Office of Finance, June 14th, 1782.
Sir,
Mr Merrill in a letter of the seventh instant informs me, that your Excellency requested him to delay the publication of receipts for your State. I am convinced, Sir, that you had good reasons for this request, and wish it were in my power still further to gratify your wishes. But I am under the necessity of insisting on the publication for the following reasons--1st, To obviate the charge of partiality, if made in one State and not in others. 2dly, To show the deficiency of means granted for carrying on the war. 3dly, Thereby to exonerate those who are immediately responsible. And, 4thly, to direct the public to the real cause of our calamities.
Your Excellency well knows that it is common for representatives to aim at popularity, by lessening or procrastinating the taxes of their const.i.tuents. It is proper, therefore, that the people should know the situation to which such conduct reduces them.
I have the honor to be, &c.
ROBERT MORRIS.
TO JAMES LOVELL OF Ma.s.sACHUSETTS.
Office of Finance, June 16th 1782.
Sir,
I have received this day your letter of the sixth instant. I find the publications of "_no receipts_" are by no means very pleasing. Men are less ashamed to do wrong, than vexed to be told of it. Mr Merrill of Connecticut delayed his publication in consequence of a request from the Governor. This he informed me of by letter, and I enclose you a copy of my answer. It contains some of the reasons why I insist on such publications, and I send them to you because I think I can at this distance perceive, that some men will desire to know those reasons from you.
I know it will be alleged that from such publications the enemy will derive information, but I am convinced they will gain all the knowledge of that sort, which they want, without our newspapers; for the collection of taxes is a matter of too great notoriety to be concealed, and therefore I have long considered such arguments as mere excuses to keep the people in ignorance, and deceive them under pretext of deceiving their enemies.
I am, Sir, your most obedient, &c.
ROBERT MORRIS.
TO GEORGE WASHINGTON.
Office of Finance, June 21st, 1782.
Sir,
I am informed that several of our officers have left behind them in New York considerable sums of money unpaid, which had been advanced to them while they were prisoners. The humanity of those, who have made such advances, as well as the principles of justice, requires that they should be repaid. But there is another reason which has considerable weight on my mind. The establishment of a credit among our enemies by the punctual payment of such debts will induce them again to make advances, should the chance of war place any of our unfortunate officers in a situation to render it necessary. I am therefore to request of your Excellency (should you agree with me in opinion) that you would take measures to cause the amount of those debts to be particularly ascertained, in order that I may devise some means of discharging them as soon as the state of the treasury will permit.
I am, Sir, &c.
ROBERT MORRIS.
TO THE GOVERNOR OF RHODE-ISLAND.
Office of Finance, June 26th, 1782.
Sir,
Finding that your State has made advances of pay to their troops, it becomes my duty to inform your Excellency, that Congress included in their estimates, amounting to eight millions, the sums necessary for paying the army; of consequence there can be no use in making such payments by the several States. I must also observe, Sir, that partial payments or supplies of any kind have been found by experience to give general dissatisfaction, and therefore the determination to discontinue them has been long since adopted.
The variety of accounts also is dangerous and expensive, and therefore to be avoided. I might add other reasons why such payments by the States cannot be admitted in abatement of their respective quotas. The same reasons also operate against the admission of charges for supplies of any kind, or certificates thereof as deductions from those quotas. I have written to Mr Olney on the subject, the 23d instant; and am now to pray your Excellency"s attention and a.s.sistance to prevent such irregularities in future. The more our operations are simplified, the better will they be understood, and the more satisfactorily will they be conducted. Congress have asked for men and money. Those granted, they will ask for nothing more, and I persuade myself, that if consistently with the confederation, they could confine their requisitions to money alone, the people at large would derive relief from it, the Legislature would act with greater ease, and our resources be applied with greater vigor.
I have the honor to be, &c.
ROBERT MORRIS.
TO GEORGE WASHINGTON.
Office of Finance, June 29th, 1782.
Dear Sir,
I have received your favors of the 8th and 16th instant, the former enclosing alterations proposed in the present mode of issues, and the latter a copy of your circular letter to the States of the 4th of May.
I pray you to accept my thanks for these communications. I consent to the alterations mentioned, and shall be very happy that harmony be restored; for I do a.s.sure you that let the cause of disputes be what it may, I am extremely sorry to find that any exist.
I find that you have misunderstood that part of my letter which relates to the complaints of the officers. My design was not to oppose any arrangement which might contribute to their convenience. I only meant to show that their convenience having been consulted in the first instance, the mode had excited uneasiness, and that the endeavor to remove that uneasiness having excited complaint and remonstrance, the direct compliance with the reasoning adopted by them would produce greater hardship, than that which was complained of. Hence follows the inference which was on my mind, that a spirit of accommodation alone could place all parties at their ease, and I supposed that the interest of the contractors on one hand, and the convenience of the army on the other, would produce that accommodating disposition in both. I am happy to find that matters are now in a train towards that desirable end, and much lament that it has not sooner arrived.
I shall close what I have to say on this subject, by a.s.suring you most confidentially, that I will to the utmost of my power do justice, and bring relief to both officers and soldiers, but as these things can only be effected by exact method and economy, so I must pursue that method and economy, as the only means by which the desired end can be obtained.
With respect to the civil list, I shall say but one or two words. I know well the connexion, which ties together all the public servants, and I lament every comparison, which implies a distinction between them. The civil list consists chiefly of persons whose salaries will not do more than find them food and clothing. Many of them complain, that with great parsimony they cannot obtain even those necessaries.
The difference then between them and the army, supposing the latter to get but four months" pay out of twelve, is that both would be alike subsisted, and the army would have an arrearage of eight months" pay to receive at a future period, but the civil list would have to receive nothing.
I am, my Dear Sir, &c.
ROBERT MORRIS.
TO B. FRANKLIN.
Office of Finance, July 1st, 1782.
Sir,
I have deferred until this moment my answer to your letters of the 4th, 9th, and 30th, of March, in expectation that I should have heard from you by the Marquis de Lafayette. A vessel now about to depart induces me to address you. I enclose an Act of Congress, by which you are empowered to adjust the public accounts with the Court of France.
I wish this may be done, and the amount transmitted hither, that arrangements may be taken for ascertaining the times and the modes of payment. You will at the same time observe, that it is determined to appoint a commissioner for liquidating and finally adjusting the accounts of the public servants of Congress in Europe.
The Minister here, in a letter to me of the 25th of May last, gives the following state of moneys granted by France, viz.
"These advances have been made at the following periods, and are payable with interest, according to the obligations and acknowledgements of Dr Franklin.
"In 1778, 3,000,000 1779, 1,000,000 1780, 4,000,000 1781, 10,000,000 ---------- Total 18,000,000
"From this sum must be deducted the gratuitous subsidy of last year, 6,000,000 ---------- Remains 12,000,000
"To this must be added, 1st. The produce of the loan in Holland, 10,000,000 2dly. The loan made by his Majesty for the current year, 6,000,000 ---------- "Capital of the debt due to His Majesty by the United States, 28,000,000"