, 2, 15s.] Yes, it was 2, 15s.2110. That was a remarkably large one, I suppose?-Yes it was very fine.
2111. It was knitted by you and your sisters?-Yes.
2112. How long ago was that?-It was in the month of April or May, I think.
2113. How much of that did you get in money?-It was just marked in to our account, and we got the money as we asked for it.
2114. You did not tell me before that was the way in which you dealt?-I thought I did. You asked me if I had a pa.s.s-book, and I said it was just marked into the book.
2115. I rather understood that a settlement was made with you each time you took in your work?-No, we have an account.
2116. And that 2, 15s. was marked into it?-Yes.
2117. You did not take any goods at that time?-I hardly think it; but I really forget.
2118. Did you get any money at that time?-I don"t think it.
2119. Did you ask for money?-No; and it was merely because I did not ask for it that I did not get it.
Lerwick: Thursday, January 4, 1872.
-Mr. Guthrie.
ARTHUR LAURENSON, examined.
2120. You are a partner of the firm of Laurenson & Co., Shetland warehous.e.m.e.n and clothiers in Lerwick?-I am.
2121. That is the oldest house in that business in Shetland, is it not?-I believe it is.
2122. The other partner of the house is your brother-in-law, Mr.
William Bruce Tulloch?-Yes.
2123. You succeeded your father in the business?-Yes. I was in business with him for a good many years before his death.
2124. Besides carrying on that business, you also act as a trustee or factor?-Yes; in bankruptcies. I am also treasurer for the Shetland Widows" Fund under Anderson"s Trust.
2125. And in that capacity you have the management of a considerable income to be devoted to charitable purposes?-Yes; I am a member of the local committee. There are three other gentlemen on the committee. And I am also treasurer, and have been so for a long time. I was appointed by Mr. Anderson in his lifetime, and I have always been so since.
2126. In the Shetland hosiery business you get the goods from the women knitters, who I believe are of two cla.s.ses: those who knit for you, and those who sell to you?-Yes. There are those who bring the article and just exchange it over the counter. The greater part of our business now consists in the exchanging of goods, rather than in the employing of women to knit for us. Some years ago we were more in that way than we are now. Our princ.i.p.al business now just consists in buying their own productions, or rather, I should say, in the exchanging of them.
2127. By using the word exchanging, what is it that you mean to imply?-I mean to make a difference between that and buying for actual cash. If I were using the word, buying, it might convey the idea that we pay cash down. When I say exchanging, I mean that they bring us the article, and we give them other articles in exchange for it.
2128. By that you mean to imply that the transaction is understood as a barter?-Precisely.
2129. What is the character of the stock that you keep?-Drapery articles altogether, and general soft goods. The only grocery goods we keep are tea and soap.
2130. And the exchanges which you make with your customers for their hosiery are of drapery goods, tea, and soap?-Yes.
2131. Are these purchases made chiefly from women who live in Lerwick, or from women who come from the country?-Part of both. We deal princ.i.p.ally with women from the country. The Lerwick women only make fine goods, such as shawls and veils, as a rule, although some of them do make underclothing too.
2132. That practice of barter has, I understand, been of long continuance in Shetland?-Long before my memory. I suppose, as Mr. Walker humorously remarked in his evidence, it has probably prevailed since the days of Adam.
2133. Is any proportion of the payment now made in cash?- Sometimes it is; and that custom, I think, is a growing one. When I first came into the business with my father, it was, I may say, an unheard of thing to give any cash at all,-such a thing was not thought of or expected by the women; but now for a good many years-I should say for ten or twelve years-the custom has begun to give a certain portion of the price in cash, and it seems to be gradually increasing,-that is to say, each year we are paying more in cash than we did in the previous year.
2134. Is that because more cash is asked?-Perhaps it may be, and it may also be from a greater readiness on the part of the dealers to give it. I don"t mean to say, by any means, that it is the rule to make cash payments; but I say that the custom of making occasional cash payments, at any rate, is getting more common.
2135. Are you speaking from your experience your own business, or do you speak generally?-I am speaking of my own experience, but I presume that will be the experience of others in the trade as well.
2136. Formerly people did not use to ask for money at all?-No.
When I went first into the business it was never thought of.
2137. At that time was the trade one of purchase, or was it one of manufacturing for the merchant?-I think it was pure barter.