Seward typically rose: Frederick W. Seward, William H. Seward: An Autobiography from 1801 to 1834, with a Memoir of His Life, and Selections from His Letters, 18311846 (New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1877), p. 658 [hereafter Seward, An Autobiography]; Frederick W. Seward, Seward at Washington, as Senator and Secretary of State. A Memoir of His Life, with Selections from His Letters, 18461861 (New York: Derby & Miller, 1891), p. 203.
description of Seward mansion: Interview with Betty Mae Lewis, curator of Seward House, Auburn, N.Y., 1999 [hereafter Lewis interview]; The Seward House (Auburn, N.Y.: The Foundation Historical a.s.sociation, 1955); NYH, August 27, 1860.
Seward"s interest in gardening: Seward, An Autobiography, pp. 368, 65758.
"a lover"s interest": WHS to [TW?], April 12, 1835, in ibid., p. 257.
"came in to the table...that was exhausted": Ibid., pp. 658, 461, 481; Lewis interview.
"The cannoneers...joyful news": Auburn Democrat, reprinted in the Atlas and Argus, Albany, N.Y., May 28, 1860.
weather conditions: WHS to FAS, December 17, 1834, reel 112, Seward Papers; Patricia C. Johnson, "Sensitivity and Civil War: The Selected Diaries and Papers, 18581866, of Frances Adeline [f.a.n.n.y] Seward." Ph.D. diss, University of Rochester, 1963, pp. 12.
Visitors had come...Weedsport to the north: Henry B. Stanton, Random Recollections, 3rd edn. (New York: Harper & Bros., 1887), p. 215.
Local restaurants had stocked up: NYH, August 27, 1860; Auburn Democrat, reprinted in the Atlas and Argus, Albany, N.Y., May 28, 1860.
the vigorous senator: See Glyndon G. Van Deusen, William Henry Seward (New York: Oxford University Press, 1967), pp. 25557, 263.
New York Herald..."dauntless and intrepid": NYH, August 27, 1860.
slender frame..."most glorious original": Henry Adams to Charles Francis Adams, Jr., December 9, 1860, in Letters of Henry Adams (18581891), Vol. I., ed. Worthington Chauncey Ford (Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1930), p. 63.
physical description of Seward: John M. Taylor, William Henry Seward: Lincoln"s Right Hand (New York: HarperCollins, 1991), p. 17; Burton J. Hendrick, Lincoln"s War Cabinet (Boston, Little, Brown, 1946), p. 8; Johnson, "Sensitivity and Civil War," pp. 11, 5657; Frederic Bancroft, The Life of William H. Seward, Vol. I (New York: Harper & Bros., 1899; Gloucester, Ma.s.s.: Peter Smith, 1967), p. 184.
"school-boy elasticity...slashing swagger": Murat Halstead, Three Against Lincoln: Murat Halstead Reports the Caucuses of 1860, ed. William B. Hesseltine (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1960), p. 120.
Every room...by Washington Irving: Lewis interview; The Seward House, pp. 56, 12, 16, 23, 26; Seward, An Autobiography, pp. 440, 677; Susan Sutton Smith, "Mr. Seward"s Home," University of Rochester Library Bulletin 31 (Autumn 1978), pp. 6993.
"the honor in question...of its principles": National Intelligencer, Washington, D.C., May 19, 1860.
"No press has opposed...leadership of the man": Atlas and Argus, Albany, N.Y., May 19, 1860.
valedictory speech to the Senate: Bancroft, The Life of William H. Seward, Vol. I, p. 522; Van Deusen, William Henry Seward, p. 222; entry for May 13, 1860, Diary of Charles Francis Adams, reel 75, microfilms of The Adams Papers owned by the Adams Ma.n.u.script Trust and deposited in the Ma.s.sachusetts Historical Society, Part I (Boston: Ma.s.sachusetts Historical Society, 1954) [hereafter Charles Francis Adams diary].
love of Auburn: Seward, An Autobiography, p. 744.
"free to act...to die": Auburn Journal, December 31, 1859, reprinted in Albany Evening Journal, Albany, N.Y., January 3, 1860.
Auburn in the 1860s: Johnson, "Sensitivity and Civil War," pp. 23.
Seward had arrived...Cayuga County: Van Deusen, William Henry Seward, pp. 67.
description of Frances: Ibid., p. 10; Taylor, William Henry Seward, pp. 1819.
death of Cornelia: Van Deusen, William Henry Seward, p. 37.
slow to take up the Republican banner: Clarence Edward Macartney, Lincoln and His Cabinet (New York and London: Charles Scribner"s Sons, 1931), pp. 9495.
