"Radiation laboratory."
"Well, that"s not so bad. I"d like to have a go at the matter or rocket fuels myself. I"ve got some ideas."
Harper looked mildly amused. "You mean atomic fuel for interplanetary flight? That problem"s pretty well exhausted. No, son, the stratosphere is the ceiling until we think up something better than rockets. Of course, you could mount the bomb in a ship, and figure out some jury rig to convert its radiant output into push, but where does that get you? One bomb, one ship--and twenty years of mining in Little America has only produced enough pitchblende to make one bomb. That"s disregarding the question of getting the company to lend you their one bomb for anything that doesn"t pay dividends."
Erickson looked balky. "I don"t concede that you"ve covered all the alternatives. What have we got? The early rocket boys went right ahead trying to build better rockets, serene in the belief that, by the time they could build rockets good enough to fly to the Moon, a fuel would be perfected that would do the trick. And they did build ships that were good enough--you could take any ship that makes the antipodes run, and refit it for the Moon--if you had a fuel that was sufficiently concentrated to maintain the necessary push for the whole run. But they haven"t got it.
"And why not? Because we let "em down, that"s why. Because they"re still depending on molecular energy, on chemical reactions, with atomic power sitting right here in our laps. It"s not their fault--old D. D.
Harriman had Rockets Consolidated underwrite the whole first issue of Antarctic Pitchblende, and took a big slice of it himself, in the expectation that we would produce something usable in the way of a concentrated rocket fuel.
Did we do it? Like h.e.l.l! The company went hog-wild for immediate commercial exploitation, and there"s no fuel yet."
"But you haven"t stated it properly," Harper objected. "There are just two forms of atomic power available, radioactivity and atomic disintegration.
The first is too slow; the energy is there, but you can"t wait years for it to come out--not in a rocketship. The second we can only manage in a large ma.s.s of uranium. There has only been enough uranium mined for one bomb.
There you are--stymied."
Erickson"s Scandinavian stubbornness was just gathering for another try at the argument when the waiter arrived with the drinks. He set them down with a triumphant flourish. "There you are, suh!"
"Want to roll for them, Izzy?" Harper inquired.
"Don" mind if I do."
The Negro produced a leather dice cup, and Harper rolled. He selected his combinations with care and managed to get four aces and a jack in three rolls. Israfel took the cup. He rolled in the grand manner with a backward twist to his wrist. His score finished at five kings, and he courteously accepted the price of six drinks. Harper stirred the engraved cubes with his forefinger.
"Izzy," he asked, "are these the same dice I rolled with?"
"Why, Mistuh Harper!" The Negro"s expression was pained.
"Skip it," Harper conceded. "I should know better than to gamble with you.
I haven"t won a roll from you in six weeks. What did you start to say, Gus?"
"I was just going to say that there ought to be a better way to get energy out of--" But they were joined again, this time by something very seductive in an evening gown that appeared to have been sprayed on her lush figure. She was young, perhaps nineteen or twenty. "You boys lonely?" she asked as she flowed into a chair.
"Nice of you to ask, but we"re not," Erickson denied with patient politeness. He jerked a thumb at a solitary figure seated across the room.
"Go talk to Hannigan; he"s not busy."
She followed his gesture with her eyes, and answered with faint scorn: "Him? He"s no use. He"s been like that for three weeks--hasn"t spoken to a soul. If you ask me, I"d say that he was cracking up."
"That so?" he observed noncommittally. "Here"--he fished out a five-dollar bill and handed it to her--"buy yourself a drink. Maybe we"ll look you up later."
"Thanks, boys." The money disappeared under her clothing, and she stood up.
"Just ask for Edith."
"Hannigan does look bad," Harper considered, noting the brooding stare and apathetic att.i.tude, "and he has been awfully stand-offish lately for him.
Do you suppose we"re obliged to report him?"
