Barnabas believed in men. One of the greatest enemies that the Church ever had returned one day from a tour of persecution in Damascus. He declared that he had been converted on the way, but n.o.body in Jerusalem believed him. Yes, there was one glorious exception. That exception was Barnabas. He believed in Paul, staked his reputation, his life, his Church, which was dearer to him than his life,--he staked all these upon his faith in Paul"s sincerity. But for that, Paul might have been lost to the Church.
And here is another instance: Paul and Barnabas are on their first missionary tour. With them is a young man named Mark. He has been tenderly nurtured. He finds the missionary life harder than he expected. He proves a coward and goes home. Years after, when the faces of Paul and Barnabas are again set to the battle front, Mark once more offers his service. But Paul will not accept him. He knows that the mission field is no place for parlor soldiers. And so he flatly refuses to allow him to become a part of the army of invasion.
But Barnabas,--somehow he cannot bring himself to give him up. He believes that even if a man failed once he may succeed at a second trial. He believes that a coward may become a hero, that a deserter may yet become a trusted and faithful soldier. And so he stands by John Mark even at the great price of parting company with Paul. And his confidence was gloriously justified, as our confidence so often is.
Who wrote the second Gospel--one of the choicest pieces of literature in the world? It was written by John Mark, the deserter.
Then years later, when bitter days of persecution have come, Paul is in prison. He especially needs men about him now on whose loyal courage and devotion he can count absolutely. For whom does he now ask?
Listen! "Take Mark and bring him with thee, for he is profitable to me for the ministry." Mark has come back. He has been saved to Christ and to the Church. And the one to whom we are mainly indebted for his salvation is none other than the good man Barnabas. And Barnabas won because of his st.u.r.dy, persistent faith.
Now to some this virtue may seem a bit of a weakness, but if weakness, how like it is to the weakness of Christ Himself! For certainly one of the most marvelous characteristics of Jesus is His faith in men. How Jesus could expect that the poor slattern who was dragged into His presence taken in adultery could be utterly different from that hour, I do not know. I certainly would not have expected it of her, but He did. And I hear Him saying to her, "Go and sin no more." How Jesus could expect that twelve faulty, unlearned, self-seeking men, such as His disciples were, would ever be the means of remaking the world, I cannot for a moment see. They failed Him in His hour of supremest need. They slept in the garden and ran like frightened sheep when He was arrested. And yet, knowing their cowardice and their weakness, He tumbles the responsibility of world conquest upon their frail shoulders with the declaration that "the gates of h.e.l.l should not prevail against them." Certainly the wildest faith that was ever exercised is the faith that G.o.d exercises in men. And the faith of this man Barnabas was a quality born of a goodness that was close akin to the goodness of G.o.d.
That is the way, I think, that this man got his name. You know they did not always call him Barnabas. The folks over in Cypress knew him as Joses. They named him Barnabas because that was the word that best described him. It was a verbal picture of the man. What does it mean?
A son of consolation. Isn"t that fine? James and John were called the sons of thunder. That speaks of power, might, dash, the lightning"s flash, the thunder"s crash. There is storm wrapped up in their personalities. But Barnabas is the peaceful sunset after the storm.
He is the light at eventide. He is a son of consolation.
Now, if there is anything finer than that I do not know just what that something might be. To be incarnated encouragement, embodied comfort, flesh and blood consolation,--it would be hard to find a better vocation than that. This man had the tongue of the learned that he might be able to speak a word in season to him that was weary. He delivered men from the bondage of their self-despisings, from the burden of their self-contempt. He brought hope where there had been despair and turned the westward gaze toward the east. He pointed out the streaks of dawn that were lighting the sky. He made men hear the bird"s song within the voiceless egg and to catch the perfume of flowers under the snow. He was a son of consolation. "Be pitiful,"
says Dr. Watson, "for every man is having a hard time." There are some folks who depress us. There are some wet blanket personalities who stifle us. And there are others like Barnabas who refresh us, and when they come and knock at our doors we pa.s.s out of the stuffy atmosphere of a mental prison into a flower garden where the air is fresh and sweet with perfume and musical with the morning song of birds.
Third, this man was thoroughly missionary. He had taken a course in G.o.d"s doctrine of evangelism. He believed that the Gospel was for all mankind. Some Christians of that day were trying to keep it a Jewish sect. When they heard that folks were actually being converted down in Antioch there seems to have been not the least bit of joy in the fact.
But under the leadership of the Spirit they sent Barnabas to investigate. He came and saw the same light in their faces down in Antioch that was in the faces of those who were Spirit-baptized up in Jerusalem. And the story says that when he saw the work of the Lord he was glad. And not only was he glad, but he threw himself at once into the work of evangelizing that foreign city.
