14,501. So that, in point of fact, your account was settled in the Custom House just as it was before the Board of Trade regulations, with this exception, that there was no writing or reading over of the accounts at that place?-Yes. Before 1867 it was done in our own office. I may mention that in several cases, of which this [showing an account of wages] is a specimen, the men actually got what they had to get according to the Board of Trade regulations.
In that case the sum which the man had to get was 5, 16s. 3d.
14,502. Did he get the whole amount because he had no account at all?-He had an account, but he got this sum in full because his wife had not drawn all his allotments.
14,503. Were the allotments deducted in that account?-Yes, that was invariably done.
14,504. Did you draw the allotments for your account?-We drew them regularly from the owners.
14,505. So that this man got his balance due upon the account of wages, because his allotments had been applied to the account due to you?-Yes. I may mention that his account was very trifling,- in fact was next to nothing; and in addition to that he had a balance to get, when he came down to the office, of 3 odds due upon his allotments.
14,506. Have you any vessels engaged in the Faroe trade?-No; we are in no way connected with that fishing.
14,507. Have you any share as owner in any of the vessels for which you have acted as agent?-No; and as we are entirely out of that trade just now, have no reason for making the statements I have done, except merely to give it correct account of the way in which the business has been conducted. The statement I have made is altogether an unprejudiced one.
14,508. But you think the 21/2 per cent. allowed to you was a very inadequate remuneration?-Since the recent Board of Trade regulations were issued, it was because we had often to throw our own business aside to attend to the men when they came to settle.
*Mr. Tulloch afterwards furnished the following statement:- Men on s.s. "Arctic," of Dundee, voyage to seal and whale fishing in 1867.
Amount of wages and oil-money,411 14 6 Amount of cash paid Shetland portion of crew-35 men, 318 146 Amount of goods sold, 93 0 0
Average earnings,11 15 3 ,, cash, 9 2 1 ,, goods, 2 13 1
Men on s.s. "Narwhal"s" voyage to seal and whale fishing in 1869-M"Lennan, master.
Amount of wages and oil-money, etc.,. 303 15 2 Amount of cash paid Shetland portion of crew-19 men, 255 11 6 Amount of goods sold, 48 3 8
Average earnings,15 19 9 ,, cash,13 9 0 ,, goods,2 10 9
Men on s.s. "Erik," of London, voyage to seal fishing in 1869-Robert Jones, master.
Amount of wages and oil-money, etc., 365 10 10 Amount of cash paid Shetland portion of crew-25 men, 326 4 4 Amount of goods sold, 39 6 6 Average earnings,14 12 5 ,, cash, 13 1 0 ,, goods, 1 11 5
Lerwick, January 29, 1872, GEORGE REID TAIT, examined.
14,509. You were for a number of years engaged as an agent in Lerwick for whaling vessels?-I was.
14,510. How many ships had you generally?-I have had as high as eighteen in one year.
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14,511. For these, I suppose, you would sometimes employ 100 or 200 men?-Fully that; perhaps about 250 men.
14,512. You have heard the evidence of Mr. Tulloch?-I have.
14,513. Are there any points on which you differ from him?-Yes.
So far as my own experience is concerned, since the issuing of the Board of Trade regulations in 1867 we have invariably settled with our men at the Shipping Office without deducting our own account
14,514. Were these settlements conducted by yourself, or by one of your clerks?-Princ.i.p.ally by one of my clerks; but at times, when he was absent, I generally settled with the men myself.
14,515. Was that clerk Mr. Leisk, who is now your successor in business?-Yes.
14,516. Is the statement correct that these settlements were generally protracted for months, and were only made at intervals as the men came up?-I don"t think it is generally correct. When a vessel arrived at Lerwick, the men were generally settled with at once.
14,517. Even before 1867?-Even before 1867. I don"t think there is any difference with regard to the dates of settlement.
14,518. Then what effect have the regulations had?-I don"t think they have had very much effect, so far as my own experience goes.
14,519. Have they had the effect of reducing the amount of debit against the men in the agents" books?-I don"t think so.
