Four days later you send over your next bombers. Again you take a pasting. "The suicide run!" the pilots call it. It"s sure death! But you keep on knocking down Nips. Down they go, burning like the Fourth of July. And all this time you"re pocking up their strips, plenty.
Finally the day comes when you send over twenty-seven bombers and they all come back. Four Zekes rise to get at you, but they are shot to h.e.l.l. You bomb the strip and the installations until you are dizzy from flying in circles over the place. The next eight missions are without incident. You just plow in, drop your stuff, and sail on home.
Right then somebody names that mission, "The Milk Run!" And everybody feels pretty good about it. They even tell you about your a.s.signments in an offhand manner: "Eighteen or twenty of you go over tomorrow and pepper Kuralei." They don"t even brief you on it, and before long there"s a gang around take-off time wanting to know if they can sort of hitch-hike a ride. They"d like to see Kuralei get it. So first thing you know, it"s a real milk run, and you"re in the tourist business!
Of course, I don"t know who ever thought up that name for such missions. The Milk Run? Well, maybe it is like a milk run. For example, you fill up a milk truck with TNT and some special detonating caps that go off if anybody sneezes real loud. You tank up the truck with 120 octane gasoline that burns Pouf! Then instead of a steering wheel, you have three wheels, one for going sideways and one for up and down. You carry eight tons of your special milk when you know you should carry only five. At intersections other milk trucks like yours barge out at you, and you"ve got to watch them every minute. When you try to deliver this precious milk, little kids are all around you with.22"s, popping at you. If one of the slugs gets you, bang! There you go, milk and all! And if you add to that the fact that you aren"t really driving over land at all, but over the ocean, where if the slightest thing goes wrong, you take a drink... Well, maybe that"s a milk run, but if it is, cows are sure raising h.e.l.l these days!
Now get this right, I"m not b.i.t.c.hing. Not at all. I"m d.a.m.ned glad to be the guy that draws the milk runs. Because in comparison with a real mission, jaunts like that really are milk runs. But if you get b.u.mped off on one of them, why you"re just as dead as if you were over Tokyo in a kite. It wasn"t no milk run for you. Not that day.
You take my trip up to Munda two days ago. Now there was a real milk run. Our boys had worked that strip over until it looked like a guy with chicken pox, beriberi and the galloping jumps. Sixteen SBD"s went up to hammer it again. Guess we must be about to land somewhere near there. Four of us stopped off to work over the j.a.p guns at Segi Point. We strafed them plenty. Then we went on to Munda.
Brother, it was a far cry from the old days. This wasn"t The Slot any more. Remember when you used to bomb Kieta or Kahili or Vella or Munda? Opposition all the way. j.a.ps coming at you from every angle. Three hundred miles of h.e.l.l, with ugly islands on every side and j.a.ps on every island. When I first went up there it was the toughest water fighting in the world, bar none. You were lucky to limp home.
Two days ago it was like a pleasure trip. I never saw the water so beautiful. Santa Ysabel looked like a summer resort somewhere off Maine. In the distance you could see Choiseul and right ahead was New Georgia. Everything was blue and green, and there weren"t too many white ack-ack puffs. I tell you, I could make that trip every day with pleasure.
Segi Point was something to see. The Nips had a few antiaircraft there, but we came in low, zoomed up over the hills, peppered the devil out of them. Do you know Segi Pa.s.sage? It"s something to remember. A narrow pa.s.sage with maybe four hundred small pinpoint islands in it. It"s the only place out here I know that looks like the South Pacific. Watch! When we take Segi, I"m putting in for duty there. It"s going to be cool there, and it looks like they got fruit around, too.
Well, after we dusted Segi off we flew low across New Georgia. Natives, and I guess some j.a.p spotters, watched us roar by. We were about fifty feet off the trees, and we rose and fell with the contours of the land. We broke radio silence, because the j.a.ps knew we were coming. The other twelve were already over target. One buddy called out to me and showed me the waterfall on the north side of the island. It looked cool in the early morning sunlight. Soon we were over Munda. The milk run was half over.
I guess you heard what happened next. I was the unlucky guy. One lousy j.a.p hit all day, on that whole strike, and it had to be me that got it. It ripped through the rear gunner"s seat and killed Louie on the spot. Never knew what hit him. I had only eighty feet elevation at the time, but kept her nose straight on. Glided into the water between Wanawana and Munda. The plane sank, of course, in about fifteen seconds. All shot to h.e.l.l. Never even got a life raft out.
So there I was, at seven-thirty in the morning, with no raft, no nothing but a life belt, down in the middle of a j.a.panese channel with sh.o.r.e installations all around me. A couple of guys later on figured that eight thousand j.a.ps must have been within ten miles of me, and I guess that not less than three thousand of them could see me. I was sure a dead duck.