Then he did another big thing. Seeing the great opportunity that was there, he went and sought Paul out over at Tarsus and brought him over as his helper. And it was there as they labored together and ministered to the Lord and fasted that the Holy Ghost said, "Separate me Barnabas and Saul, for the work whereunto I have called them." And they went forth as the world"s first foreign missionaries. An army has gone forth since that day,--the choicest spirits that this world has ever seen. And those who have gone have consecrated the soil of every continent by their prayers, their tears and their sacrifices. Their ashes rest to-day upon every sh.o.r.e and the songs of the redeemed are sung to-day under every sky because they have labored. Who was the vanguard of that great army whose going forth was as the going forth of the morning? The vanguard was made up of two men. One of them was Paul, the other Barnabas, a man not marvelously clever, not greatly gifted. His supreme merit was just this, that in a real and genuine sense he was a good man, full of faith.
And last of all, Barnabas was a spiritual man. The inspired writer says that he was full of the Holy Ghost. And that implied, of course, that Barnabas was a man fully given up to G.o.d, There can be no deep spirituality apart from that. Our surrender is the condition of our being full of the Spirit. "For we are His witnesses of these things, as is also the Holy Ghost, whom G.o.d hath given to them that obey Him."
So you can readily see why Barnabas has a right to the fine compliment that is paid him here by the writer of the Acts. Barnabas was generous with his possessions. He had the Christian att.i.tude toward money.
Barnabas was generous in his judgments. He had a brother"s att.i.tude toward his fellows. He was thoroughly missionary. He made Christ"s program for world conquest his own. He was profoundly and genuinely spiritual. And because of these fine qualities one who knew him well said of him, "He was a good man."
Now, there are compliments more flashy than being called good. There are encomiums that are much fuller of glitter, but in spite of that, I am convinced that nothing greater or better could possibly be said about any one of us living to-day or any one that ever has lived than just this that is written about Barnabas: "He was a good man." I had rather my boy would be able to say that about me when he stands by my grave, sunken and gra.s.s-grown, than to say anything else in all the world.
Brother, let us covet goodness. Let us seek that rare treasure. For there is nothing better or finer or more beautiful or more useful.
"Goodness." It is the fairest flower that can ever bloom in your soul garden. It is the sweetest music that even G.o.d"s skilled fingers will ever be able to win from your thousand stringed heart harp. It is the virtue in those we love that grips us tightest and holds us longest.
And wonderful to say, it is within reach of every one of us.
There are certain fine things that you and I can never possess. We know that. Genius, greatness,--they are high and forbidding mountain peaks. Their sides are rugged and precipitous. They have pulled iron hoods of snow and ice upon their brows. But goodness,--that is a peak that may be scaled by the tender feet of little children and by the tottering feet of old age. It may be scaled by the reluctant feet of those in life"s prosaic middle pa.s.sage. Let us address ourselves then to this high task. Let us matriculate this morning in G.o.d"s school for this degree, the degree of "goodness." And one day it may be written of us as it was written of Barnabas, "He was a good man."
VIII
THE INQUEST--PHARAOH
_Exodus 14:30 and 9:16_
In Exodus 14:19 we read these words: "And Israel saw the Egyptians dead upon the seash.o.r.e." It is rather a ghastly and grewsome sight. There they lie, the soldiers of the once proud army of Egypt. They are in all sorts of positions, these dead men. Some have their heads pillowed peacefully upon their arms as if in sleep. Others have their hard faces half buried in the sand. Others still lie p.r.o.ne upon their backs with bits of seaweed in their hair and their sightless eyes staring in terror at nothing.
They are very much alike, these corpses. But here is one that is different. Look at the rich costume in which it is dressed. Look at its bejewelled fingers. There is no crown upon its brow. There is no sceptre in that nerveless hand. Yet it is easy to guess that this corpse, this "pocket that death has turned inside out and emptied" was once a king. Yes, this is the body of Pharaoh, the one time ruler of Egypt. But here he lies to-day among the meanest of his soldiers. He is sprawled in unkingly fashion upon his face as if the sea had spit him out in sheer nausea and disgust.
And now comes the big question that we want to consider. How came this famous Egyptian here? He was once a king, you remember. He was ruler over the proudest nation in the world. And here we find him dead. He died away from home. He died a violent death. Let us hold an inquest over him for a moment and see how he came to die. He did not leave Egypt and march into the Red Sea for that purpose. He never intended that life should end thus. Nor is he here because his enemy Israel has proven stronger than himself. What is the cause? And the question is answered by the voice of G.o.d. We read it in Exodus 9:16, "For this cause have I raised thee up that I might show forth my power in thee."
