Without having any charges placed against him, Berg was held until the next morning, when McRae and a deputy took him out in a roadster to a lonely spot on the county road. Forcing him to dismount, McRae ordered Berg to walk to Seattle under threats of death if he returned, and then knocked Berg down and kicked him in the groin as he lay prostrate. McRae was drunk. Berg subsequently developed a severe rupture as a result of this treatment. He managed to make his way to Seattle and in spite of his condition returned to Everett that same night.
Undaunted by their previous deportations, and determined to circ.u.mvent the deputies who were seizing men from the railroad trains and regular boats, a body of free speech fighters, on September 9th, took the train to Mukilteo, a village about four miles from Everett, and there, by pre-arrangement, were taken aboard the launch "Wanderer."
The little boat would not hold the entire party and six men were towed behind in a large dory. There were 17 first cla.s.s life preservers on board, the captain borrowing some to supplement his equipment.
When the "Wanderer" reached a point about a mile and a half from the Weyerhouser dock a boat was seen approaching. It was the scab tug "Edison," belonging to the American Tugboat Company. On board was Captain Harry Ramwell, Sheriff McRae and a body of about sixty deputies.
When the "Edison" was about 200 feet away the sheriff commenced shooting--but let Captain Jack Mitten tell his own story.
"The first shot went over the bow. I don"t know whether there was one or two shots fired, then there was a shot struck right over my head onto the big cast iron m.u.f.fler. The next shot came on thru the boat,--I had my bunk strapped up against the wall,--and thru the blanket,--and the cotton in the blanket turned the bullet,--and it struck flat on the bottom of the bunk.
"I shut the engine down and went out to the stern door and just as I stepped out there was a shot went right by my head and at the same time McRae hollered out and says "You son-of-a-b--, you come over here!" Says I, "If you want me, you come over here." With that they brought their boat and my boat up together. Six shots in all were fired.
"McRae commenced to take the people off the boat and when he had them all off he kicked the pilot house open and says, "Oho, there is a woman here!" Mrs. Frennette was sitting in the pilot house. Anyhow, they took her and he says, "You"ll get a one piece suit on McNeil"s island for this," and then he says to Cap Ramwell--Cap Ramwell was sitting on the side--"This is Oscar Lindstrom, drag him along too."
"Then they were going to make fast the line--they had made fast my stern line--and as I bent over with the line McRae struck me with his revolver on the back of the head, and when I straightened up he struck me in here, a revolver about that long. (Indicating.) I said something to him and then he ran the revolver right in here in my groin and he ruptured me at the same time. I told him "It"s a fine way of using a citizen." He says, "You"re a h.e.l.l of a citizen, bringing in a bunch like that," he says, "to cause a riot in this town." I says, "Well, they are all union men anyway." He says, "You shut your d.a.m.n head or I will knock it clean off!" and I guess he would, because he had whiskey enough in him at the time to do it.
"There was a small man, I believe they call him Miller, he saw him standing there and he says, "You here, too?" and he hauled off and struck him in the temple and the blood flowed way down over his face and shirt. He struck him again and staggered him. If he hadn"t struck him so he would have gone inboard, he would have gone over the edge, close to the edge.
"Then there was a man by the name of Berg, it seemed he knowed John Berg. He said, "You ----, I will fix you so you will never come back!"
and then he went at Berg, but Berg was foxy and kept ducking his head.
He rapped him on the shoulders two or three different times, I wouldn"t say how often, but he didn"t draw blood on Berg. (An I. W. W. member named Kurgvel was also beaten on the head and shoulders.)
"They drove us all in alongside of the boiler between the decks, down on the main deck of the "Edison" and kept us there till they docked and got automobiles and the patrol wagon and filed us off into them and took us to jail."
The arrest of Captain Mitten and acting engineer Oscar Lindstrom made twenty-one prisoners in all, and these were jailed without any charge being placed against them. As Berg was taken into the jail, McRae cursed him roundly, ordering two deputies to hold him while a beating was administered over the shoulders and back with a leather strap loaded with lead on the tip.
The men were treated with great brutality within the jail. One young fellow was asked by the deputies, "Are you an I. W. W.?" and each time the lad answered "Yes!" he was thrown violently against the steel walls of the cell, until his body was a ma.s.s of bruises. Mitten was denied a chance to communicate with his Everett friends in order to get bail. The nights were cold and the prisoners had to sleep on the bare floor without blankets.
At the end of nine days all the men were offered their liberty except Mitten. They promptly refused the offer. "All or none!" was their indignant demand, and Peck and Mitten were set at liberty with the rest as a result of this show of solidarity.