My buddies saw me go in, and they set up a traffic circle around me. One j.a.p barge tried to come out for me, but you know Eddie Callstrom? My G.o.d! He shot that barge up until it splintered so high that even I could see it bust into pieces. My gang was over me for an hour and a half. By this time a radio message had gone back and about twenty New Zealanders in P-40"s took over. I could see them coming a long way off. At first I thought they might be j.a.p planes. I never was too good at recognition.
Well, these New Zealanders are wild men. Holy h.e.l.l! What they did! They would weave back and forth over me for a little while, then somebody would see something on Rendova or Kolombangara. Zoom! Off he would go like a madman, and pretty soon you"d see smoke going up. And if they didn"t see anything that looked like a good target, they would leave the circle every few minutes anyway and raise h.e.l.l among the coconut trees near Munda, just on chance there might be some j.a.ps there. One group of j.a.ps managed to swing a sh.o.r.e battery around to where they could pepper me. They sent out about seven fragmentation sh.e.l.ls, and scared me half to death. I had to stay there in the water and take it.
That was the j.a.ps" mistake. They undoubtedly planned to get my range and put me down, but on the first shot the New Zealanders went crazy. You would have thought I was a ninety million dollar battleship they were out to protect. They peeled off and dove that installation until even the trees around it fell down. They must have made the coral hot. Salt water had almost blinded me, but I saw one P-40 burst into flame and plunge deeply into the water off Rendova. No more j.a.p sh.o.r.e batteries opened up on me that morning.
Even so, I was having a pretty tough time. Currents kept shoving me on toward Munda. j.a.ps were hidden there with rifles, and kept popping at me. I did my d.a.m.nedest, but slowly I kept getting closer. I don"t know, but I guess I swam twenty miles that day, all in the same place. Sometimes I would be so tired I"d just have to stop, but whenever I did, bingo! There I was, heading for the sh.o.r.e and the j.a.ps. I must say, though, that j.a.p rifles are a d.a.m.ned fine spur to a man"s ambitions.
When the New Zealanders saw my plight, they dove for that sh.o.r.e line like the hounds of h.e.l.l. They chopped it up plenty. j.a.p shots kept coming after they left, but lots fewer than before.
I understand that it was about this time that the New Zealanders" radio message reached Admiral Kester. He is supposed to have studied the map a minute and then said, "Get that pilot out there. Use anything you need. We"ll send a destroyer in, if necessary. But get him out. Our pilots are not expendable."
Of course, I didn"t know about it then, but that was mighty fine doctrine. So far as I was concerned. And you know? When I watched those Marine F4U"s coming in to take over the circle, I kind of thought maybe something like that was in the wind at headquarters. The New Zealanders pulled out. Before they went, each one in turn buzzed me. Scared me half to death! Then they zoomed Munda once more, shot it up some, and shoved off home.
The first thing the F4U"s did was drop me a life raft. The first attempt was too far to leeward, and it drifted toward the sh.o.r.e. An energetic j.a.p tried to retrieve it, but one of our planes cut him to pieces. The next raft landed above me, and drifted toward me. Gosh, they"re remarkable things. I pulled it out of the bag, pumped the handle of the CO2 container, and the lovely yellow devil puffed right out.
But my troubles were only starting. The wind and currents shoved that raft toward the sh.o.r.e, but fast. I did everything I could to hold it back, and paddled until I could hardly raise my right arm. Then some F4U pilot with an IQ of about 420-boy, how I would like to meet that guy-dropped me his parachute. It was his only parachute and from then on he was upstairs on his own. But it made me a swell sea anchor. Drifting far behind in the water, it slowed me down. That Marine was a plenty smart cookie.
It was now about noon, and even though I was plenty scared, I was hungry. I broke out some emergency rations from the raft and had a pretty fine meal. The j.a.p snipers were falling short, but a long-range mortar started to get close. It fired about twenty shots. I didn"t care. I had a full belly and a bunch of F4U"s upstairs. Oh, those lovely planes! They went after that mortar like a bunch of b.u.mblebees after a tramp. There was a couple of loud garummmphs, and we had no more trouble with that mortar. It must have been infuriating to the j.a.ps to see me out there.
I judge it was about 1400 when thirty new F4U"s took over. I wondered why they sent so many. This gang made even the New Zealanders look cautious. They just shot up everything that moved or looked as if it might once have wanted to move. Then I saw why.
A huge PBY, painted black, came gracefully up The Slot. I learned later that it was Squadron Leader Grant of the RNZAF detachment at Halavo. He had told headquarters that he"d land the Cat anywhere there was water. By d.a.m.n, he did, too. He reconnoitered the bay twice, saw he would have to make his run right over Munda airfield, relayed that information to the F4U"s and started down. His course took him over the heart of the j.a.p installations. He was low and big and a sure target. But he kept coming in. Before him, above him, and behind him a merciless swarm of thirty F4U"s blazed away. Like tiny, cruel insects protecting a lumbering b.u.t.terfly, the F4U"s scoured the earth.