Will you notice what this strange text says. Without the least equivocation it says that G.o.d raised this man Pharaoh up that He might show forth His power in him. And that purpose He accomplished. This ghastly piece of royal rottenness has not been thrown upon this sh.o.r.e by the hand of man. As we look at him we see in him a monument of the power of G.o.d. And strange to say, he is not a monument of G.o.d"s power to save and to keep and to utilize, but of G.o.d"s power to thwart and to disappoint and to wreck and to utterly destroy. And in his destruction G.o.d tells us that He has achieved His purpose.
You will agree with me that this is an amazing statement. The teaching seems to be that G.o.d has raised this man up that He might glorify Himself by making a complete and utter wreck of him. I wonder if that can be true. We agree, I suppose, all of us who believe the Bible, that G.o.d has a plan for every life. All nature tells of a planning G.o.d. All revelation teaches it also. We have the message direct from the lips of the Lord, "As my Father hath sent me, even so send I you."
But in admitting that G.o.d plans every life, can we believe that He plans for some to go wrong and for others to go right? Can we believe that He plans for one to become a Judas and the other a St. John? Is it the purpose of G.o.d that one shall develop into a Moses and the other right at his side shall grow up into a miserable and distorted wreck that we call Pharaoh? In other words, is Judas as much a part of the plan of G.o.d as John? If so we are of all men most miserable because we have a wicked G.o.d.
But we know that such is not the case. G.o.d never planned that any man should go wrong. He is not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance. He is the eternal lover. He loved Moses, but He loved Pharaoh no less. And Judas was as dear to G.o.d"s heart as John. And whatever failure they made of their lives, and whatever failure you and I make of our lives, we do not make because G.o.d forces us to do so. In whatever way we go wrong, we do not do so because G.o.d planned that we should. We do it because of our own willfulness and wicked rebellion against G.o.d.
In other words, though G.o.d plans your life and mine, He cannot in the very nature of things, force us to enter into His plan. You who are fathers and mothers realize that. Many parents have made beautiful plans for their children only to have those plans despised. Our children are not ourselves. They have independent wills. They have the capacity for entering into our purposes for them and thus bringing us joy unspeakable. They have also the capacity for despising those purposes and breaking our hearts.
How, then, do we explain this strange text, "For this cause have I raised thee up that I might show forth my power in thee"? Because it is a fact that this death in the Red Sea was not an accidental death.
It is a fact that this corpse here upon the beach is not here by mere chance. This king was flung here by the power of a disappointed and grieved and rejected G.o.d. He lies here dead upon the sh.o.r.e according to the deliberate plan and purpose of G.o.d. But while this is true, we need to keep this big fact in mind: Though Pharaoh lies here according to the purpose of G.o.d, this was not G.o.d"s first and highest purpose for him. But Pharaoh resisted and rejected every n.o.ble and worthy purpose that G.o.d had in his life. By his own rebellion he made it impossible for G.o.d to realize any purpose in him at all save the last and the worst.
Do you remember that story in Jeremiah? One day the word of the Lord came unto the prophet Jeremiah saying, "Arise and go down to the Potter"s house and there I will cause thee to hear my word." And Jeremiah went down and heard the message. Arrived within the Potter"s house, three objects at once drew his attention. There was a man working, the Potter. There was the instrument with which he worked, the wheel. And there was the substance upon which he worked, the clay.
In the Potter"s hand the clay was misshapen and unsightly. The cup was not yet finished in the Potter"s hand. But there was a place where it was finished, and that was in the mind of the Potter. The Potter could already see the finished product. He was trying to make the cup according to the ideal that he had in his mind.
But we read that the cup was marred in the making. That is, there was something in the clay that resisted the Potter. Now, what did he do with the marred cup? We would have expected him to throw it away, but he did not. He made it again. What a gospel that is for failing and sinning men like ourselves. How glorious that, when we resist G.o.d"s purpose and all but wreck ourselves, He will make us again. Truly we would be a hopeless race but for the fact that we have a mighty G.o.d who is able to remake us even when we have rebelled against Him and have thwarted His blessed plans for us.
He made it again. Yes, but notice this. He made it again "another vessel." He changed his plan for this latter vessel. He realized that he could not make it according to the fine ideal that was in his mind for the first vessel. That one refused to realize the best, therefore he made it into another vessel. He sought to make it realize the second best.
There is a truth here of tremendous importance that we are p.r.o.ne to forget, and that truth is this, that having rejected and resisted G.o.d for days and months and years, G.o.d cannot make of us what He could have made if we had entered into His plans from the beginning. If you reject G.o.d"s best for you, then He tries to get you to realize His second best. If you reject this, then He seeks to bring you to the next best. But remember this, G.o.d cannot, in the very nature of things, make as much out of a fraction of a life as He can out of the whole of a life.