Upon his release Captain Mitten found that the life preservers had been stolen from his boat, and the flattened bullet removed from his bunk.
Scotty Fife, the Port Captain of the American Tugboat Company, told Captain Mitten that he had straightened up the things on the "Wanderer!"
Thus to the crimes of unlawful arrest, false imprisonment, theft, deportation, a.s.sault and physical injury, the lumber trust added that of piracy on the high seas. And all this was but a taste of what was yet to come!
Organizer James Rowan returned to Everett from Anacortes on the afternoon of September 11th and was met at the depot by three deputies who promptly took him to the county jail. There were at that time between thirty and forty other members of the I. W. W. being unlawfully held. Rowan learned that these men had been taken from their cells one at a time and beaten by the deputies, Thorne and Dunn having especially severe cuts on the face and head.
Rowan"s story of the outrage that followed gives a glimpse of the methods employed by the lumber trust.
"As soon as I dropped off the train at Everett I was met by three deputies. One of them told me the sheriff wanted to see me and I asked if he was a deputy. He said, "Yes," and showed me a badge. Then I went up with two of the deputies to the county jail. In a minute or two Sheriff McRae came in and he was pretty drunk. He caught hold of me and gave me a yank forward, and he says, "So you are back, eh?" and I says "Yes." And he says "We are going to fix you so you won"t come back any more." There was some more abusive talk and then I was searched and put in a cell.
"Just after dark that night I was taken out of the cell, my stuff was given back, and McRae says, "We are going to start you on the road to Seattle." With a deputy he took me out to the automobile and McRae drove the automobile, and we had some conversation. McRae seemed to feel very sore because I told the people on the street that the jail was lousy, and he says "We wanted you to get out of here and you would not do it, and now," he says, "Now instead of dealing with officers you have to deal with a bunch of b.o.o.b citizens, and there is no telling what these b.o.o.bs will do." There was more talk that is not worth repeating and most of it not fit to repeat anyhow.
"We went out in the country until we came to where the road crosses the interurban tracks about two miles from Silver Lake and McRae told me to get out. He then pointed down the track and says, "There is the road to Seattle and you beat it!" so I started down the track.
"I hadn"t gone far, maybe 50 or 75 yards, when I met a bunch of gunmen.
They came at me with guns. They had clubs and they started to beat me up on the head with the b.u.t.ts of their guns and with the clubs. They all had handkerchiefs over their face except one. They threw a cloth over my head and beat me some more on the head with their gun b.u.t.ts and then they dragged me thru the fence at the right-of-way and went a little ways back into the woods. Then they held me down over a log about eighteen inches or two feet in diameter. There were about a dozen of them I would say. Two or three held each arm and two or three each leg and there were four or five of them holding guns around my ribs--they had the guns close around my ribs all the time, several of them--and they tore my clothes off, tore my shirt and coat off. Then one of them beat me on the back, on the bare back with some kind of a sap, I don"t know just what kind it was, but I could hear him grunt every time he was going to strike a blow. I was struck fifty times or more.
"After he got thru beating me they went back to the fence toward the road and I picked up my scattered belongings and went down to Silver Lake, taking the first car to Seattle."
[Ill.u.s.tration: Organizer James Rowan;
Showing his back lacerated by Lumber Trust thugs.]
Rowan exhibited his badly lacerated and bruised back to several prominent Seattle citizens, and then had a photograph made, which was widely circulated. Contrary to the expectation of the lumber barons this treatment did not deter free speech fighters from carrying on the struggle. Instead, it brought fresh bodies of free speech enthusiasts to the scene within a short period.
The personnel of the free speech committee changed continually because of the arrest of its members. On Sunday, September 10th, at a ma.s.s meeting in Seattle Harry Feinberg and William Roberts were elected to serve. Roberts had just come down from Port Angeles and desired to investigate conditions at first hand, so in company with Feinberg he went to Everett on the 11th. They met Jake Michel, who telephoned to Chief of Police Kelley for permission to hold a street meeting.
"I have no objection to this meeting," replied Kelley, "but wait a minute, you had better call up McRae and find out."
Attempts to reach McRae at the Commercial Club and the sheriff"s office met with failure. Meanwhile Feinberg had gone ahead with the meeting, the following being his sworn statement of what transpired:
"I went to Everett at 7:30 Monday night. I got a box and opened a meeting for the I. W. W. There must have been three thousand people on the corner, against buildings and looking out of the windows.
"I spoke about 35 minutes, with the crowd boisterous in their applause.
Three companies of deputies and vigilantes, about one hundred and fifty thugs in all, marched down the street and divided up in three companies.