Beautifully the PBY landed. The F4U"s probed the sh.o.r.eline. Grant taxied his huge plane toward my small raft. The F4U"s zoomed overhead at impossibly low alt.i.tudes. The PBY came alongside. The F4U"s protected us. I climbed aboard and set the raft loose. Quickly the turret top was closed. The New Zealand gunner swung his agile gun about. There were quiet congratulations.
The next moment h.e.l.l broke loose! From the sh.o.r.e one canny j.a.p let go with the gun he had been saving all day for such a moment. There was a ripping sound, and the port wing of the PBY was gone! The j.a.p had time to fire three more sh.e.l.ls before the F4U"s reduced him and his gun to rubble. The first two j.a.p sh.e.l.ls missed, but the last one blew off the tail a.s.sembly. We were sinking.
Rapidly we threw out the rafts and as much gear as we could. I thought to save six parachutes, and soon nine of us were in Munda harbor, setting our sea anchors and looking mighty d.a.m.ned glum. Squadron leader Grant was particularly doused by the affair. "Second PBY I"ve lost since I"ve been out here," he said mournfully.
Now a circle of Navy F6F"s took over. I thought they were more conservative than the New Zealanders and the last Marine gang. That Was until a j.a.p battery threw a couple of close ones. I had never seen an F6F in action before. Five of them hit that battery like Jack Dempsey hitting Willard. The New Zealanders, who had not seen the F6F"s either, were amazed. It looked more like a medium bomber than a fighter. Extreme though our predicament was, I remember that we carefully appraised the new F6F.
"The j.a.ps won"t be able to stop that one!" an officer said. "It"s got too much."
"You mean they can fly that big fighter off a ship?" another inquired.
"They sure don"t let the yellow barstards get many shots in, do they?"
We were glad of that. Unless the j.a.p hit us on first shot, he was done. He didn"t get a second chance. We were therefore dismayed when half of the F6F"s pulled away toward Rendova. We didn"t see them any more. An hour later, however, we saw thirty new F4U"s lollygagging through the sky Rendova way. Four sped on ahead to relieve the fine, battle-proven F6F"s who headed down The Slot. We wondered what was up.
And then we saw! From some secret nest in Rendova, the F4U"s were bringing out two PT Boats! They were going to come right into Munda harbor, and to h.e.l.l with the j.a.ps! Above them the lazy Marines darted and bobbed, like dolphins in an aerial ocean.
You know the rest. It was Lt. Comdr. Charlesworth and his PT"s. Used to be on Tulagi. They hang out somewhere in the Russells now. Something big was on, and they had sneaked up to Rendova, specially for an attack somewheres. But Kester shouted, "To h.e.l.l with the attack. We"ve gone this far. Get that pilot out of there." He said they"d have to figure out some other move for the big attack they had cooking. Maybe use destroyers instead of PT"s.
I can"t tell you much more. A couple of savvy j.a.ps were waiting with field pieces, just like the earlier one. But they didn"t get hits. My G.o.d, did the Marines in their F4U"s crucify those j.a.ps? That was the last thing I saw before the PT"s pulled me aboard. Twelve F4U"s diving at one hillside.
Pa.s.s me that bottle, Tony. Well, as you know, we figured it all out last night. We lost a P-40 and a PBY. We broke up Admiral Kester"s plan for the PT Boats. We wasted the flying time of P-40"s, F4U"s, and F6F"s like it was dirt. We figured the entire mission cost not less than $600,000. Just to save one guy in the water off Munda. I wonder what the j.a.ps left to rot on Munda thought of that? $600,000 for one pilot. -Bus Adams took a healthy swig of whiskey. He lolled back in the tail-killing chair of the Hotel De Gink-But it"s sure worth every cent of the money. If you happen to be that pilot.
ALLIGATOR.
ONE day in November, 1942, a group of admirals met in the Navy Building, in Washington. They discussed the limited victory at Coral Sea. They estimated our chances on Guadalca.n.a.l. They progressed to other considerations, and toward the end of the meeting the officer who was serving as improvised chairman said, "We will take Kuralei!"
It was a preposterous decision. Our forces at that moment were more than a thousand enemy-held miles from Kuralei. We barely had enough planes in the Pacific to protect the Marines on Guadalca.n.a.l. Our ability to hold what we had grabbed and to digest what we held was uncertain. The outcome in the Pacific was undecided when the men in Washington agreed that next they would take Kuralei.
Equally fantastic men in Russia made equally fantastic decisions. They forgot that Von Paulus was at the gates of Stalingrad. They were saying, "And when we have captured Warsaw, we will sweep on directly to Posnan. If necessary, we will bypa.s.s that city and strike for the Oder. That is what we will do."
