"Monolatrists. They did not deny the existence of other G.o.ds. But they were only supposed to worship Yahweh. Asherah was venerated as the consort of Yahweh."
"I don"t remember anything about G.o.d having a wife in the Bible."
"The Bible didn"t exist at that point. Judaism was just a loose collection of Yahwistic cults, each with different shrines and practices. The stories about the Exodus hadn"t been formalized into scripture yet. And the later parts of the Bible had not yet happened."
"Who decided to purge Asherah from Judaism?"
"The deuteronomic school-defined, by convention, as the people who wrote the book of Deuteronomy as well as Joshua, Judges, Samuel, and Kings."
"And what kind of people were they?"
"Nationalists. Monarchists. Centralists. The forerunners of the Pharisees. At this time, the a.s.syrian king Sargon II had recently conquered Samana-northern Israel-forcing a migration of Hebrews southward into Jerusalem. Jerusalem expanded greatly and the Hebrews began to conquer territory to the west, east, and south. It was a time of intense nationalism and patriotic fervor. The deuteronomic school embodied those att.i.tudes in scripture by rewriting and reorganizing the old tales."
"Rewriting them how?"
"Moses and others believed that the River Jordan was the border of Israel, but the deuteronomists believed that Israel included Trans-Jordan, which justified aggression to the east. There are many other examples: the predeuteronomic law said nothing about a monarch. The Law as laid down by the deuteronomic school reflected a monarchist system. The predeuteronomic law was largely concerned with sacred matters, while the deuteronomic law"s main concern is the education of the king and his people-secular matters in other words. The deuteronomists insisted on centralizing the religion in the Temple in Jerusalem, destroying the outlying cult centers. And there is another feature that Lagos found significant"
"And that is?"
"Deuteronomy is the only book of the Pentateuch that refers to a written Torah as comprising the divine will: "And when he sits on the throne of his kingdom, he shall write for himself in a book a copy of this law, from that which is in charge of the Levitical priests; and it shall be with him, and he shall read in it all the days of his life, that he may learn to fear the LORD his G.o.d, by keeping all the words of this law and these statutes, and doing them; that his heart may not be lifted up above his brethren, and that he may not turn aside from the commandment, either to the right hand or to the left; so that he may continue long in his kingdom, he and his children, in Israel." Deuteronomy 17:18- 20."
"So the deuteronomists codified the religion. Made it into an organized, self-propagating ent.i.ty," Hiro says. "I don"t want to say virus. But according to what you just quoted me, the Torah is like a virus. It uses the human brain as a host. The host-the human-makes copies of it. And more humans come to synagogue and read it."
"I cannot process an a.n.a.logy. But what you say is correct insofar as this: After the deuteronomists had reformed Judaism, instead of making sacrifices, the Jews went to synagogue and read the Book. If not for the deuteronomists, the world"s monotheists would still be sacrificing animals and propagating their beliefs through the oral tradition."
"Sharing needles," Hiro says. "When you were going over this stuff with Lagos, did he ever say anything about the Bible being a virus?"
"He said it had certain things in common with a virus, but that it was different. He considered it a benign virus. Like that used for vaccinations. He considered the Asherah virus to be more malignant, capable of being spread through exchange of bodily fluids."
"So the strict, book-based religion of the deuteronomists inoculated the Hebrews against the Asherah virus."
"In combination with strict monogamy and other kosher practices, yes," the Librarian says. "The previous religions, from Sumer up to Deuteronomy, are known as prerational. Judaism was the first of the rational religions. As such, in Lagos"s view, it was much less susceptible to viral infection because it was based on fixed, written records. This was the reason for the veneration of the Torah and the exacting care used when making new copies of it-informational hygiene."
"What are we living in nowadays? The postrational era?"
"Juanita made comments to that effect."
"I"ll bet she did. She"s starting to make more sense to me, Juanita is."
"Oh."
"She never really made much sense before."
"I see."
"I think that if I can just spend enough time with you to figure out what"s on Juanita"s mind-well, wonderful things could happen."
"I will try to be of a.s.sistance."
"Back to work-this is no time for a hard-on. It seems that Asherah was a carrier of a viral infection. The deuteronomists somehow realized this and exterminated her by blocking all the vectors by which she infected new victims."
"With reference to viral infections," the Librarian says, "if I may make a fairly blunt spontaneous cross-reference-something I am coded to do at opportune moments-you may wish to examine herpes simplex, a virus that takes up residence in the nervous system and never leaves. It is capable of carrying new genes into existing neurons and genetically reengineering them. Modern gene therapists use it for this purpose. Lagos thought that herpes simplex might be a modern, benign descendant of Asherah."
"Not always benign," Hiro says, remembering a friend of his who died of AIDS-related complications; in the last days, he had herpes lesions from his lips all the way down his throat. "It"s only benign because we have immunities."
"Yes, sir."
"So did Lagos think that the Asherah virus actually altered the DNA of brain cells?"
"Yes. This was the backbone of his hypothesis that the virus was able to trans.m.u.te itself from a biologically transmitted string of DNA into a set of behaviors."
