloch and Smith have paid for their fish?-In some years they give 6d. per cwt. more than Mr.
Grierson and the other merchants I have mentioned, and for some kinds of fish 9d. more.
4928. What price did you receive for your fish at last settlement?-Last year, I think, we got 7s. for ling, or 7s. 3d., I could not exactly say which; 5s. 6d. for cod, and 3s. 6d. for saith.