14,520. You have not found it necessary in consequence to restrict your advances to the men?-I have not. I just give them much about the same as formerly
14,521. Have you formed any idea from your experience as to what proportion of a man"s earnings in an average voyage may be exhausted by his supplies in goods?-I have taken a note of it for the last three years. In some cases it has been as high as 20 per cent.; but where the vessels were successful, the proportion of goods was not by any means so great, compared with the amount of oil-money and wages. In that case it would sometimes be reduced to 5 per cent. In the case of the "Arctic," Dundee, last year, 995, 6s. 8d. was paid at the Shipping Office to 29 men, and they afterwards returned and paid me 48, 2s. 5d. for goods That was a very successful year, and the "Arctic" was particularly fortunate. I may explain that out of the twenty-nine men there were only eight taken on the second voyage The vessel made two voyages, and that return is exclusive of the eight men who went with her the second time.
14,522. So that the advances were really made for the sealing voyage only?-Yes, really for the sealing voyage.
14,523. And I suppose it was from the sealing voyage that the greater part of the returns were made?-No. I think the eight men grossed pretty nearly as much from the second voyage.
14,524. But that was an extraordinary case altogether, was it not?-Our vessels were all fortunate last year, on the whole.
14,525. However, you say that in some cases the amount of goods has been as much as 20 per cent. of the whole earnings?-I think so; but these were exceptional cases.
14,526. After the new regulations were issued, did the men universally come down and settle their accounts as soon as they received their cash at the Custom House?-As a rule, they did.
14,527. Are they expected to do so?-A great number of the men who are customers of my own are always very honourable in settling their accounts.
14,528. But is it understood when you are paying them the money that they are to do so?-Yes.
14,529. Is there an understanding expressed at the time when they are getting the advance, that they are to settle as soon as they receive their wages?-We have never expressed it in words, but I should fancy that there is such an understanding.
14,530. Have your accounts since 1867 been kept in the same way as they were before?-In the same way.
14,531. That is to say, they show the receipt by the seaman of the balance due after deducting his account, and don"t show the actual sum received by him at the Custom House?-We generally credit the men with the full amount of wages, oil-money, and seal-money payable to them; then there are the advances prior to the voyage; then there is the sum paid at the Shipping Office;-the full amount is entered against the men; and then the sum returned.
14,532. Do you make a separate entry of that so as to show what has been actually paid?-Yes.
14,533. Have you known any case of a man declining to come down from the Shipping Office to pay his account at the time?- There have been two or three very rare cases.
14,534. What happened when such cases occurred?-The men are still due the amount. That was all that happened.
14,535. Did you make any effort to get them an engagement in the following year?-No; I have never seen them since. I think two of them are south.
14,536. Have you seen any evidence on the part of the men in other cases of an unwillingness to come down?-No. I have never seen any evidence of that at all. We leave the men at the Custom House after we pay them, and they always turn up afterwards and pay us.
14,537. Do you ever accompany them down from the Shipping Office?-We never have to do such a thing. It may be a day or so before they come, but they always pay very honourably.
14,538. Do you generally tell them at the Custom House that they are to come down to the office?-No. I do not recollect ever once telling them that, or giving them the least hint on the subject. I trust to their honour, and they always come forward. I may remark, that masters of vessels coming home from the sealing are very anxious to proceed with all despatch to Dundee or Peterhead, and it is sometimes difficult to make the harbour here. It would be an exceedingly annoying thing to force shipmasters to spend some days perhaps in making Lerwick harbour; so that they are very anxious in pa.s.sing Shetland, to land their crews at any of the islands; but in that case the expenses of the crew are invariably paid to Lerwick, and it may be a fortnight perhaps before we see the men. Generally speaking, however, they are in town in less than eight days.
14,539. Have you known any cases in which your account for goods furnished was entered in the captain"s store-book?-I have known cases of that some years ago-perhaps about three years ago, I should fancy; but am not certain.
14,540. Was that done after the new system was introduced?- There was a special order of the Board of Trade issued afterwards, preventing us from doing so. It was done before that time.