"It occurred to me to-day that I wanted some time or other to tell you a _Maaseh_, which is half funny, half sad."
And he only recounted anecdotes. Not one word about the events in his life--only the story of the great dearth and famine. Simon Eichelkatz was right; it is a tragi-comic history.
"It was a year of famine after the war of "59; sickness everywhere; bad harvests, bad business; the potatoes rotting in the ground on account of heavy rains and floods. Herr Kreisphysikus, to understand the misery of the people thoroughly, you must live through such a year here.
"All over the mining district typhus, for which the stupid workmen and peasants thought there was only one remedy, the whisky flask. The women and children died miserably on their foul, ill-smelling straw heaps, the men in the ditches. Herr Kreisphysikus, happily it is different now; conditions have improved, it cannot be denied, since forty years ago.
Any one might be satisfied to have the difference expressed in money added to his fortune. On that account it"s silly always to talk of the good old times. The world"s gotten much better, much better. That"s what this old man tells you. The winter was terrible that year. To be sure, the typhus grew less severe when the cold set in; but the poor people suffered from the cold instead. Every day you found bodies frozen to death in the ditches by the roadside. Of course they were usually drunkards; nevertheless they were human beings, and such occurrences aroused horror among us. The members of families gathered closer together, they doubly realized the comfort of a heated room and the blessing of a well-ordered existence. Every sign of well-being was regarded with heightened interest; and one day the greatest excitement was caused by the appearance of a new winter coat on the back of the wife of the vice-president. She wore it to Shul for the first time on _Sukkoth_. Frau Wilhelm Weinberger was the wife of a well-to-do man who had brought her the garment from the Leipsic Fair. I can see it now, as though it were yesterday it happened. And you may be sure the other men had it impressed on their memory, too; for you can imagine, Herr Kreisphysikus, it aroused as much envy as excitement; and after Shul most families were probably discussing the coat of Frau Wilhelm Weinberger. It was dark blue, of the finest buckskin, lined with white and light blue striped cloth, and bordered at the bottom with a band of black lambskin. The collar and cuffs were also of lambskin. I tell _you_, Herr Kreisphysikus, it was a marvel."
He chuckled as he always did when something tickled his sense of humor.
I did not know whether it was the winter coat of Frau Wilhelm Weinberger which amused him so greatly after the lapse of forty years, or other recollections suggested by it. He paused for a long while before continuing his narrative.
"Besides Teacher Sandberg there were two other teachers in the congregational school at that time, Teacher Deutsch and Teacher Herrnstadt, and two a.s.sistants for the lowest cla.s.ses. All were married and blessed with children; unfortunately, they were not blessed with a corresponding income. The Khille was not in a position to give them sufficient salaries; as it was, its budget for the officers that conducted the services was considerable. So the teachers were extremely hard put to it to support their families in a bekovet way; and in bad times, when it is particularly difficult to get extra jobs, like giving private instruction, they had no smooth road to travel, nebbich.
Sandberg had it a little easier, because on his free afternoons he was employed as secretary to the congregation and he kept the minutes of the meetings. But Deutsch had a hard time of it. He had two daughters, and a son who worked in a dry goods store in Breslau. His wife and daughters were very industrious. They did embroidery for the shops, and tried in every possible way to add to the small income of their father. The son also contributed to the support of the family, so that to all outward appearances they seemed to be more than the children of the other teachers. Besides, they always a.s.sociated with the wealthier families in the congregation. But exactly this was their misfortune. People with daughters were annoyed that the daughters of Teacher Deutsch were always so well-dressed--not like children of a poor teacher, but like those of rich Baale-Batim. The teachers in meeting had decided to ask for a raise of their salaries because of the increased cost of living on account of the famine. They couldn"t go on in the old way. The price of bread, potatoes, coffee, and sugar was exorbitant. As it was, they ate meat only once a week, on Shabbes; and it was impossible to obtain the fuel needed during that severe winter. In a very emphatic and touching pet.i.tion drawn up by Teacher Herrnstadt, the matter was brought to the attention of the president and the board, who were requested to grant an increase to the teachers for the coming year."
At this point Feiwel Silbermann entered with a large cup of coffee and a freshly filled pipe. Simon sipped the hot drink with evident enjoyment, puffed at his pipe several times, and said:
"Yes, at that time things didn"t go very well with us, Herr Kreisphysikus. Feiwel, do you still remember the year 1859?"
