(Philadelphia, 1824.)
BOOKS OF TRAVEL BY FOREIGNERS
ABDY, E.S. _Journal of a Residence and Tour in the United States from April, 1833, to October, 1834_. Three volumes. (London, 1835.) Abdy was a fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge.
ALLIOT, PAUL. _Reflexions historiques et politigues sur la Louisiane_.
(Cleveland, 1911.) Good for economic conditions. Valuable for information concerning New Orleans about the beginning of the nineteenth century.
ARFWEDSON, C.D. _The United States and Canada in 1833 and 1834_. Two volumes. (London, 1834.) Somewhat helpful.
BREMER, FREDERIKA. _The Homes of the New World; Impressions of America_. Translated by M. Howitt. Two volumes. (London, 1853.) The teaching of Negroes in the South is mentioned in several places.
BRISSOT DE WARVILLE, J.P. _New Travels in the United States of America: including the Commerce of America with Europe, particularly with Great Britain and France_. Two volumes. (London, 1794.) Gives general impressions, few details.
BUCKINGHAM, J.S. _America, Historical, Statistical, and Descriptive_.
Two volumes. (New York, 1841.)
---- _Eastern and Western States of America_. Three volumes. (London and Paris, 1842.) Contains useful information.
BULLOCK, W. _Sketch of a Journey through the Western States of North America from New Orleans by the Mississippi, Ohio, City of Cincinnati, and Falls of Niagara to New York_. (London, 1827.) The author makes mention of the condition of the Negroes.
c.o.kE, THOMAS. _Extracts from the Journals of the Rev. Dr. c.o.ke"s Three Visits to America_. (London, 1790.) Contains general information.
---- _A Journal of the Reverend Doctor c.o.ke"s Fourth Tour on the Continent of America_. (London, 1792.) Brings out the interest of this churchman in the elevation of the Negroes.
c.u.mING, F. _Sketches of a Tour to the Western Country through the States of Kentucky and Ohio; a Voyage down the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers and a Trip through the Mississippi Territory and Part of West Florida, Commenced at Philadelphia in the Winter of 1807 and Concluded in 1809_. (Pittsburg, 1810.) Gives a few facts.
FAUX, W. _Venerable Days in America_. (London, 1823.) A "journal of a tour in the United States princ.i.p.ally undertaken to ascertain by positive evidence, the condition and probable prospects of British emigrants, including accounts of Mr. Kirkbeck"s settlement in Illinois and intended to show men and things as they are in America." The Negroes are casually mentioned.
HUMBOLDT, FRIEDRICH HEINRICH ALEXANDER, FREIHERR VON. _The Travels and Researches of Friedrich Heinrich Alexander von Humboldt._ (London, 1833.) The author gives a "condensed narrative of his journeys in the equinoctial regions in America and in Asiatic Russia." The work contains also a.n.a.lyses of his important investigations. He throws a little light on the condition of the mixed breeds of the Western Hemisphere.
KEMBLE, FRANCES ANNE. _Journal of a Residence on a Plantation in 1838-1839._ (New York, 1863.) This diary is quoted extensively as one of the best sources for Southern conditions before the Civil War.
LAMBERT, JOHN. _Travels through Canada and the United States, in the Years 1806, 1807, and 1808._ Two volumes. (London, 1813.) To this journal are added notices and anecdotes of some of the leading characters in the United States. This traveler saw the Negroes.
PONS, FRANcOIS RAYMOND DE. _Travels in Parts of South America, during the Years 1801, 1802, 1803, and 1804._ (London, 1806.) Contains a description of Caracas; an account of the laws, commerce, and natural productions of that country; and a view of the customs and manners of the Spaniards and native Indians. Negroes are mentioned.
PRIEST, WILLIAM. _Travels in the United States Commencing in the Year 1793 and ending in the Year 1797._ (London, 1802.) Priest made two voyages across the Atlantic to appear at the theaters of Baltimore, Boston, and Philadelphia. He had something to say about the condition of the Negroes.
ROCHEFOUCAULD-LIANCOURT, DUC DE. _Travels through the United States of America, the Country of the Iroquois, and Upper Canada in the Years 1795, 1796, and 1797._ (London, 1799.) The author discusses the att.i.tude of the people toward the uplift of the Negroes.