"What behaviors? What was Asherah worship like? Did they do sacrifices?"
"No. But there is evidence of cult prost.i.tutes, both male and female."
"Does that mean what I think it does? Religious figures who would hang around the temple and f.u.c.k people?"
"More or less."
"Bingo. Great way to spread a virus. Now, I want to jump back to an earlier fork in the conversation."
"As you wish. I can handle nested forkings to a virtually infinite depth."
"You made a connection between Asherah and Eve."
"Eve-whose Biblical name is Hawwa-is clearly the Hebrew interpretation of an older myth. Hawwa is an ophidian mother G.o.ddess."
"Ophidian?"
"a.s.sociated with serpents. Asherah is also an ophidian mother G.o.ddess. And both are a.s.sociated with trees as well."
"Eve, as I recall, is considered responsible for getting Adam to eat the forbidden fruit, from the tree of knowledge of good and evil. Which is to say, it"s not just fruit-it"s data."
"If you say so, sir."
"I wonder if viruses have always been with us, or not. There"s sort of an implicit a.s.sumption that they have been around forever. But maybe that"s not true. Maybe there was a period of history when they were nonexistent or at least unusual. And at a certain point, when the metavirus showed up, the number of different viruses exploded, and people started getting sick a whole lot. That would explain the fact that all cultures seem to have a myth about Paradise, and the Fall from Paradise."
"Perhaps."
"You told me that the Essenes thought that tapeworms were demons. If they"d known what a virus was, they probably would have thought the same thing. And Lagos told me the other night that, according to the Sumerians, there was no concept of good and evil per se."
"Correct. According to Kramer and Maier, there are good demons and bad demons. "Good ones bring physical and emotional health. Evil ones bring disorientation and a variety of physical and emotional ills. But these demons can hardly be distinguished from the diseases they personify-and many of the diseases sound, to modern ears, as though they must be psychosomatic.""
"That"s what the doctors said about Da5id, that his disease must be psychosomatic."
"I don"t know anything about Da5id, except for some rather ba.n.a.l statistics."
"It"s as though "good" and "evil" were invented by the writer of the Adam and Eve legend to explain why people get sick-why they have physical and mental viruses. So when Eve-or Asherah-got Adam to eat the fruit of the tree of knowledge of good and evil, she was introducing the concept of good and evil into the world-introducing the metavirus, which creates viruses."
"Could be."
"So my next question is: Who wrote the Adam and Eve legend?"
"This is a source of much scholarly argument."
"What did Lagos think? More to the point, what does Juanita think?"
"Nicolas Wyatt"s radical interpretation of the Adam and Eve story supposes that it was, in fact, written as a political allegory by the deuteronomists."
"I thought they wrote the later books, not Genesis."
"True. But they were involved in compiling and editing the earlier books as well. For many years, it was a.s.sumed that Genesis was written sometime around 900 B.C.-or even earlier-long before the advent of the deuteronomists. But more recent a.n.a.lysis of the vocabulary and content suggests that a great deal of editorial work-possibly even authorial work-took place around the time of the Exile, when the deuteronomists held sway."
"So they may have rewritten an earlier Adam and Eve myth."
"They appear to have had ample opportunity. According to the interpretation of Heidberg and, later, Wyatt, Adam in his garden is a parable for the king in his sanctuary, specifically King Hosea, who ruled the northern kingdom until it was conquered by Sargon II in 722 B.C."
"That"s the conquest you mentioned earlier-the one that drove the deuteronomists southward toward Jerusalem?"
"Exactly. Now "Eden," which can be understood simply as the Hebrew word for "delight," stands for the happy state in which the king existed prior to the conquest. The expulsion from Eden to the bitter lands to the east is a parable for the ma.s.sive deportation of Israelites to a.s.syria following Sargon II"s victory. According to this interpretation, the king was enticed away from the path of righteousness by the cult of El, with its a.s.sociated worship of Asherah-who is commonly a.s.sociated with serpents, and whose symbol is a tree."
"And his a.s.sociation with Asherah somehow caused him to be conquered-so when the deuteronomists reached Jerusalem, they recast the Adam and Eve story as a warning to the leaders of the southern kingdom."
"Yes."
"And perhaps, because no one was listening to them, perhaps they invented the concept of good and evil in the process, as a hook."
"Hook?"
"Industry term. Then what happened? Did Sargon II try to conquer the southern kingdom also?"
"His successor, Sennacherib, did. King Hezekiah, who ruled the southern kingdom, prepared for the attack feverishly, making great improvements in the fortifications of Jerusalem, improving its supply of drinking water. He was also responsible for a far-reaching series of religious reforms, which he undertook under the direction of the deuteronomists."
"How did it work out?"
"The forces of Sennacheb surrounded Jerusalem. "And that night the angel of the Lord went forth, and slew a hundred and eighty-five thousand in the camp of the a.s.syrians; and when men arose early in the morning, behold, these were all dead bodies. Then Sennacherib king of a.s.syria departed." 2 Kings 19:35-36."