"Why shouldn"t I remember it, Herr Eichelkatz? Am I going to forget how we starved and froze? It wasn"t anything, wasn"t it? That was a year!
The snow lay for four weeks. You wouldn"t think there could be such cold, and Teacher Deutsch"s daughters got new winter coats."
With this he shambled out of the room and Simon said:
"Yes, the cold was frightful. But in spite of it we were greatly astonished to see Caroline and Lenchen Deutsch, the teacher"s daughters, cross the Ring on Christmas day in new winter coats. Of course, we ought to have been glad that the girls had warm clothing in such freezing weather. But human nature is not so indulgent, and the Khille rather bore them a grudge. Everyone ran to the window to make sure of the wonderful fact. "Look at them," they called to one another, "Caroline and Lenchen Deutsch have new coats on. In such bad times! Really, you wouldn"t believe it. Chutzpeh!" But the worst of it was that the coats in cut and color, in goods and tr.i.m.m.i.n.g, were exactly like Frau Wilhelm Weinberger"s--blue buckskin and black lambskin--the latest style. The excitement caused by Frau Wilhelm Weinberger"s garment wasn"t a circ.u.mstance to what Caroline and Lenchen Deutsch"s called forth. And the consequences, Herr Kreisphysikus, the consequences!" Again he laughed softly. "I don"t believe blue buckskin and black lambskin have ever produced such consequences. On the day after Christmas there was a meeting of the committee. The first matter for consideration was the pet.i.tion of the teachers for a raise in salary. The committee almost unanimously agreed that there was reason in the request. It wasn"t fitting that men intrusted with the education of the young should suffer want. In order to have a proper influence upon children teachers should have a free mind and a light heart. Thus spoke Dr. Ehrlich, with great eloquence; and he moved that the pet.i.tioners be granted a raise of thirty dollars for the year of famine. Hereupon our honorable friend, Herr Doktor Krakauer, saving your reverence, arose and said he had an addition to make to the proposition: "to exclude Teacher Deutsch from the benefit of the raise, because for two days his daughters have been flaunting about in winter coats of blue buckskin with black lambskin, coats exactly like the one which Frau Wilhelm Weinberger wears. If anyone can afford that, he needs no raise.""
A dumbfounded expression probably came on my face, because Simon looked at me, and with that furtive smile of his he said:
"Every word of what I tell you is true, Herr Kreisphysikus. Herr Mana.s.se, _Zichrono livrochoh_, tried to oppose him in vain. He a.s.sured the committee that he himself had brought the cloaks with him from Breslau, where the son of Teacher Deutsch, a clerk at Immerwahr"s, had given them to him, because he wanted to save the expense of expressing them. They had been lying there ever since the beginning of November, and Teacher Deutsch"s son had bought them way below the regular selling-price from a travelling salesman, who had brought them to Breslau as samples months before; one of them in fact was quite damaged.
But all that didn"t help matters any. Blue buckskin with lambskin remained a crime. It was no use to urge that a good son and brother had pinched himself to give his parents and sisters a pleasure, and that he was able to do it only because the cloaks were cheap and underpriced.
Other objections made by two members beside Mana.s.se were also refuted.
They say Mana.s.se almost cried when, at the end, he called out: "But for heaven"s sake, they can"t eat blue buckskin and black lambskin to satisfy their hunger!" Even that was of no use. Our amiable Dr.
Krakauer, saving your reverence, carried his motion, and Teacher Deutsch"s pet.i.tion was refused."
Simon looked into s.p.a.ce, then said: "Do you know the real meaning of the word "_nebbich_" Herr Kreisphysikus?"
"Yes, I do, _nebbich_."
OCTOBER 29.
Autumn this year is very disagreeable. It rains a great deal, and the damp, foggy atmosphere has a bad effect on health, both in the city and the country. I have had a great deal to do. Simon Eichelkatz was also indisposed for several days. At his age every disturbance of the physical state is serious. But Feiwel Silbermann is so touchingly attentive that the care he bestows upon the old man quickly carries him through his trouble. My medical instructions are obeyed by Feiwel so punctually and accurately that I can be sure of their effect. We stuck our patient into bed for a few days, but to-day he is sitting up, and this afternoon I allowed him to smoke his pipe. That raised his spirits immediately, and he became more talkative. A light veil of sentimentality still lay on his soul, often the case with convalescents, and he at last returned to the narrative of personal experiences. He remembered a sickness he had had in 1867, late in the summer--a sort of dysentery or _cholera nostras_, then epidemic. "The real illness lasted only a few days, but afterwards," he said, "I was so weak, I couldn"t stir a finger. I remember it as though it happened to-day, how I sat before the shop in the sun, to draw some warmth again into my bones.