"would inspire a cow...language": Henry Adams to Charles Francis Adams, Jr., December 9, 1860, Letters of Henry Adams (18581891), Vol. I, p. 62.
the "leader of the political...pa.s.s-words of our combatants": Schurz, Reminiscences, Vol. II, pp. 17374.
his exuberant personality...yellow pantaloons: Hendrick, Lincoln"s War Cabinet, p. 8; Johnson, "Sensitivity and Civil War," p. 57.
an aura of inevitability: Halstead, Three Against Lincoln, p. 120.
"Men might love...ignore him": Glyndon G. Van Deusen, "Thurlow Weed: A Character Study," American Historical Review XLIX (April 1944), p. 427.
"as a hen does its chicks": Hendrick, Lincoln"s War Cabinet, p. 17.
an exceptional team: Richard L. Watson, Jr., "Thurlow Weed, Political Boss," New York History 22 (October 1941), p. 415.
"Seward is Weed": WHS, quoted in Gideon Welles, Lincoln and Seward Remarks Upon the Memorial Address of Chas. Francis Adams, on the Late Wm. H. Seward... (New York: Sheldon & Co., 1874), p. 23.
Weed certainly understood...created jealousy: Van Deusen, William Henry Seward, pp. 216, 22223.
Weed believed...emerge the victor: TW to WHS, May 20, 1860, reel 59, Seward Papers.
Members...confirmed Weed"s a.s.sessment: Mary King Clark, "Lincoln"s Nomination As Seen By a Young Girl from New York," Putnam"s Magazine 5 (February 1909), pp. 53637.
"no cause for doubting...to the result": James Watson Webb to WHS, May 16, 1860, reel 59, Seward Papers.
"Your friends...a few ballots": Elbridge Gerry Spaulding to WHS, May 17, 1860, reel 59, Seward Papers.
"All right...today sure": Telegram from Preston King, William M. Evarts, and Richard M. Blatchford to WHS, May 18, 1860, reel 59, Seward Papers.
Gothic mansion...State and Sixth Streets: "History of the Chase House," article in the Central Ohio Buildings File, Local History Room, Columbus Metropolitan Library, Columbus, Ohio; William Dean Howells, Years of My Youth (New York and London: Harper & Bros., 1916; 1917), p. 153.
Bra.s.s bands...were revealed: Daily Ohio Statesman, Columbus, Ohio, May 19, 1860.
Chase"s height, physical description: Albert Bushnell Hart, Salmon P. Chase, introduction by G. S. Boritt. American Statesmen Series (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1899; New York and London: Chelsea House, 1980), p. 415; Hendrick, Lincoln"s War Cabinet, p. 32.
"looked...statesman to look": Schurz, Reminiscences, Vol. II, p. 34.
"he is one of...splendor and brilliancy": Troy [N.Y.] Times, October 18, 1860, quoted in Columbus Gazette, November 2, 1860.
"an arresting duality...the world": Thomas Graham Belden and Marva Robins Belden, So Fell the Angels (Boston: Little, Brown, 1956), p. 4.
dressed with meticulous care: Hart, Salmon P. Chase, p. 415.
so nearsighted: John Niven, Salmon P. Chase: A Biography (New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995), pp. 79, 173, 193.
man of unbending routine: Virginia Tatnall Peac.o.c.k, Famous American Belles of the Nineteenth Century (1900; Freeport, N.Y.: Books for Libraries Press, 1970), p. 211; Demarest Lloyd, "The Home-Life of Salmon Portland Chase," Atlantic Monthly 32 (November 1873), pp. 528, 53031, 536, 538; Niven, Salmon P. Chase, pp. 20305; J. W. Schuckers, The Life and Public Services of Salmon Portland Chase, United States Senator and Governor of Ohio; Secretary of the Treasury, and Chief-Justice of the United States (New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1874), p. 595; Schurz, Reminiscences, Vol. II, pp. 16970.
On the rare nights: Lloyd, "Home-Life of Salmon Portland Chase," Atlantic Monthly, pp. 529 (quote), 531; Peac.o.c.k, Famous American Belles of the Nineteenth Century, pp. 21112; Ishbel Ross, Proud Kate: Portrait of an Ambitious Woman (New York: Harper & Bros., 1953), p. 37.
items in Chase home: SPC to KCS, December 3, 4, 5, and 6, 1857, reel 11, Chase Papers.