SCHOEPF, JOHANN DAVID. _Reise durch der Mittlern und Sudlichen Vereinigten Nordamerikanischen Staaten nach Ost-Florida und den Bahama Inseln unternommen in den Jahren 1783 und 1784._ (Cincinnati, 1812.) A translation of this work was published by Alfred J. Morrison at Philadelphia in 1911. Gives general impressions.
SMYTH, J.F.D. _A Tour in the United States_. (London, 1848.) This writer incidentally mentions the people of color.
SUTCLIFF, ROBERT. _Travels in Some Parts of North America in the Years 1804, 1805, and 1806_. (Philadelphia, 1812.) While traveling in slave territory Sutcliff studied the mental condition of the colored people.
BOOKS OF TRAVEL BY AMERICANS
BROWN, DAVID. _The Planter, or Thirteen Years in the South_.
(Philadelphia, 1853.) Here we get a Northern white man"s view of the heathenism of the Negroes.
BURKE, EMILY. _Reminiscences of Georgia_. (Oberlin, Ohio, 1850.) Presents the views of a woman who was interested in the uplift of the Negro race.
EVANS, ESTWICK. _A Pedestrious Tour of Four Thousand Miles through the Western States and Territories during the Winter and Spring of 1818_.
(Concord, N.H., 1819.) Among the many topics treated is the author"s contention that the Negro is capable of the highest mental development.
OLMSTED, FREDERICK LAW. _A Journey in the Seaboard Slave States, with Remarks on their Economy_. (New York, 1859.)
---- _A Journey in the Back Country_. (London, i860.)
---- _Journeys and Explorations in the Cotton Kingdom_. (London, 1861.) Olmsted was a New York farmer. He recorded a few important facts about the education of the Negroes immediately before the Civil War.
PARSONS, E.G. _Inside View of Slavery, or a Tour among the Planters_.
(Boston, 1855.) The introduction was written by Harriet Beecher Stowe.
It was published to aid the antislavery cause, but in describing the condition of Negroes the author gave some educational statistics.
REDPATH, JAMES. _The Roving Editor, or Talks with Slaves in Southern States_. (New York 1859.) The slaves are here said to be telling their own story.
SMEDES, MRS. SUSAN (DABNEY). _Memorials of a Southern Planter_.
(Baltimore, 1887.) The benevolence of those masters who had their slaves taught in spite of public opinion and the law, is well brought out in this volume.
TOWER, REVEREND PHILO. _Slavery Unmasked_. (Rochester, 1856.) Valuable chiefly for the author"s arraignment of the so-called religious instruction of the Negroes after the reactionary period.
WOOLMAN, JOHN. _Journal of John Woolman, with an Introduction by John G. Whittier_. (Boston, 1873.) Woolman traveled so extensively in the colonies that he probably knew more about the mental state of the Negroes than any other Quaker of his time.
LETTERS
JEFFERSON, THOMAS. Letters of Thomas Jefferson to Abbe Gregoire, M.A. Julien, and Benjamin Banneker. In _Jefferson"s Works_, Memorial Edition, xii. and xv. He comments on Negroes" talents.
MADISON, JAMES. Letter to Prances Wright. _In Madison"s Works_, vol.
iii., p. 396. The training of Negroes is discussed.
MAY, SAMUEL JOSEPH. _The Right of the Colored People to Education_.
(Brooklyn, 1883.) A collection of public letters addressed to Andrew T. Judson, remonstrating on the unjust procedure relative to Miss Prudence Crandall.
MCDONOGH, JOHN. "A Letter of John McDonogh on African Colonization addressed to the Editor of _The New Orleans Commercial Bulletin_,"
McDonogh was interested in the betterment of the colored people and did much to promote their mental development.
SHARPE, H. ED. _The Abolition of Negro Apprenticeship_. A letter to Lord Brougham. (London, 1838.)
_A Southern Spy, or Curiosities of Negro Slavery in the South. Letters from a Southern to a Northern Gentleman_. The comment of a pa.s.ser-by.
_A Letter to an American Planter from his Friend in London in 1781_.
The writer discussed the instruction of Negroes.