They fairly rattled. I didn"t have a Feiwel Silbermann to look after me then."
"And your wife?" I asked.
"My wife wasn"t at home. She was in Warmbrunn with our son, who was to recuperate there. He had just pa.s.sed his final examinations at the Gymnasium. He pa.s.sed them splendidly, Herr Kreisphysikus. They even excused him from a part of his oral examinations. The whole city spoke of it; and when Herr Professor Lebeck came in the afternoon to buy cloth for a pair of trousers, he said to me: "You may be proud of your son, Herr Eichelkatz; he does credit to you and to our Gymnasium. It"s been a long time since we"ve had so gifted and industrious a pupil." Lebeck"s red nose glistened as though he had come directly from Heimann to me. Of course, I sold him the goods very cheap; and as he went out he repeated: "Yes, your son, he"ll be something extra some day.""
Simon Eichelkatz looked down thoughtfully, then he blew a thick cloud of tobacco smoke into the air and added:
"Fortunately, it pa.s.sed quickly; only the after-part, until I got back my full strength--but still it wasn"t necessary to disturb my wife in her holiday, and my son. At first Herr Doktor Merzbach wanted to write to her; but when I explained to him why I didn"t want him to, he gave up the idea. Why? Herr Kreisphysikus! Madame Eichelkatz would probably have come back, if news of my illness had been sent to her; but she wouldn"t have brought love into my house, and no good will, and no devotion, just what a weak, sick man needs. On that account I preferred not to have her here, but to let her amuse herself there with her company. It had just then come into style to go away in the summer; and this was the first time Madame Eichelkatz, _nee_ Bohm, had followed the fashion. And there she met her good friends. I told this to the Herr Rabbiner, and he thought the matter over and asked: "Can nothing be done, Eichelkatz, to bring peace into your married life? Now that your son is grown up and ready to go to the university?" I felt as though the Herr Rabbiner were reproaching me. And then for the first and last time I opened out my heart freely. Perhaps because I was so weak and alone. I told him what vexations and humiliations I had endured for twenty years. And always carrying the trouble in secret, so as not to give offense and for the sake of the child. He was not to see how matters stood with us, and besides he was greatly attached to her and loved her tenderly, for she had taken him entirely to herself. I ask you who was Simon Eichelkatz of Tarnow? At most a decent, industrious fellow, who, however, didn"t trust himself to say what he thought. It was the custom, you know, in Jewish homes for the women to concern themselves with the house and with the bringing up of the children, and for the men to earn a living. But there was perfect understanding between husband and wife, real harmony; and the mother taught the children that the father, who looked out for them and worked for them, was the centre of the household. This was utterly lacking with Madame and myself. I always remained a stranger to both mother and child. She chose his companions from among the Christians with whom she a.s.sociated, and she estranged him from Jewish ways exactly as she had estranged him from his father.
She kept up the necessary appearances before the outside world; but within our home it looked very bad. The boy was not put on a sure, sound basis for the future. I know it now, Herr Kreisphysikus. Earlier in life I could not see things so clearly. But when Dr. Merzbach came to me that time, I realized all; and I told him everything, even that it was too late to change matters, since my son was almost nineteen years old and would leave home. Dr. Merzbach recognized the truth of what I said, because he didn"t say anything in reply. Then I went on and said: "Believe me, Herr Rabbiner, if two human beings are yoked together and do not go in exactly the same way, hand in hand, but one pulls to the left, the other to the right, they cannot reach a common goal. For that matter they have no common goal." The Herr Rabbiner shook his head and asked: "How about your son"s future?"
""Each of us will probably wish for a different future," I answered. And that"s the way it was, Herr Kreisphysikus. What _she_ wished came to pa.s.s. Her son became a very renowned man. She didn"t live to see his greatness, and I who did, I hadn"t longed for it."
He paused, as though revolving his words in his mind and added:
"You mustn"t misunderstand me, Herr Kreisphysikus. But what has our personal happiness to do with external success? What can one ever receive from others that does not exist in oneself? Hasn"t every happiness a different form? Hasn"t every happiness a different name?