And in London, Americans and British ignored Rommel at the threshold of Alexandria and reasoned calmly, "When we drive Rommel out of Tunisia, and when you Americans succeed in your African venture, we will land upon Sicily in this manner."
That each of these three grandiose dreams came true is a miracle of our age. I happened to see why the Kuralei adventure succeeded. It was because of Alligator. I doubt if anything that I shall ever partic.i.p.ate in again will have quite the same meaning to me. Alligator was a triumph of mind, first, and then of muscle. It was a rousing victory of the spirit, consummated in the flesh. It was to me, who saw it imperfectly and in part, a lasting proof that democratic men will ever be the equals of those who deride the system; for it was an average group of hard-working Americans who devised Alligator.
First the admirals in Washington conveyed their decision to their subordinates. "We will take Kuralei!" One of the subordinates told me that his head felt like a basket of lead when the words were spoken. Take Kuralei!" he laughed in retrospect. "It was as silly as suggesting that we sail right in and take Rabaul, or Truk, or Palau. At that time it was a preposterous imagination."
But he and perhaps sixty other high-ranking officers set out to take Kuralei. Specialists of all branches of the service studied Kuralei day and night, to the exclusion of all else. Map-makers were called in to make complete maps of Kuralei... and four other islands so that no one could say for sure, "Kuralei is next." It was soon discovered that there were no maps of the island that could be trusted. Months later, lonely aircraft stole over Kuralei at great speed, and unarmed. They photographed the island... and four other islands, and some were never seen again. A submarine one night put six men ash.o.r.e to reconnoiter a Kuralei beach. They returned. The men who crept ash.o.r.e on another island did not return, but even in the moments of their darkest torture those men could not imperil the operation, for they knew nothing. In five months the first maps of Kuralei were drawn. They proved to be sixty percent accurate. Hundreds of lives paid for each error in those maps; hundreds more live today because the maps contained so much accurate information.
The admiral in charge of providing the necessary number of destroyers for the operation studied eighteen or twenty contingencies. If the submarine menace abates within four months; if we could draw twelve destroyers from the Aleutians; if we had only eight carriers to protect; if we can insist upon using only those transports that make sixteen knots; if we can rely upon complete outfitting in Brisbane; if Camden and Seattle can finish outfitting the cruisers we need; if the job between here and Ascension can be turned over to destroyer escorts; if the African experiment needs all the destroyers allocated to it; if we could draw heavily upon MacArthur"s fleet for the time being; reports from Korea four weeks previous to D-day continue favorable as to the disposition of the j.a.p fleet; if we decide to knock out most of the sh.o.r.e batteries by aerial bombardment; if we have a margin of safety at Midway; if we have an air cover as powerful as we plan; if we can suspend all convoys south of Pearl Harbor, and so on until a truly perplexing number of possibilities had been considered. But when a man whose life has been planned to the sea, whose whole purpose for living is meeting an emergency like this, spends four months on the problem of destroyers at Kuralei, one has a right to expect a judicious decision.
The medical corps attacked their problem somewhat differently. They made a study of all amphibious landings of which there was any history. Landings by a large force, by a small force. Landings with a ground swell and in calm water. Landings with air cover and without. Landings with fierce air opposition and with moderate. Landings with no air opposition. Landings in the tropics, in the arctic, and in temperate climate. Landings with hospital ships available and with hospital ships sunk. In fact, where no experience was available to draw upon, the doctors spent hours imagining what might conceivably happen.
Slowly and with much revision, they proceeded to draw up tables. "Against a beach protected by a coral reef, with a landing made at high tide against effective, but hara.s.sed enemy opposition, casualties may be expected as follows..." Specialists went to work upon the tentative a.s.sumptions. "Of any 100 casualties suffered in this operation, it is safe to predict that the following distribution by type will be encountered." Next research doctors computed the probable percentages of leg wounds, stomach wounds, head wounds, arms shattered, faces blown away, t.e.s.t.i.c.l.es destroyed, eyes lost forever, and feet shot off. Then the hospital men took over. "It can be seen from the accompanying table that xx hospital ships with xx beds must be provided for this operation. Of the xx beds, no less than xx percent must be adjustable beds to care for wounds in categories k through r." Next the number of surgeons required was determined, the number of corpsmen, the number of nurses and their desired distribution according to rank, the number of enterologists, head specialists, eye men, and genito-urinary consultants. The number of operating tables available was determined, as were all items of equipment. A survey was made of every available hospital and medical facility from Pearl Harbor to Perth. "By the time this operation commences, it is reasonable to a.s.sume that we shall have naval hospitals on Guadalca.n.a.l, the Russells, Munda; that we shall have increased facilities in the New Hebrides and Noumea; and that projects already under way in New Zealand and Australia will be completed. This means that at the minimum, we shall have..." Four medical warehouses were completely checked to see that adequate supplies of all medicines, plasma, bandages, instruments, and every conceivable medical device would be available. "If, as is reasonable to suppose, we have by that time secured an effective airstrip, say at some point like Konora, we will have available fourteen hospital planes which should be able to evacuate critically wounded men at the rate of..." At this point a senior naval doctor interrupted all proceedings.