Now, suppose, the clay upon which the Potter was working had been marred again. Again he would have undertaken to have made it into another vessel. But all the while that clay would have been becoming less and less plastic. All the while it would have been becoming more and more difficult for the Potter to shape it according to his purpose.
Thus the time would inevitably come when it would no longer be capable of being shaped by his hand at all. Then what would be the result?
Step outside the Potter"s house and you are in the Potter"s field.
About you lie broken crockery and shattered earthenware. Why is it there? Not because the Potter made vessels for the stupid purpose of breaking them to pieces. They are there because there was something in the clay that so resisted the hand of the Potter that he was able to make nothing of them but these shattered and misshapen and broken wrecks.
Now this is the story of Pharaoh, king of Egypt. G.o.d had a n.o.ble purpose in this man"s life to begin with. He gave him every opportunity. He brought to bear all that infinite love and mercy could bring to bear to get Pharaoh to be a good man. The reason Pharaoh ended as he did end was not because G.o.d did not love him and did not do His infinite best to save Him. It was because Pharaoh resisted and resisted, rebelled and rebelled till at last he threw himself a corpse upon this distant seash.o.r.e. And the message we hear from his clammy lips this night is this, "Look at me and see what a terrible thing it is to rebel against G.o.d. Behold me and see the tragic failure of the man that persistently throws himself in wicked madness against the bosses of the buckler of the Lord Almighty."
Look now how hard G.o.d tried to make something of Pharaoh. In the first place, He gave to him a great and faithful minister. Pharaoh had the privilege of knowing Moses. He had an opportunity of hearing about the greatest individual that the world has ever seen. He threw himself away, did Pharaoh. He chose G.o.d"s worst instead of G.o.d"s best, but he did not do it because he did not know better. Neither are you wasting your life because you do not know better. If you have not had a teacher great as Moses, you have yet been faithfully warned, and in your sin you are without excuse.
G.o.d gave Pharaoh a chance to cooperate with Him, to help Him in saving Israel and making her into a great nation. Moses" first word to Pharaoh was this, "The G.o.d of Israel saith, Let my people go." Now, Pharaoh"s answer to this demand was haughty enough. He answers, "Who is the G.o.d of Israel? I do not know him." And he didn"t, though he might have known Him. But G.o.d did not throw him away after this one chance. On the contrary, He gave him ample opportunity to know Him.
With this end in view G.o.d brought His infinite energies into play.
Wonder after wonder He worked in the presence of Pharaoh by the hand of Moses. At first these wonders were imitated by the magicians. These fakes, by their cunning, made it easy, at least for a while, for Pharaoh to resist G.o.d. They helped the King to close his royal eyes to the truth. They helped him to start with decision on his course of rebellion.
But the magicians were soon outdone. Moses began to perform wonders that they could not imitate. And they themselves were forced to believe in the presence and might and reality of G.o.d. And they who had helped their king to go wrong, turned to him with this acknowledgment on their lips, "It is the finger of G.o.d." But it is easier to lead a man astray than it is to lead him back. It is easier for you, by your G.o.dless and worldly life, to lead your children to despise Christ and the Church than it is to lead them back after they have gone astray.
Pharaoh listened to the magicians when they counseled him to do wrong, but he turned a deaf ear to them when they counseled him to do right.
Then followed that series of plagues upon Egypt that were always preceded and always followed by this demand of G.o.d spoken through the lips of Moses, "Let my people go that they may serve me." You see what G.o.d was demanding of Pharaoh. It is the same that He demands of you and me, obedience--that is all. He is commanding us to surrender ourselves to Him, to enter into His purpose. And the one thing that G.o.d wanted was the one thing that Pharaoh did not want. But he was becoming afraid and so he proposed to compromise.
In his fright he tells Moses that he will obey. He will let the people go. That is, he said, "I will let part of them go. I will let the men go. Leave the children here." Pharaoh knew that just so long as he kept the children in Egypt, just so long would Israel remain in bondage. And the devil knows to-day just so long as our homes remain unchristianized, just so long will the world remain unchristianized.
We will never bring in the Kingdom by simply seeking to save an adult generation. We must give G.o.d a chance at the children or the cause of righteousness is going to be defeated. But if we will save the child, we will surely save the world.
Then Pharaoh offered a second compromise. He said, "I will let you and the children go, but you must leave your cattle and your sheep. You must leave all your flocks and your herds." That is, you may go into Canaan if you must, but leave your business in Egypt. And the devil to-day is perfectly willing that you and I be just as pious and prayerful as we want to be on Sunday, provided we forget all about such things on Monday. He is willing for you to be devoutly religious if you will only confine your religion to the church. But a religion that does not permeate and purify and uplift and sanctify business and business relations is not the religion of Jesus Christ.