Honor is happiness to one man, wealth to another, beauty to a third, fame to a fourth. Hasn"t happiness a thousand names and forms? And have you ever seen two beings who call the same thing happiness? There may be a few things that are looked on as happiness--contentment, health, fulfilment of duty, wealth--but, my dear Herr Kreisphysikus, that only sounds nice--it may be a part, but it is not the whole. That which all men wish to possess is not the happiness that each individual imagines for himself; because it depends upon the nature of each individual; and there are as many happinesses as there have been men since the creation of the world. Or, if you wish it, Herr Kreisphysikus, there is no such thing as happiness at all. Because, if you can"t see a thing and say, it is thus and so, does it exist? I can say, this is an apple, this is a potato, this is my pipe; but I can"t say, this is happiness. How does it look? Round or long, wide or narrow? I must laugh when I think that Madame Eichelkatz, _nee_ Bohm, and Simon Eichelkatz should have said, that is our happiness, that"s the way it looks, that"s the way it should look."
He waved his hand.
"I know all; I know what you want to say, Herr Kreisphysikus, and what Herr Dr. Merzbach also said that time. Our son! Do you know the sort of picture Madame Eichelkatz drew for herself of her son? Great and renowned in the large outside world, so renowned that Herr Oberstleutnant Von Boddin and Frau Steuereinnehmer Antonie Metzner, her bosom friend, would open their eyes in astonishment. That"s the way _her_ happiness would have looked. She was ambitious and proud and knew French. And do you know how my son looked in my dreams? A good, fine man, an honest Jew, who would conduct my business. I was simple and industrious, and I knew all about cloth. So you may believe me, Herr Kreisphysikus, a Madame who speaks French, and a Jew who can tell at a glance without touching it whether a piece of cloth comes from Cottbus or England, two people like that have very different ideas of happiness!"
I followed his words with increasing astonishment. How do such ideas regarding individuality and such clearly-defined notions of eudaemonism arise in the brain of this old man living remote from the world? Whence this wisdom? While these questions agitated my mind, he continued:
"On that afternoon when I sat in the sun in front of my shop, I began to ponder about these things; and since then I have accustomed myself to reflect about this and that by myself; because I hadn"t a single friend with whom I could talk myself out. But, do you know, Herr Doktor, I think it is better to be alone if one wants to think. And Dr. Merzbach pa.s.sed by and saw me sitting there alone; and, while he was talking to me, Rittmeister Von Blucher and Major Von Schmidt cut diagonally across the Ring to come up to us. Both stepped up and greeted the rabbi, who enjoyed great consideration among the Christians.
""How do you do, Herr Doktor," the Rittmeister called out and laughed: "Do you know the news? To-morrow I shall have the Jew Haberstroh shot; he was delivered up to us from Oswiecin as a spy. He"s said to have served in the Austrian army near Neuberun."
"Dr. Merzbach answered quietly:
""Since you laugh over it, I"m not worried, Herr Rittmeister. I understand your joke. You would not laugh if a human life were actually at stake. At all events, it"s really a sad story that just this good, decent old man should be falsely suspected and delivered up."
""Well, what shall we do with the fellow, Herr Doktor? According to military law, he ought to have been dead long ago. Ask the major if I"m not right."
""I don"t doubt the truth of your words, Herr Rittmeister; but I also know that both you gentlemen would not have a poor innocent man put to death on an unproved accusation. I pledge myself for Haberstroh"s innocence."
""Tut, tut tut, Herr Doktor, will you be answerable for the consequences?"
"With these words they left the rabbi, laughing, and Haberstroh was not shot to death. After a few days it turned out that he had been arrested on the spiteful charge of a business rival. Dr. Merzbach had gathered the proofs and handed them over to the Rittmeister. He himself had gone to Oswiecin for this purpose. That"s the way he always threw himself into affairs, and helped with all his energy."
I was just about to put a question to Simon Eichelkatz about the spy, when he suddenly said:
"Do you believe, Herr Kreisphysikus, that to be good and n.o.ble and help your fellow-beings is happiness?"
"Have you ever read anything by Goethe or heard of him?" I returned, evading the question.
"No, Herr Doktor, I never read anything by him, but I"ve heard of him."
"Goethe says: "Let man be n.o.ble, helpful, and good." Do you suppose by these words he wanted to show men the road to happiness, Herr Eichelkatz?"
"Who can tell?"
NOVEMBER 11.
A clear winter has at last come after the foggy days of autumn. It has been snowing for several days, and in the morning Jack Frost draws crystal flowers on the window panes.