"Let us now a.s.sume," he said, "that this operation is a fiasco. Let us imagine for the moment that we have twenty-five percent casualties. That our schedule for operations is doubled. That head wounds are increased two hundred percent. What will we do then?" So the doctors revised their tables and studied new shreds of past experience. About this time a doctor who had commanded a medical unit for the Marines on Guadalca.n.a.l returned to Washington. Eagerly, his fellow physicians shot questions at him for three days. Then they revised their estimates. A British doctor who was pa.s.sing through Washington on a medical commission that would shortly go to Russia was queried for two days. He had been on Crete. Slowly, with infinite pains, ever cautiously, but with hope, the doctors built up their tables of expectancy. Long before the first ship set sail for Kuralei, almost before the long-range bombers started softening it up, the medical history of the battle was written. Like all such predictions, it was b.l.o.o.d.y and cruel and remorseless. Insofar as our casualties fell short of the doctors" fearful expectations, we would achieve a great victory. And if our losses amounted to only one half or one third of the predictions, hundreds upon hundreds of homes in the United States would know less tragedy than now they could expect to know. In such an event Admiral Kester would be able to report on the battle in those magic words: "Our losses were unexpectedly light." It was strange. The men who would make up the difference between the expected dead and the actual dead would never know that they were the lucky ones. But all the world would be richer for their having lived.
About this time it was necessary to take more and more men into the secret of Kuralei. Seven months had pa.s.sed. An inspiring whisper was sweeping the Navy: "A big strike is on." Everyone heard the whisper. Stewards" mates in Australia, serving aboard some harbor tug, knew "something was up." Little j.a.panese boys who shined shoes in Pearl Harbor knew it, and so did the French girls who waited store in Noumea. But where was the strike directed? When was it timed to hit? More than half a year had pa.s.sed since the decision had been reached. Evidences of the decision were everywhere, but the ultimate secret was still protected. A manner of referring to the secret without betraying it was now needed.
Alligator was the code word decided upon. It was the Alligator operation. Now the actual printing of schedules could proceed. Wherever possible, names were omitted. Phrases such as this appeared: "Alligator can be depended upon to suck the j.a.panese fleet..."
"Alligator will need not less than twenty personnel planes during the period... "Two weeks before Alligator D-day, hospitals in the area south of..." The compilation of specific instructions had begun. Mimeograph machines were working, and over certain offices an armed guard watched night and day. Alligator was committed.
The day upon which the Kuralei operation was named, Captain Samuel Kelley, SC, USN, left Washington for the island of Efate, in the New Hebrides. He was instructed to a.s.sume full command of all supply facilities in that area and to be prepared to service a major strike. "Nothing," he was told, "must interfere with the effective handling of this job. Our entire position in the Pacific depends upon the operation."
At the same time a captain close to Admiral King was dispatched with verbal instructions to Admiral Kester, to the top-flight officers at Pearl Harbor, and to General MacArthur. This captain did not know of Captain Kelley"s commission, and the two men flew out to the South Pacific in the same plane, each wondering what the other was going to do there.
Meanwhile, in Washington plans had gone as far as they could. In minutely guarded parcels they were flown to Pearl Harbor, where Admiral Nimitz and his staff continued the work and trans.m.u.ted it into their own.
No commitments had been made as to when D-day should be, but by the time the project was turned over to Admiral Nimitz, it did not look half so foolish as when it was hatched in Washington. By the time I heard of it much later, it seemed like a logical and almost inevitable move. The subtle difference is that when I saw how reasonable it was, the plan was already so far progressed that only a major catastrophe could have disrupted it. I think that therein lies the secret of modern amphibious warfare.
In Pearl Harbor the mimeograph machines worked harder and longer than they had in Washington. Day by day new chapters were added to the pre-history of Alligator. Old ones were revised or destroyed, and yet there was no printed hint as to where Alligator would strike. All that could be told for certain was that a tremendous number of ships was involved. The super-secret opening sections of Alligator had not yet been printed, nor would they be until the last few weeks before the inevitable day.
At this stage of developments I was sent to Pearl Harbor on uncertain orders. I had a suspicion that I might be traveling there in some connection or other with the impending strike. I thought it was going to be against some small island near Bougainvillea. For a few electric moments I thought it might even be against Kavieng. Kuralei never entered my head.