"Don"t let it worry you," advised Erickson. "There"s a spotter on the job now. Look." Harper followed his companion"s eyes and recognized Dr. Mott of the psychological staff. He was leaning against the far end of the bar, and nursing a tall gla.s.s, which gave him protective coloration. But his stance was such that his field of vision included not only Hannigan, but Erickson and Harper as well.
"Yeah, and he"s studying us as well," Harper added. "d.a.m.n it to h.e.l.l, why does it make my back hair rise just to lay eyes on one of them?"
The question was rhetorical; Erickson ignored it. "Let"s get out of here," he suggested, "and have dinner somewhere else."
"O. K.".
DeLancey himself waited on them as they left. "Going so soon, gentlemen?" he asked, in a voice that implied that their departure would leave him no reason to stay open. "Beautiful lobster thermidor tonight. If you do not like it, you need not pay." He smiled brightly.
"Not sea food, Lance," Harper told him, "not tonight. Tell me--why do you stick around here when you know that the bomb is bound to get you in the long run? Aren"t you afraid of it?"
The tavernkeeper"s eyebrows shot up. "Afraid of the bomb? But it is my friend!"
"Makes you money, eh?"
"Oh, I do not mean that." He leaned toward them confidentially. "Five years ago I come here to make some money quickly for my family before my cancer of the stomach, it kills me. At the clinic, with the wonderful new radiants you gentlemen make with the aid of the bomb, I am cured--I live again. No, I am not afraid of the bomb; it is my good friend."
"Suppose it blows up?"
"When the good Lord needs me, He will take me." He crossed himself quickly.
As they turned away, Erickson commented in a low voice to Harper, "There"s your answer, Cal--if all us engineers had his faith, the bomb wouldn"t get us down."
Harper was unconvinced. "I don"t know," he mused. "I don"t think it"s faith; I think it"s lack of imagination--and knowledge."
Notwithstanding King"s confidence, Lentz did not show up until the next day. The superintendent was subconsciously a little surprised at his visitor"s appearance. He had pictured a master psychologist as wearing flowing hair, an imperial, and having piercing black eyes. But this man was not very tall, was heavy in his framework, and fat--almost gross. He might have been a butcher. Little, piggy, faded-blue eyes peered merrily out from beneath s.h.a.ggy blond brows. There was no hair anywhere else on the enormous skull, and the apelike jaw was smooth and pink. He was dressed in mussed pajamas of unbleached linen. A long cigarette holder jutted permanently from one corner of a wide mouth, widened still more by a smile which suggested unmalicious amus.e.m.e.nt at the worst that life, or men, could do.
He had gusto.
King found him remarkably easy to talk to.
At Lentz"s suggestion the superintendent went first into the history of the atomic power plant, how the fission of the uranium atom by Dr. Otto Hahn in December, 1938, had opened up the way to atomic power.
The door was opened just a crack; the process to be self-perpetuating and commercially usable required an enormously greater ma.s.s of uranium than there was available in the entire civilized world at that time.
But the discovery, fifteen years later, of enormous deposits of pitchblende in the old rock underlying Little America removed that obstacle. The deposits were similar to those previously worked at Great Bear Lake in the arctic north of Canada, but so much more extensive that the eventual possibility of acc.u.mulating enough uranium to build an atomic power plant became evident.
The demand for commercially usable, cheap power had never been satiated.
Even the Douglas-Martin sunpower screens, used to drive the roaring road cities of the period and for a myriad other industrial purposes, were not sufficient to fill the ever-growing demand. They had saved the country from impending famine of oil and coal, but their maximum output of approximately one horsepower per square yard of sun-illuminated surface put a definite limit to the power from that source available in any given geographical area.
Atomic power was needed--was demanded.
But theoretical atomic physics predicted that a uranium ma.s.s sufficiently large to a.s.sist in its own disintegration might a.s.sist too well-blow up instantaneously, with such force that it would probably wreck every man-made structure on the globe and conceivably destroy the entire human race as well. They dared not build the bomb, even though the uranium was available.