One of the deputies came up and told me he wanted me and grabbed me off the box.
"They took me up to the jail, took my description, and my money and valuables, which were not returned. By that time Fellow Worker Roberts was brought in. A drunken deputy came in and grabbed me by the coat and dragged me out of the jail, with the evident permission of the officers.
The vigilantes proceeded to beat me up on the jail steps. There were anyway fifty deputies waiting outside and all of them crowded to get a chance to hit me. They gave me a chance to get away finally and shot after me, or in the air, I could not tell which, but I was not hit by the bullets."
The sworn statement of William Roberts corroborated the foregoing:
"I took the box after Fellow Worker Feinberg had been arrested. The crowd were extreme in their hostility to the lawlessness of the officers. I told them to keep cool, that the I. W. W. would handle the situation, in their own time and way. They arrested me, and, right there, they clubbed me on the head. They brought me to the jail, where Feinberg was at the desk. They took me out of the jail and threw me into the bunch of vigilantes with clubs. They started beating me around the body. One of them said: "Do anything, but don"t kill him!"
"Finally one of them hit me on the head and I came out of it and as I was getting away they shot in the air. A bunch of them then jumped into an automobile, came after me and again clubbed me. One of them knocked me out for ten minutes, according to one of the women who were watching.
"While we were in the jail, two men we did not know were brought into the jail with their heads cut open. The vigilantes were clubbing women right and left, and a young girl, about eight years of age, had her head cut open by one of Sheriff McRae"s Commercial Club tools."
Roberts ran down the street to the interurban depot, where he hid behind a freight car until just before the car left for Seattle. Feinberg, with his face and clothing covered with blood, got on the same car about a mile and a half from Everett and the two returned to Seattle.
John Ovist, a resident of Mukilteo who had joined the I. W. W. in Everett on Labor Day, got on the box and said, "Fellow comrades----" but got no further. He was knocked from the box. Ovist states: "Mr. Henig was standing alongside of me when Sheriff McRae came up and cracked him over the forehead with a club. I don"t know what else happened to him for just then Sheriff McRae came in front of me and pushed the fellow off the box. When the two fellows were arrested I started to speak and McRae took me and turned me over to one of them--I don"t know what you call them--deputies, or whatever they are. He had a white handkerchief around his neck and he took me toward the county jail. There was a policeman standing in front of the jail. If I am not mistaken his name is Ryan, a short heavy-set fellow. I walked by him. Of course, I never thought he was going to hit me, but I felt something over behind. He hit me with a club behind the ear and cut my head until it was bleeding awful."
"When we came to the county jail, Henig, he was in there already. His face was red and he was full of blood. And they took us into the toilet to have us wash the blood off, and when I came back I heard screams and pounding.
"Then the sheriff recognized me, he had been down in Mukilteo before, and he says, "What are you doing up here?" I said, "Well, I didn"t come up here, they brought me up here." He says, "You are a member of the I.
W. W., too." So I told him, "I don"t see why I should come and ask you what organization I should belong to!" So he opened the gate and says, "Here is a fellow from Mukilteo," he says. "Beat it!" And I seen, I guess--a hundred and fifty or maybe two hundred, I didn"t have time to count them, right out back of the jail lined up in lines on either side.
And I had to run between them and come out the other end. They banged me on the head with clubs, and all over. I looked bad and I felt worse. I had blue marks on my shoulders and on my hips and under my knees.
"I got thru them and there was a couple ran after me, but I beat it ahead of them. I guess they intended to club me. I ran down to that depot where the electric car goes thru to Seattle and then I turned to look around because the car was at Hewitt and Colby, and as I went down the walk two men stopped me and asked me if I hadn"t had enough. They told me to beat it, and as I turned around the same policeman, Ryan, I think his name is, hit me on the forehead and then pulled his gun and said, "Beat it!" He was drunk and they were all swearing at me.
"After I got a block or so, there were two or three shots. I walked two more blocks and then was so dizzy I had to rest. Finally I walked further and an automobile came past me and I tried to holler but they didn"t hear me. And then I walked a little further and the stage came along and they picked me up."
Eye witnesses declared that officer Daniels was one of those who fired shots at the fleeing men after they had been forced to run the gauntlet.
Frank Henig, an Everett citizen, tells what happened in these words:
"I will start from the time I left the house. My wife and I, and the little baby were going to the show. When we got on Wetmore there was a big crowd standing there. I had worked the night before in the mill and I had cedar asthma, so I said to my wife, "I would like to stay out in the fresh air," And she said, "All right, I will meet you at nine o"clock at Wetmore and Hewitt."