I landed at the airfield and went directly to Ford Island, where I bunked with an old friend, a Lt. English. Sometime later Tony Fry flew up on business, and the two of us lay in the sun, swapped scuttle-b.u.t.t, and waited in one dreary office after another. Since I was a qualified messenger and had nothing to do, I was sent out to Midway with some papers connected with Alligator. The island made no impression on me. It was merely a handful of sand and rock in the dreary wastes of the Pacific. I have since thought that millions of Americans now and in the future will look upon Guadalca.n.a.l, New Georgia, and Kuralei as I looked upon Midway that very hot day. The islands which are cut upon my mind will be to others mere stretches of jungle or bits of sand. For those other men cannot be expected to know. They were not there.
Finally Tony Fry left for Segi Point, an infinitesimal spot in the Solomons. English had to go on a trip somewhere, and I was alone in the rooms on Ford Island. Young officers reported in by the hundreds in those exciting days prior to the big strike, and after brief interviews, hurried on to islands they had never heard of, to ships they had never known. I stayed, and stayed, and stayed. I did the usual things one did in Pearl Harbor, but somehow the crowds appalled me, and an evil taste never left my mouth. Other men have had similar experiences, in California, or New York, or Oklahoma. They were home, yet there was an evil taste in their mouths; for not even Chicago or Fort Worth can solace a man who has been in the islands and who knows another great strike is forming. His wife and his mother may tell him that he is home now, and order him to forget the battles, but he knows in his heart that he is not home.
It was in this mood that I reported one day to fleet headquarters. That time the call was not in vain. I was given a medium-sized briefcase, unusually heavy. I was told that if our plane went down at sea, I must throw the case into the water. It was guaranteed to sink in eight seconds. I was given a pistol, and a Marine sergeant as an armed guard. With an armed escort I was taken to a waiting airplane. Seven other officers were in the plane, and I was certain that at least one of them was a guard a.s.signed to watch me, but which officer it was I could not ascertain.
We stopped that night at Funafuti, a speck in the ocean. Two guards were stationed at my quarters, which was shared with no one. In the morning the procedure of the previous day was repeated, and we left Funafuti, a truly dismal island, for sprawling New Caledonia.
When we were about an hour away from Noumea, where Admiral Kester had his headquarters, an unfavorable weather report was received, and we were directed to land at Plaine des Gaiacs, an airstrip some distance from Noumea. We made what I considered a pretty hazardous landing, for we were well shaken up. We had a difficult decision to make. Should we fly to Noumea in a smaller plane? Should we go down by jeep? Or should we lay over until morning? It was decided to wait an hour and to try the first alternative.
A TBF took us down, and it was then that I learned which of my fellow officers was my extra guard. It was a jay-gee who looked exactly like a bank clerk. In the crowded TBF we never acknowledged that either knew why the other was there. At Magenta we made a wretched landing, and both the jay-gee and I were obviously frightened when we left the plane. Bad weather was all about us, and we wondered how the pilot had felt his way through the clouds.
Again an armed car was waiting, and we proceeded directly to Admiral Kester"s headquarters. There the admiral was waiting. Three of us, the jay-gee, the Marine, and I, presented the briefcase to him.
Admiral Kester took the case into his room and opened it. It contained a mimeographed book, eight and one half inches by fourteen. The book contained six hundred and twelve pages, plus six mimeographed maps. The most startling thing about the book was the first page. The first sentence designated the forthcoming operation as Alligator. The second sentence was short. It said simply, "You will proceed to Kuralei and invest the island."
Slowly, like one who had acquired a Shakespeare folio after years of dreaming, Admiral Kester leafed idly through the super-secret first pages. The warships of his task force were named. The points of rendezvous indicated. The location of every ship was shown for 1200 and 2400 hours of each of the five days preceding the landings. The barrages, the formation of the landing craft, the composition of aerial bombardment, code words for various hours, radio frequencies, location of spotting points, and every other possible detail which might ensure successful operations against the enemy-all were given in the first few pages. Only the time for D-day was missing.
The admiral pa.s.sed over the opening pages and dipped at random into the ma.s.sive volume. Page 291: "At this time of year no hurricanes are to be expected. There is, however, record of one that struck three hundred and eighty miles southwest of Kuralei in 1897. a.s.suming that a hurricane does strike, it will be certain to travel from..."
On page 367 Kester read that "the natives on Kuralei should be presumed to be unfriendly. Long and brutal administration under the Germans was not modified by the j.a.panese. Instead of finding the natives opposed to j.a.panese rule, American forces will find them apathetic or even hostile. Under no circ.u.mstances should they be used as runners, messengers, or watchers. They should, however, be questioned if captured or if they surrender."
On page 401 the admiral was advised that fruit on Kuralei was much the same as that on islands farther south and that in accordance with the general rule of the South Pacific, "if something looks good, smells good and tastes good, eat it!"