"It was Destry"s mechanics of infinitesimals that showed a way out of the dilemma," King went on. "His equations appeared to predict that an atomic explosion, once started, would disrupt the molar ma.s.s inclosing it so rapidly that neutron loss through the outer surface of the fragments would dampen the progression of the atomic explosion to zero before complete explosion could be reached.
"For the ma.s.s we use in the bomb, his equations predict a possible force of explosion one seventh of one percent of the force of complete explosion.
That alone, of course, would be incomprehensibly destructive-about the equivalent of a hundred and forty thousand tons of TNT-enough to wreck this end of the State. Personally, I"ve never been sure that is all that would happen."
"Then why did you accept this job?" inquired Lentz.
King fiddled with items on his desk before replying. "I couldn"t turn it down, doctor--I couldn"t. If I had refused, they would have gotten someone else--and it was an opportunity that comes to a physicist once in history."
Lentz nodded. "And probably they would have gotten someone not as competent. I understand, Dr. King--you were compelled by the "truthtropism" of the scientist. He must go where the data is to be found, even if it kills him. But about this fellow Destry, I"ve never liked his mathematics; he postulates too much."
King looked up in quick surprise, then recalled that this was the man who had refined and given rigor to the calculus of statement. "That"s just the hitch," he agreed. "His work is brilliant, but I"ve never been sure that his predictions were worth the paper they were written on. Nor, apparently," he added bitterly, "do my junior engineers."
He told the psychiatrist of the difficulties they had had with personnel, of how the most carefully selected men would, sooner or later, crack under the strain. "At first I thought it might be some degenerating effect from the hard radiation that leaks out of the bomb, so we improved the screening and the personal armor. But it didn"t help. One young fellow who had joined us after the new screening was installed became violent at dinner one night, and insisted that a pork chop was about to explode. I hate to think of what might have happened if he had been on duty at the bomb when he blew up."
The inauguration of the system of constant psychological observation had greatly reduced the probability of acute danger resulting from a watch engineer cracking up, but King was forced to admit that the system was not a success; there had actually been a marked increase in psychoneuroses, dating from that time.
"And that"s the picture, Dr. Lentz. It gets worse all the time. It"s getting me now. The strain is telling on me; I can"t sleep, and I don"t think my judgment is as good as it used to be--I have trouble making up my mind, of coming to a decision. Do you think you can do anything for us?"
But Lentz had no immediate relief for his anxiety. "Not so fast, superintendent," he countered. "You have given me the background, but I have no real data as yet. I must look around for a while, smell out the situation for myself, talk to your engineers, perhaps have a few drinks with them, and get acquainted. That is possible, is it not?
Then in a few days, maybe, we"ll know where we stand."
King had no alternative but to agree.
"And it is well that your young men do not know what I am here for.
Suppose I am your old friend, a visiting physicist, eh?"
"Why, yes--of course. I can see to it that that idea gets around. But say--" King was reminded again of something that had bothered him from the time Silard had first suggested Lentz"s name, "may I ask a personal question?"
The merry eyes were undisturbed. "Go ahead."
"I can"t help but be surprised that one man should attain eminence in two such widely differing fields as psychology and mathematics. And right now I"m perfectly convinced of your ability to pa.s.s yourself off as a physicist. I don"t understand it."
The smile was more amused, without being in the least patronizing, nor offensive. "Same subject," he answered.
"Eh? How"s that--"
"Or rather, both mathematical physics and psychology are branches of the same subject, symbology. You are a specialist; it would not necessarily come to your attention."
"I still don"t follow you."
"No? Man lives in a world of ideas. Any phenomenon is so complex that he cannot possibly grasp the whole of it. He abstracts certain characteristics of a given phenomenon as an idea, then represents that idea as a symbol, be it a word or a mathematical sign. Human reaction is almost entirely reaction to symbols, and only negligibly to phenomena. As a matter of fact," he continued, removing the cigarette holder from his mouth and settling into his subject, "it can be demonstrated that the human mind can think only in terms of symbols.