"I"ll bet he did. So let me get this straight: the deuteronomists, through Hezekiah, impose a policy of informational hygiene on Jerusalem and do some civil-engineering work-you said they worked on the water supply?"
"They stopped all the springs and the brook that flowed through the land, saying, "Why should the kings of a.s.syria come and find much water?" 2 Chronicles 32:4. Then the Hebrews carved a tunnel seventeen hundred feet through solid rock to carry that water inside city walls."
"And then as soon as Sennacherib"s soldiers came on the scene, they all dropped dead of what can only be understood as an extremely virulent disease, to which the people of Jerusalem were apparently immune. Hmm, interesting-I wonder what got into their water?"
Y.T. doesn"t get down to Long Beach very much, but when she does, she will do just about anything to avoid the Sacrifice Zone. It"s an abandoned shipyard the size of a small town. It sticks out into San Pedro Bay, where the older, nastier Burbclaves of the Basin-unplanned Burbclaves of tiny asbestos-shingled houses patrolled by beetle-browed Kampuchean men with pump shotguns-fade off into the foam-kissed beaches. Most of it"s on the appropriately named Terminal Island, and since her plank doesn"t run on the water, that means she can only get in or out by one access road.
Like all Sacrifice Zones, this one has a fence around it, with yellow metal signs wired to it every few yards.
SACRIFICE ZONE.
WARNING!.
The National Parks Service has declared this area to be a National Sacrifice Zone. The Sacrifice Zone Program was developed to manage parcels of land whose clean-up cost exceeds their total future economic value.
And like all Sacrifice Zone fences, this one has holes in it and is partially torn down in places. Young men blasted out of their minds on natural and artificial male hormones must have some place to do their idiotic coming-of-age rituals. They come in from Burbclaves all over the area in their four-wheel-drive trucks and tear across the open ground, slicing long curling gashes into the clay cap that was placed on the really bad parts to prevent windblown asbestos from blizzarding down over Disneyland.
Y.T. is oddly satisfied to know that these boys have never even dreamed of an all-terrain vehicle like Ng"s motorized wheelchair. It veers off the paved road with no loss in speed-ride gets a little b.u.mpy-and hits the chain-link fence as if it were a fog bank, plowing a hundred-foot section into the ground. It is a clear night, and so the Sacrifice Zone glitters, an immense carpet of broken gla.s.s and shredded asbestos. A hundred feet away, some seagulls are tearing at the belly of a dead German shepherd lying on its back. There is a constant undulation of the ground that makes the shattered gla.s.s flash and twinkle; this is caused by vast, spa.r.s.e migrations of rats. The deep, computer-designed imprints of suburban boys" fat k.n.o.bby tires paint giant runes on the clay, like the mystery figures in Peru that Y.T."s mom learned about at the NeoAquarian Temple. Through the windows, Y.T. can hear occasional bursts of either firecrackers or gunfire.
She can also hear Ng making new, even stranger sounds with his mouth. There is a built-in speaker system in this van-a stereo, though far be it from Ng to actually listen to any tunes. Y.T. can feel it turning on, can sense a nearly inaudible hiss coming from the speakers.
The van begins to creep forward across the Zone.
The inaudible hiss gathers itself up into a low electronic hum. It"s not steady, it wavers up and down, staying pretty low, like Roadkill fooling around with his electric ba.s.s. Ng keeps changing the direction of the van, as though he"s searching for something, and Y.T. gets the sense that the pitch of the hum is rising.
It"s definitely rising, building up in the direction of a squeal. Ng snarls a command and the volume is reduced. He"s driving very slowly now.
"It is possible that you might not have to buy any Snow Crash at all," he mumbles. "We may have found an unprotected stash."
"What is this totally irritating noise?"
"Bioelectronic sensor. Human cell membranes. Grown in vitro, which means in gla.s.s-in a test tube. One side is exposed to outside air, the other side is clean. When a foreign substance penetrates the cell membrane to the clean side, it"s detected. The more foreign molecules penetrate, the higher the pitch of the sound."
"Like a Geiger counter?"
"Very much like a Geiger counter for cell-penetrating compounds," Ng says.
Like what? Y.T. wants to ask. But she doesn"t.
Ng stops the van. He turns on some lights-very dim lights.
That"s how a.n.a.l this guy is-he has gone to the trouble to install special dim lights in addition to all the bright ones.
They are looking into a sort of bowl, right at the foot of a major drum heap, that is strewn with litter. Most of the litter is empty beer cans. In the middle is a fire pit. Many tire tracks converge here.
"Ah, this is good," Ng says. "A place where the young men gather to take drugs."
Y.T. rolls her eyes at this display of tubularity. This must be the guy who writes all those antidrug pamphlets they get at school. Like he"s not getting a million gallons of drugs every second through all of those gross tubes.
"I don"t see any signs of b.o.o.by traps," Ng says. "Why don"t you go out and see what kind of drug paraphernalia is out there." She looks at him like, what did you say?
"There"s a toxics mask hanging on the back of your seat," he says.