It was on page 492 that the Admiral stopped. "Casualties may be expected to be heavy. The landing on Green Beach will probably develop an enfilading fire which will be aimed high. Chest, head, and face casualties are expected to be above that in any previous operation. If barbed wire has been strung at Green Beach since the reconnoiters of December, casualties will be increased. Every precaution must be made to see that all hospital ships, field hospital units, and base hospitals in the area are adequately staffed to handle an influx of wounds in the head and chest. This is imperative."
On page 534 a clear night was predicted from the hours of 0100 on until about 0515. Depending upon D-day, the moon might or might not be bright enough to completely silhouette the fleet. It was to be noticed, however, that even a crescent moon shed enough light to accomplish that purpose. The brighter planets were sometimes sufficiently strong, in the tropics, to outline a battleship.
Admiral Kester closed the book. Alligator, it said on the brown stiff-paper cover. At that moment similar Alligators were being studied by men responsible for submarine patrols, aircraft operations, battleship dispositions, and supply. Each of the men-and it is easy to understand why-said, as he closed the book after his first cursory study of it, "Well, now it"s up to me."
D-day would be selected later, and some officer-messenger like me would fly to various islands and move under heavy guard. He would, like me, be some unlikely candidate for the job, and to each copy of Alligator in circulation he would add one page. It would contain the date of D-day. >From that moment on, there would be no turning back. A truly immense project would be in motion. Ships that sailed four months before from Algiers, or Bath, or San Diego would be committed to a deathless battle. Goods that had piled up on wharves in San Francisco and Sydney would be used at last. Blood plasma from a town in Arkansas would find its merciful destination. Instruments from London, salt pork from Illinois, Diesel oil from Louisiana, and radio parts from a little town in Pennsylvania converged slowly upon a small island in the remote Pacific.
Men were on the move, too. From Australia, New Zealand, the Aleutians, Pearl Harbor, Port Hueneme, and more than eight hundred other places, men slowly or speedily collected at appointed spots. Marines who were sweating and cursing in Suva would soon find themselves caught in a gasping swirl which would end only upon the beach at Kuralei, or a mile inland, or, with luck, upon the topmost rock of the topmost hill.
Each of the remaining bits of gossip in this book took place after the partic.i.p.ants were committed to Kuralei. That is why, looking back upon them now, these men do not seem so foolish in their vanities, quarrels, and pretensions. They didn"t know what was about to happen to them, and they were happy in their ignorance.
The intensity, the inevitability, the grindingness of Alligator were too great for any one man to comprehend. It changed lives in every country in the world. It exacted a cost from every family in j.a.pan and America. Babies were born and unborn because of Alligator, and because of Alligator a snub-nosed little girl in Columbia, South Carolina, who never in a hundred years would otherwise have found herself a husband, was proposed to by a Marine corporal she had met only once. He was on the first wave that hit the beach, and the night before, when he thought of the next day, he cast up in his mind all the good things he had known in life. There was Mom and Pop, and an old Ford, and Sat.u.r.day nights in a little Georgia town, and being a Marine, and being a corporal, and there wasn"t a h.e.l.l of a lot more. But there was that little girl in Columbia, South Carolina. She was plain, but she was nice. She was the kind of a girl that sort of looked up to a fellow. So this Marine borrowed a piece of paper and wrote to that girl: "Dear Florella, Mabe you dont no who i am i am that marine Joe Blight brot over to see you. You was very sweet to me that night Florella and I want to tell you that if i..."
But he didn"t. Some don"t. To Florella, though, who would never be married in a hundred years anyway, that letter, plus the one the chaplain sent with it... well, it was almost as good as being married.
OUR HEROINE.
TWO WEEKS after Nurse Nellie Forbush proposed to Lieut. Harbison she received a newspaper clipping from Little Rock, Arkansas. In the section devoted to rural news was a large and pretty picture of her in formal uniform. The caption read: "Our Heroine. Otolousa Girl Arrives in New Hebrides to Help Wounded Americans."
Nellie looked at the photograph smiling at her from the newspaper. She was younger then, and much more sure of herself. She hadn"t been seasick for eight days. When that photograph was taken she hadn"t lived in mud, on poor food, under a stinking mosquito net. Nor did she have a lonely feeling about her heart, so that days and nights were the same.
No, she was a happy girl when she posed for that picture. She had gone into Little Rock with her mother and Charlie Benedict. They were both proud of her, her mother because she looked so fine and patriotic in her new uniform. Charlie because he hoped to marry her.
Charlie had been unexpectedly glum when the pictures were delivered to Otolousa. "You"re beautiful!" he said. "You"ll never come back to a 4-F."
"I want to see the world, Charlie," she had replied. "I want to meet other people. I want to see what the world"s like. Then, when the war"s over, I"ll come back." Neither she nor Charlie believed that she would.
