"I think it is...into Liberty": James A. Briggs to AL, November 1, 1859, Lincoln Papers.
The crowds that greeted..."many a day": Janesville Gazette, quoted in Baringer, Lincoln"s Rise to Power, pp. 11011 (quote p. 110).
"Douglasism...of Republicanism": AL to SPC, September 21, 1859, in CW, III, p. 471.
stop was Cincinnati: Baringer, Lincoln"s Rise to Power, pp. 10307.
"greeted with...rising star": d.i.c.kson, "Abraham Lincoln in Cincinnati," Harper"s New Monthly (1884), p. 65.
Lincoln"s speech in Cincinnati: AL, "Speech at Cincinnati, Ohio," September 17, 1859, in CW, III, p. 454.
"as an effort...had ever heard": Cincinnati Gazette, reprinted in Illinois State Journal, Springfield, Ill., October 7, 1859.
Lincoln"s crowded schedule..."the women come": Joshua F. Speed to AL, September 22, 1859, Lincoln Papers.
"Your visit to Ohio...in your favor": Samuel Galloway to AL, October 13, 1859, Lincoln Papers.
"We must take...are my choice": Samuel Galloway to AL, July 23, 1859, Lincoln Papers.
"to hedge against...we shall disagree": AL to Schuyler Colfax, July 6, 1859, in CW, III, pp. 39091.
Colfax appreciated..."throughout the Union": Schuyler Colfax to AL, July 14, 1859, Lincoln Papers.
"with foolish pikes": Stephen Vincent Benet, John Brown"s Body (New York: Henry Holt & Co., 1927; 1955), p. 52.
John Brown at Harpers Ferry: See chapter 19 of Stephen B. Oates, To Purge This Land with Blood: A Biography of John Brown (New York: Harper & Row, 1970), pp. 290306.
"I am waiting...& of humanity": John Brown to his family, November 30, 1859, quoted in Oswald Garrison Villard, John Brown, 18001859: A Biography Fifty Years After (Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1910), p. 551.
the dignity...eloquence of his statements: Villard, John Brown, 18001859, pp. 53839.
His death..."resolutions were adopted": Potter, The Impending Crisis, 18481861, p. 378.
"sent a shiver of fear...woman, and child": Press and Tribune, Chicago, October 22, 1859.
"Harper"s Ferry...dissolution must ensue": Richmond Enquirer, November 25, 1859.
"like a great...that abyss": Craven, The Growth of Southern Nationalism, p. 309.
"Weird John Brown": Herman Melville, "The Portent," in Battle-Pieces and Aspects of the War, reprinted in The Poems of Herman Melville, rev. edn., ed. Douglas Robillard (Kent, Ohio, and London: Kent State University Press, 2000), p. 53.
"I do not exaggerate...in great numbers": Robert Bunch, December 9, 1859, quoted in Laura A. White, "The South in the 1850"s as Seen by British Consuls," Journal of Southern History I (February 1935), p. 44.
"for seditious...in a good cause": Editor"s description of St. Louis News article of November 23, 1859, pasted in entry of November 23, 1859, in The Diary of Edward Bates, 18591866, p. 65.
"the natural fruits...his subordinates": Charleston [S.C.] Mercury, December 16, 1859.
"one hundred gentlemen"...and Colfax: Advertis.e.m.e.nt by "Richmond," quoted in Seward, Seward at Washington...18461861, p. 440.
"The first overt act...the Shenandoah": NYH, October 19, 1859.
"necessary and just": WHS, "The State of the Country," February 29, 1860, in Works of William H. Seward, Vol. IV, p. 637.
"seeking to plunge...universal condemnation": Albany Evening Journal, October 19, 1859.
"the wild extravagance...a madman": Entry of October 25, 1859, in The Diary of Edward Bates, 18591866, pp. 5051.
He discussed the incident..."his [dagger]": Entry of November 21, 1859, in ibid., p. 63.
"for a household...attempted to do": Janet Chase Hoyt, "A Woman"s Memories. Salmon P. Chase"s Home Life," NYTrib, February 15, 1891.
Lincoln was back on the campaign trail: Baringer, Lincoln"s Rise to Power, p. 124; entry for December 2, 1859, Lincoln Day by Day, Vol. II, pp. 26667.
"the attempt...electioneering dodge": "Second Speech at Leavenworth, Kansas," December 5, 1859, synopsis of speech printed in the Leavenworth Times, December 6, 1859, in CW, III, p. 503.
"make the gallows...the cross": Ralph Waldo Emerson, "Courage," November 7, 1859, lecture in Boston, as reported by the NYTrib, quoted in John McAleer, Ralph Waldo Emerson: Days of Encounter (Boston and Toronto: Little, Brown, 1984), p. 532.
"great courage"..."rare unselfishness": Elwood Free Press on AL, "Speech at Elwood, Kansas," December 1 [November 30?], 1859, in CW, III, p. 496.
"that cannot...think himself right": AL, "Speech at Leavenworth, Kansas," December 3, 1859, in ibid., p. 502.
Republican National Committee at Astor House: Luthin, The First Lincoln Campaign, pp. 2021.
"attach more consequence": AL to Norman B. Judd, December 14, 1859, in CW, III, p. 509.
"good neutral ground...an even chance": Archie Jones, "The 1860 Republican Convention," transcript of Chicago station WAAF radio broadcast, May 16, 1960, Chicago Historical Society, Chicago, Ill.
"carefully kept...on the nomination": Whitney, Lincoln the Citizen, Vol. I, p. 285.
"promised that...furnished free": Press and Tribune, Chicago, December 27, 1859.
Chicago beat St. Louis by a single vote: Luthin, The First Lincoln Campaign, p. 21.
"a cheap excursion...of the State": Whitney, Lincoln the Citizen, Vol. I, p. 285.
"I like the place...take exception to it": John Bigelow to WHS, January 18, 1860, reel 59, Seward Papers.
"Had the convention...been the nominee": Charles Gibson, "Edward Bates," Missouri Historical Society Collections II (January 1900), p. 55.
"there is not...not much of me": AL to Jesse W. Fell, December 20, 1859, in CW, III, p. 511.
"a wild region...in the woods": AL, "Autobiography by Abraham Lincoln, enclosed with Lincoln to Jesse W. Fell," December 20, 1859, in ibid., p. 511.
"If any thing...written by myself": AL to Jesse W. Fell, December 20, 1859, in ibid., p. 511.
he received an invitation: James A. Briggs to AL, October 12, 1859, Lincoln Papers; Harold Holzer, Lincoln at Cooper Union: The Speech That Made Abraham Lincoln President (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2004), p. 10.
"His clothes were travel-stained...for Monday night": Henry C. Bowen, paraphrased in Henry B. Rankin, Intimate Character Sketches of Abraham Lincoln (Philadelphia and London: J. B. Lippincott Co., 1924), pp. 17980.