"When we think, we let symbols operate on other symbols in certain, set fashions--rules of logic, or rules of mathematics. If the symbols have been abstracted so that they are structurally similar to the phenomena they stand for, and if the symbol operations are similar in structure and order to the operations of phenomena in the real world, we think sanely. If our logic-mathematics, or our word-symbols, have been poorly chosen, we think not sanely.
"In mathematical physics you are concerned with making your symbology fit physical phenomena. In psychiatry I am concerned with precisely the same thing, except that I am more immediately concerned with the man who does the thinking than with the phenomena he is thinking about.
But the same subject, always the same subject."
"We"re not getting any place, Gus." Harper put down his slide rule and frowned.
"Seems like it, Cal," Erickson grudgingly admitted. "d.a.m.n it, though --there ought to be some reasonable way of tackling the problem. What do we need? Some form of concentrated, controllable power for rocket fuel. What have we got? Power galore in the bomb. There must be some way to bottle that power, and serve it out when we need it--and the answer is some place in one of the radioactive series. I know it." He stared glumly around the laboratory as if expecting to find the answer written somewhere on the lead-sheathed walls.
"Don"t be so down in the mouth about it. You"ve got me convinced there is an answer; let"s figure out how to find it. In the first place the three natural radioactive series are out, aren"t they?"
"Yes--at least we had agreed that all that ground had been fully covered before."
"O. K.; we have to a.s.sume that previous investigators have done what their notes show they have done--otherwise we might as well not believe anything, and start checking on everybody from Archimedes to date.
Maybe that is indicated, but Methuselah himself couldn"t carry out such an a.s.signment.
What have we got left?"
"Artificial radioactives."
"All right. Let"s set up a list of them, both those that have been made up to now, and those that might possibly be made in the future.
Call that our group--or rather, field, if you want to be pedantic about definitions.
There are a limited number of operations that can be performed on each member of the group, and on the members in combination. Set it up."
Erickson did so, using the curious curlicues of the calculus of statement.
Harper nodded. "All right--expand it."
Erickson looked up after a few moments, and asked, "Cal, have you any idea how many terms there are in the expansion?"
"No--hundreds, maybe thousands, I suppose."
"You"re conservative. It reaches four figures without considering possible new radioactives. We couldn"t finish such a research in a century." He chucked his pencil down and looked morose.
Cal Harper looked at him curiously, but with sympathy. "Gus," he said gently, "the bomb isn"t getting you, too, is it?"
"I don"t think so. Why?"
"I never saw you so willing to give up anything before. Naturally you and I will never finish any such job, but at the very worst we will have eliminated a lot of wrong answers for somebody else. Look at Edison-sixty years of experimenting, twenty hours a day, yet he never found out the one thing he was most interested in knowing. I guess if he could take it, we can."
Erickson pulled out of his funk to some extent. "I suppose so," he agreed.
"Anyhow, maybe we could work out some techniques for carrying a lot of experiments simultaneously."
Harper slapped him on the shoulder. "That"s the ol" fight. Besides-we may not need to finish the research, or anything like it, to find a satisfactory fuel. The way I see it, there are probably a dozen, maybe a hundred, right answers. We may run across one of them any day.
Anyhow, since you"re willing to give me a hand with it in your off-watch time, I"m game to peck away at it till h.e.l.l freezes."
Lentz puttered around the plant and the administration center for several days, until he was known to everyone by sight. He made himself pleasant and asked questions. He was soon regarded as a harmless nuisance, to be tolerated because he was a friend of the superintendent. He even poked his nose into the commercial power end of the plant, and had the mercury-steam-turbogenerator sequence explained to him in detail. This alone would have been sufficient to disarm any suspicion that he might be a psychiatrist, for the staff psychiatrists paid no attention to the hard-bitten technicians of the power-conversion unit. There was no need to; mental instability on their part could not affect the bomb, nor were they subject to the man-killing strain of social responsibility. Theirs was simply a job personally dangerous, a type of strain strong men have been inured to since the jungle.