In the New Hebrides she was seeing plenty of people. Too many! She was often the only girl among a hundred men. Most of them wanted to make love to her. But that isn"t what Nellie Forbush meant when she said she wanted to see the world. She had meant that she wanted to talk with strange people, to find out how they lived, and what they dreamed about, interesting little things that she could treasure as experience.
Hers was the heart-hunger that has sent people of all ages in search of new thoughts and deeper perceptions. Yet at the end of a year in Navy life Nellie had found only one person who shared her longing for ideas and experiences. It was Dinah Culbert. She and Dinah had a l.u.s.t for sensations, ideas, and the web of experience. She and Dinah were realists, but of that high order which includes symbolism and some things just beyond the reach of pure intelligence.
She was sorry, therefore, when Dinah was ordered north to help set up a new hospital. They were talking together the night before Dinah left. Together they were laughing at poor, handsome Bill Harbison. They heard that he was drinking a good deal. Nellie had already told Dinah of how she had proposed to Bill and been refused. Dinah recalled that one night recently Bill had been slightly drunk at a party and had greeted her affectionately with a lurch and a loud, "Hi, Grandmom!"
The two nurses were talking when they heard a commotion by the guard house. An Army officer was helping a nurse out of a jeep. A doctor was running over. Soon heads popped out of all the windows. They saw another doctor come up and start to attend the officer. Like fire, news spread through the dormitories.
It was that quiet nurse who liked the Army captain. The one stationed in Vila. He was driving her home. They had stopped for a while. Near the air field. No, she didn"t neck with him much. They were watching the planes. Three men jumped out of the bushes at them. They had clubs. They knocked the captain down and started to pull the nurse out of the jeep. When she screamed and fought, one of them tried to hit her with a club. He missed her and broke one of the a.s.sailants" arms. The wounded man bellowed. Then they got mad and grabbed her by one arm and one leg. She held onto the steering wheel, and the captain started to fight again. They hit him once more, and then...
A car came by. The three a.s.sailants saw it coming and fled. Two Army enlisted men were in the jeep and gave chase to the culprits. But by that time the would-be rapists were gone. One of the enlisted men drove the captain"s jeep to the hospital. The captain was badly beaten around the head. The nurse was shivering from shock, but was not hurt.
All night cars whizzed by. They stopped all vehicles. At 0300 all hands at all stations were mustered in dark, sleepy lines. Officers checked enlisted men and other officers. Finally, toward morning, a man was found with a broken arm. He had slipped on a coconut log. Why hadn"t he reported it? Just got in. What was he doing out? Hunting flying foxes. What with? A gun. Where was it? His friend took it. Who was his friend? He didn"t know. How could he be a friend if he didn"t know his name? He didn"t know. Where did the friend live? He didn"t know. Did anybody see him go hunting flying foxes? No. Was anyone along whom he did know? n.o.body. Just him and the friend? Yes. Was his friend in the Army or Navy? He didn"t know.
They locked up the suspect in a hospital ward. He knew nothing and the police were never able to establish that he was a rapist. If he was, his accomplices were not detected.
From then on nurses rarely went out at night unless their dates carried loaded revolvers. In the hot mornings Lieut. Harbison and his friends practiced target shooting so that in the cool nights they could protect their girls from enlisted men. Of course, the Army captain who had defended his nurse so well supplanted Harbison as the local hero. The captain became a greater hero when he proposed to his nurse and was accepted. They used to sit in the corner of the hospital club and talk. She would drink root beer and he usually had a c.o.ke. Lieut. Harbison was now going with a scatter-brained floozy. They used to spend a good deal of their time in the bushes. After she was sent home he took up with a divorced nurse who knew he was married. They worked out some kind of arrangement. Nellie used to nod at them whenever she saw them. She noticed that Bill was getting fat.
There were many other attacks or near attacks on nurses in the islands. They were grim, hushed-up affairs. n.o.body ever knew exactly what had happened. Just rumor and surmises. But in time every nurse knew she lived in danger. She could see in the baleful looks of enlisted men that they considered her little more than a plaything brought out to amuse the officers. With thousands of men for every white woman, with enlisted men forbidden to date the nurses, it was to be expected that vague and terrible things would occur. In spite of this, Nellie found herself watching men with a deeper interest. The good men seemed better when there was trouble. The armed enlisted man who drove the hospital car when she went riding with officers seemed more willing to protect her. And every man who was apprehended as a rapist was obviously degenerate in some way or other. Back home they would have been evil, too.
"Men seem even nicer now than they did before," she said one day as Dinah was packing. "I thought it would be the other way around."
"Men are always nice," Dinah laughed.
"I was thinking the other night, Dinah. Out here good people seem to get better and bad people get worse."